Resolving the Ayanamsha

8/4/2019 Resolving the Ayanamsha

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Resolving the Precession/Ayanamsha

Jyotisha, the lord of light, leads the way in the study of Kaala, the cycles of time. Ibow to the Lord of Kaala, Mahakaaleshwar, who has always blessed me generouslyand showered sunshine for me to be votive to. Particularly, in this study, LordMahakaaleshwar has been abundantly kind leading by various nimittas. I also bow toBrihaspati, Guru, or Jupiter who along with the Sun creates cycles whosecomprehension provides a clear and unambiguous path to appreciate this vastly difficultissue.

This study endeavours to attempt an answer to the contentious issue of Ayanamshas.Almost all classics in Jyotisha speak of drikaganita in passing assuming that thestudents of Jyotisha are familiar with it. In this study, I propose to resolve the matterthrough drikaganita or what is obvious and simple in the cycle of time. This study doesnot use any scriptural reference, fixed star or constellation, historical reference or anyother assumption but is entirely based on an empirical search for patterns and dataanalysis of the Swiss Ephemeris data available to me through Jagannath Hora software.It suggests that the Zero of the Zodiac or the effect of the precession/ ayanamshavalue can be derived independently and exactly from the data of the tropicalephemeris itself without any external input.

Ayanamsha is the numerical value by which the visible tropical zodiac, called Sayanadiffers from the fixed Zodiac values called nirayaana. This is the reason that while Sun

visibly appears to be in Gemini rashi, it is often taken to be in Cancer by Jyotishaproponents.

Wikipedia, the new web encyclopedia defines it as:

"The precession of the equinoxes refers to the precession of Earth's axis ofrotation with respect to inertial space.

It was discovered by Hipparchus that the positions of the equinoxes movewestward along the ecliptic compared to the fixed stars on the celestial sphere.Currently, this annual motion is about 50.3 seconds of arc per year or 1 degree

every 71.6 years. The process is slow but cumulative. A complete precessioncycle covers a period of approximately 25,700 years, (the so called greatPlatonic year), during which time the equinox regresses over a full 360.Precessional movement is also the determining factor in the length of an

Astrological_Age.Ayanamsha is a term used in astrology.

It is defined as the angle by which the sidereal ecliptic longitude of a celestialbody is lesser than its tropical ecliptic longitude.

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The sidereal ecliptic longitude of a celestial body is its longitude on the eclipticdefined with respect to the "fixed" stars.

The tropical ecliptic longitude of a celestial body is its longitude on the eclipticdefined with respect to the vernal equinox point.

Since the vernal equinox point precesses westwards at a rate of 50".29 per yearwith respect to the fixed stars, the longitude of a fixed body defined with respectto it will increase slowly."

That the precession of equinox is causing the slight shift in the zodiac, year after year isan accepted scientific and astronomical fact. That the value of this precession is atpresent 50.29 arc seconds eastwards per year is also not disputed. However, there aredifferences amongst not only the Jyotishas but also astronomers and students of timeand nature regarding:

a) The rate of the precession through the ages. It is not clearly established if the

precession rate would vary in a few millenniums or will it remain constant at thepresent value of 50.29-arc seconds/year.b) The date, year or month in which the Tropical and the Jyotisha zodiacs coincided

or the ZERO point of the ayanamsha. Even besides, Jyotisha scholars, therehave been efforts to establish the date of advent of the "Age of Aquarius"

Presently, a large range of Ayanamshas and values are being used though theChitrapaksha or as it is popularly termed the Lahiri Ayanamsha is the most commonlyused value with the Rashtriya Panchang, the formal official calendar as accepted by theGovernment of India endorsing these set of values. It is based on the concept of Citranaksatra at 0 Libra opposite the beginning of the Zodiac at 0 Aries. It is still not

universally accepted though as the Swiss Ephemeris comments on it:

"The problem of defining the zodiac

One of the main differences between the western and the eastern tradition ofastrology is the definition of the zodiac. Western astrology uses the so-calledtropical zodiac which defines 0 Aries as the vernal point (the celestial pointwhere the sun stands at the beginning of spring). The tropical zodiac has actuallynothing to do with the star constellations of the same names. Based on thesestar constellations is the so-called sidereal zodiac, which is used in easternastrology. Because the vernal point slowly moves through these constellations

and completes its cycle once in 26000 years, tropical Aries moves through allsidereal signs, staying in each one for roughly 2160 years. Currently, the vernalpoint, and the beginning of tropical Aries, is located in sidereal Pisces.

The Spica/Citra tradition and the Lahiri ayanamsha

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After the Babylonian and the Greek definitions of the zero point, there is a thirdone which fixes the star Spica (in Sanskrit Citra) at 0 Libra. This definition istoday the most common one in Hindu astrology. It is named after N.C. Lahiri:

1) ayanamsha = 222737.7 1 Jan. 1900 Lahiri, Spica at 0 Libra

However, and this is very confusing, the same definition seems to have used inBabylon and Greece as well. While the information given in the chapters aboutthe Babylonian and the Hipparchan traditions are based on analyses of old starcatalogues and planetary theories, the consideration of 22 ancient Greek and 5Babylonian birth charts leads to different conclusions: they fit better with Spica at0 Libra, than with Aldebaran at 15 Taurus and Spica at 29 Virgo(Fagan/Bradley)! See Nick Kollerstrom, in Culture and Cosmos in 1997 (Vol. 1,n.2).

Were there a different zodiacs for astronomical and astrological purposes? May

be, Spica was chosen as an anchor star for reasons of more convenience, but itwas not originally meant to be located precisely at 0 Libra. The definition bySpica at 0 Libra would be so simple, clear, and convincing that, had it really beenintended, it would probably never have been given up and the other definitionswould never have been taken into consideration.

The Greek-Hindu astrological zodiac with Spica at 0 Libra has the most strikingreference point, the bright star Spica at 0 Libra. But this definition is so clear andsimple that, had it really been intended by the inventors of the sidereal ecliptic, itwould certainly not have been forgotten or given up by the Greek and Arabictradition."

The questions that remain, therefore, are what could be the logical reasoning for solvingthis issue of where does the zodiac begin and how long would the cycle or cycles last.To understand this, let us focus on the cycles of Jupiter, the provider of dhi, theintelligent life force in the zodiac as well as this human life. The answers are simple andelegant.

It is being proposed that:

i) Like the Sun and Moon opposition and conjunctions form the natural cycle for amonth; similarly, Jupiter and Sun conjunction/opposition create a natural cycle

defining not only a year but also the entire precessional cycle of 25800 years. Thevery genesis of the Zero of the Zodiac and thus the beginning of Aries/Meshoriginates from this cycle.

ii) The Zodiac precesses by 54 arc seconds with each Jupiter/Sunconjunction/opposition. That in 320 such conjunctions/oppositions; a basic cycle,called "Ujjayini Cycle" is formed. That in 75 such cycles, the Zodiac will move by

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full 360 degrees. That the number of calendar years or dates would vary if theJupiter/Sun oppositions change.

It is known that Jupiter has an average cycle of less than 12 years in which it goesaround the zodiac, traversing through one rashi or sign approximately in a year. When

we get more specific, Jupiter takes 11.862 years to go around the zodiac and theaverage synodic cycle (From one opposition of Jupiter from Sun to the next oppositionis a synodic cycle) of Jupiter is 398 days. A known astronomical cycle for Jupiter is thesynodic multiple cycle that is exactly of 83 years on the moving tropical zodiac. Jupiterreturns to approximately the same position with respect to the Sun in this period. 76synodic cycles of Jupiter equal 83 years. Jupiter moves on an average 5 minutes perday or two and a half degree per month. The movements of Jupiter have been oftremendous significance, historically. The samvatsar (60 year cycles) and the yugas (5year cycles) in the panchang originate with Jupiter cycles and movements. It is this veryJupiter, along with the Sun, the source of all energy, which reveals the story of theprecession and ayanamsha.

Annual Jupiter cycle:

Contrary to accepted average values, Jupiter does not move 5 minutes/day in any oneparticular month. As the following chart depicts, Jupiter moves at a rate of 6/7degrees /month or when in close proximity or conjunction to Sun and in fact covers adistance of nearly 35/40 degrees in six months. It is near stationary or very slow for twomonths in a year when it goes retrograde and slides back 10 degrees in retrogrademotion every year. This chart observes the movement of Jupiter over a one-year cycle.

CHART 1

Jupiter in Taurus Jupiter in Libra

Date Sun Jupiter

Movement in 1Month Date Sun Jupiter

Movementin 1 Month

14/May/2012 0 Ta 17 29 Ar 26 17/Oct/1993 0 Li 10 1 Li 02

15/Jun/2012 0 Ge16 6 Ta 43 7-17 16/Nov/1993 0 Sc 10 7 Li 29 6-27

16/Jul/2012 0 Cn 14 13 Ta 23 6-50 16/Dec/1993 0 Sg 09 13 Li 17 5-48

17/Aug/2012 0 Le 20 18 Ta 40 5-17 14/Jan/1994 0 Cp 09 17 Li 51 4-34

17/Sep/2012 0 Vi 21 21 Ta 50 3-10 13/Feb/1994 0 Aq 09 20 Li 30 2-39

17/Oct/2012 0 Li 19 22 Ta 04 0-14 14/Mar/1994 0 Pi 09 20 Li 33 0-03

16/Nov/2012 0 Sc20 19 Ta 27 -2-37 14/Apr/1994 0 Ar 09 18 Li 01 -2-32

16/Dec/2012 0 Sg 26 15 Ta 31 -3-58 15/May/1994 0 Ta 10 14 Li 10 -3-51

14/Jan/2013 0 Cp 24 12 Ta 43 -2-48 15/Jun/1994 0 Ge 09 11 Li 24 -2-46

13/Feb/2013 0 Aq 27 12 Ta 35 -0-08 16/Jul/1994 0 Cn 10 11 Li 18 -0-06

15/Mar/2013 0 Pi 29 15 Ta 17 2-42 17/Aug/1994 0 Le 09 13 Li 58 2-40

14/Apr/2013 0 Ar 27 20 Ta 09 4-52 9/171994 0 Vi 09 18 Li 41 4-43

14/May/2013 0 Ta 03 26 Ta 22 6-13 17/Oct/1994 0 Li 10 24 Li 39 5-58

15-Jun-13 0 Ge 01 3 Ge 25 7-13 16-Nov-94 0 Sc 10 1 Sc 10 6-31

The data is based using Lahiri Ayanamsha.A key pointer is that the speed of Jupiteris different in different Rashis/signs. While Jupiter moves 7 degrees in conjunction to

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Sun in Aries/Pisces, it moves 6 30 while in Le, Vi, Li and Sc. With corresponding distinctvalues for rashis/signs in between.

Jupiter/Sun conjunction/opposition cycle:

Of immense significance is the following chart of Jupiter/Sun conjunction and oppositionover a period of 12 years showing a single cycle. It is this observation, which leads tothe basic premise of this answer for precession and the ayanamsha. The chartcorroborates the crucial observation that Jupiter moves at varying speeds in differentrashis. The following inferences are evident:

When in Leo, Virgo, Libra and Sagittarius, Jupiter progresses around 15/16degrees from conjunction to opposition. This slowly increases till there is avalue of 18 degrees for Jupiter movement while in Aries and Pisces.

Even more visible is the fact, that the synodic cycle of Jupiter is different

and varying when Jupiter is in different rashis. That while theconjunction/opposition is at a near 390-degree progression of sun or aJupiter progression of 30 degrees when in Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio; itvaries significantly in other rashis.

CHART 2

Date

Conjunction Conjunction

ProgressiveDifference

between twoSuccessive

Conjunctions

Date

Opposition

OppositionJupiter

Position

ProgressiveDifferencebetween

twoSuccessive

Oppositions

Differenbetwee

Conjunct

/Opposit8/May/2000 24 Ar 01 11/28/2000 12 Ta 17 18-16

14/Jun/2001 29 Ta 39 35-38 1/1/2002 16 Ge 45 34-28 17-24

20/Jul/2002 3 Cn 18 33-39 2/2/2003 19 Cn 12 32-27 15-54

22/Aug/2003 5 Le 01 31-43 3/4/2004 20 Le 02 30-50 15-01

22/Sep/2004 5 Vi 24 30-23 4/3/2005 20 Vi 02 30-00 14-38

22/Oct/2005 5 Li 17 29-51 5/4/2006 20 Li 03 30-01 14-46

22/Nov/2006 5 Sc 33 30-16 6/6/2007 20 Sc 56 30-53 15-23

23/Dec/2007 7 Sg 03 31-3 7/9/2008 23 Sg 29 32-33 16-26

24/Jan/2009 10 Cp 23 33-20 8/14/2009 28 Cp 04 34-35 17-41

28/Feb/2010 15 Ag 44 35-21 9/21/2010 4 Pi 22 36-18 18-386/Apr/2011 22 Pi 26 36-42 10/29/2011 11 Ar 15 36-53 18-49

Jupiter/Sun synodic multiple cycles:

The multiple synodic cycle of Jupiter observed over a period of 83 years shown in thefollowing chart reveals:

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a) The Sun/Jupiter conjunction cycle is of 12 years but of 11 conjunctions. In eachfull cycle of the rashis/signs, there is one rashi in which there is no conjunction.

b) The same is true of the Sun/Jupiter opposition, the cycle contains 11rashis/signs and there is one sign missing.

c) Significantly, if we use ayanamsha corrected values there will be no year in

which Ju/Sun conjunction/opposition does not take place in either Virgo or Librarashis. The cycle moves around in the reverse order and after a cycle in whichthere is no conjunction between the two in Sagittarius, in the next cycle, it isCancer, which is not in the list. Very rarely, almost once in a few hundred years,it so happens that either Leo or Scorpio misses out on conjunction or opposition.In fact, a fine-tuning of the ayanamsha correction will ensure that Ju/Suconjunction will always take place in Leo, Virgo, Libra and Scorpio.

CHART 3:

Conjunction in successive years =

Date

Aries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricorn Aquarius Pisces

Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min Deg Min

8/May/2000 24 1 29 39 3 18 5 01 5 24 5 17 5 33 7 3 10 23 15 44 22 26

13/May/2012 29 9 4 29 7 49 9 17 9 32 9 25 9 49 11 34 15 13 20 49 27 35

19/May/2024 4 7 9 9 12 11 13 27 13 38 13 34 14 8 16 8 20 2 25 50

17/Apr/2035 2 37 9 0 13 47 16 34 17 41 17 48 17 47 18 28 20 38 24 44 0 40

22/Apr/2047 7 29 13 44 18 20 20 55 21 52 21 55 21 56 22 46 25 10 29 33 5 42

27/Apr/2059 12 33 18 39 22 58 25 15 25 59 25 56 25 59 27 0 29 43 4 27 10 51

3/May/2071 17 43 23 37 27 36 29 36 0 9 0 3 0 12 1 26 4 27 9 28 16 1

It is fascinating to note that while in Virgo and Libra, Jupiter progressions over 12 yearsare almost constant at around 4.2 degrees while they go on increasing for the other

rashis.

Another significant observation is that there is a clear pattern of synodic values. In asingle cycle, in successive conjunctions, the progression of Jupiter from the precedingconjunction is oscillating from 30 degrees to 37 degrees. In the chart while thedifferential progression of the conjunction between Taurus and Aries is 35 degrees 37minutes, it is just 29 degrees 53 minutes between Libra and Virgo. This value againincreases to 36/42 between Pisces and Aquarius and then recedes back to 29/53between Libra and Virgo.

Multiple conjunction cycles:

The following chart focuses on Jupiter/Sun conjunctions from 1702 to 1879. Thiscorroborates the observations from single cycles of Jupiter conjunctions. Again, thecusp of Virgo and Libra is the lowest point in the differential progressions of Jupiterconjunctions in successive years. In the differential progressions over 12 years in arashi/sign; In Pisces and Aries the differentials are 5 degrees on an average and inVirgo/Libra they are 4.2 degrees. The patterns are similar stretched over almost

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10000 years in an ayanamsha adjusted ephemeris but conspicuously different onthe tropical spring equinox-linked ephemeris.

CHART 4


YearAries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricorn Aquarius Pisces


1702 7 49 14 4 18 33 21 0 21 50 21 50 21 51 22 46 25 18 29 52 6 8

1714 13 0 19 1 23 10 25 21 26 1 25 59 26 6 27 14 0 3 4 52 11 15

1726 18 1 23 47 27 40 29 37 0 11 0 8 0 22 1 41 4 45 9 48 16 18

1735 23 2 28 35 2 13 3 58 4 24 4 19 4 34 6 1 9 17 14 34 21 14

1750 27 58 3 22 6 47 8 19 8 36 8 29 8 50 10 30 14 4 19 38 26 26

1762 3 3 8 10 11 14 12 31 12 40 12 35 13 7 15 4 18 59 24 48

1774 1 39 8 5 12 54 15 40 16 44 16 49 16 46 17 29 19 43 23 55 29 54

1786 6 44 12 57 17 28 19 59 20 54 20 57 20 59 21 52 24 20 28 46 4 561797 11 46 17 49 22 5 24 23 25 9 25 9 25 11 26 10 28 48 3 28 9 48

1809 16 40 22 37 26 41 28 46 29 21 29 16 29 23 0 33 3 28 8 25 14 57

1821 21 48 27 30 1 14 3 1 3 27 3 20 3 34 4 59 8 15 13 31 20 11

1833 26 55 2 20 5 45 7 17 7 35 7 28 7 51 9 31 13 5 18 35 25 8

1845 1 52 7 0 10 8 11 28 11 42 11 38 12 10 14 4 17 52 23 34

1857 0 20 6 47 11 41 14 34 15 45 15 53 15 50 16 26 18 29 22 30 28 23

1869 5 14 11 36 16 18 18 59 19 59 20 2 20 0 20 45 23 3 27 21 3 28

The 344-year Jupiter cycle:

Observation of the multiple long-term cycles of Jupiter conjunctions/opposition with Sunreveals that in every 344 years and five days or 319 conjunctions/oppositions; Jupiterand Sun return to nearly the same point in the Zodiac. This natural cycle like the othersthat are known, the Metonic cycle; the Saros cycle runs in a series. From any date in acalendar and using an ayanamsha adjusted nirayaana ephemeris, to any other date 344years+4/5 days away will lead to the same position of Jupiter as well as Sun. This chartfocuses on the progressive movement of Jupiter over 350 years, showing a cycle of 344

years wherein Jupiter/Sun conjunction or opposition takes place at the same point onthe zodiac. It may be noted in the chart that on 18 Sept 1992, Sun and Jupiter getconjunct at 1 Vi 21 (Lahiri Ayanamsha) and then 344 years and five days (or 320conjunctions) later on 23 September, 2336 they get conjunct again at 1 Vi 14.

This cycle named for convenience as the Ujjayini cycle also shows slow progressionover a millennium but appears to be the tool to solve precisely the precession of theequinoxes and define the ZERO point of the Zodiac from wherein begins the Rashi/Sign

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boundaries. For it is only the application of the correct ayanamsha values which woulddefine the rashi/sign beginning and end.

CHART 5: Conjunctions in ayanamsha adjusted Virgo every 12/11 years

Date

Virgo

Date

Virgo

Date

Virgo

Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif

18-Sep-92 1 21 6-Oct-23 16 35 4-1 22-Sep-53 2 10

22-Sep-04 5 24 4-3 10-Oct-35 20 43 4-8 26-Sep-65 6 18 4-10

26-Sep-16 9 32 4-8 14-Oct-47 24 50 4-7 30-Sep-77 10 27 4-9

30-Sep-28 13 38 4-6 18-Oct-59 29 0 4-10 4-Oct-89 14 36 4-9

5-Oct-40 17 48 4-10 22-Sep-70 3 11 8-Oct-01 18 42 4-6

9-Oct-52 21 55 4-7 26-Oct-82 7 16 4-5 12-Oct-13 22 52 4-10

13-Oct-64 25 56 4-1 1-Oct-94 11 26 4-10 16-Oct-25 26 59 4-7

18-Sep-75 0 9 6-Oct-06 15 33 4-7 23-Sep-36 1 14

22-Sep-87 4 15 4-6 10-Oct-18 19 42 4-9 27-Sep-48 5 24 4-10

26-Sep-99 8 25 4-10 14-Oct-30 23 51 4-9 1-Oct-60 9 33 4-9

1-Oct-11 12 34 4-9 19-Oct-42 27 53 4-2 6-Oct-72 13 44 4-11

All the data and charts, so far, have been made by using the Jagannath Hora softwareand on a nirayaana scale using the Lahiri ayanamsha. The readers are invited to useany ayanamsha in or around Lahiri and similar results will be obtained. It may bementioned that these results will not be true for the tropical zodiac or the Sayanavalues.

Jupiter cycles in the Tropical Ephemeris:

The next set of data uses the tropical ephemeris. The analysis of the tropical zodiac initself gives the answer to the approximate value of the precession without reference toany other data or observation. This chart shows the successive position of theJupiter/Sun conjunction cycles over a period of nearly 3000 years separated either by83 years or 249 years (a multiple of 83). This represents the synodic multiple cycle ofJupiter or three such cumulative cycles. It may be recalled that in the tropical Zodiac,Jupiter and Sun return to the same point after 83 years, that is, the completion of 76

synodic cycles. A mere glance at the chart reveals that how despite the overall valueschanging almost negligibly over the 3000-year period; the internal dynamics of a 12year cycle have changed according to the precession.

The major and strikingly visible change is that in the tropical values, the differential ofthe conjunctions is not minimal always on the Virgo/Libra cusp but is gradually shiftingover years. But the spatial pattern remains the same. The following chart demonstrates

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how Jupiter is progressing slowly between four signs and faster in the seven othersigns.

CHART 6 Conjunction in successive years =

YearAries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio

Sagittarius

Capricorn Aquarian Piscean


-4700 20 10 22 2 22 55 23 32 24 34 26 41 0 17 5 21 11 17 17 3 21 40

-3953 20 54 23 5 24 7 24 42 25 33 27 20 0 33 5 18 11 7 17 5 22 6

-3206 21 3 23 42 25 3 25 41 26 21 27 43 0 23 4 36 10 9 16 14 21 43

-2957 21 54 24 42 26 6 26 43 27 16 28 30 1 1 5 8 10 41 16 51 22 31

-2708 21 50 24 51 26 24 27 3 27 31 28 32 0 46 4 37 10 1 16 14 22 6

-2377 21 35 24 48 26 28 27 8 27 32 28 27 0 34 4 19 9 38 15 50 21 46

-2293 21 45 25 0 26 43 27 27 27 54 28 50 0 54 4 32 9 44 15 51 21 48

-2128 22 24 25 45 27 29 28 10 28 32 29 22 1 29 4 58 10 12 16 25

-1879 22 44 26 17 28 10 28 14 29 13 29 55 1 43 5 2 10 10 16 29 22 30

-1630 22 5 25 52 27 58 28 50 29 11 29 49 1 6 4 35 9 26 15 31

-1380 22 10 26 7 28 21 29 18 29 40 0 13 1 42 4 41 9 22 15 22

-1130 22 52 27 1 29 23 0 23 0 43 1 10 2 30 5 19 9 53 15 55

-883 22 51 27 14 29 50 0 58 1 18 1 37 2 42 5 14 9 33 15 27

-634 22 6 26 45 29 35 0 54 1 18 1 36 2 35 4 55 9 2 14 46

-385 22 26 27 14 0 11 1 32 1 54 2 5 2 56 5 8 9 10 14 55

30 22 54 28 2 1 19 2 55 3 23 3 30 4 6 5 56 9 33 14 59

113 22 36 27 52 1 15 2 52 3 20 3 25 4 0 5 49 9 26 14 52

196 22 27 27 42 1 7 2 48 3 19 3 27 4 2 5 49 9 29 14 42

279 22 4 28 26 1 0 2 48 3 24 3 32 4 3 5 44 9 2 14 20

524 22 3 27 45 1 29 3 23 3 58 4 2 4 25 5 56 9 22 14 23

779 22 43 28 32 2 29 4 32 5 11 5 11 5 26 6 46 9 48 14 49

843 22 41 28 32 2 36 4 47 5 32 5 36 5 49 7 0 9 51 14 39

1192 21 47 27 50 2 12 4 38 5 34 5 41 5 52 6 55 9 32 14 5

1358 21 50 27 57 2 23 4 52 5 48 5 56 6 5 7 5 9 39 14 7 20 13

1440 21 47 27 58 2 32 5 7 6 5 6 10 6 14 7 7 9 35 14 2 20 13

1524 22 3 28 21 2 56 5 31 6 21 6 33 6 36 7 28 9 57 14 23 20 32

1603 22 12 28 28 3 7 5 47 6 49 6 57 7 1 7 52 10 15 14 34 20 38

1690 22 10 28 37 3 26 6 13 7 17 7 22 7 19 8 2 10 17 14 31

1773 22 21 28 48 3 35 6 25 7 29 7 35 7 34 8 18 10 32 14 45

1856 22 12 28 40 3 34 6 29 7 41 7 50 7 47 8 25 10 29 14 30

1940 21 50 28 25 3 29 6 29 7 43 7 51 7 47 8 22 10 24 14 25

2190 21 13 27 55 3 11 6 24 7 38 8 1 7 55 8 22 10 13 14 1

2440 21 22 28 11 3 39 7 3 8 34 8 39 8 41 9 2 10 43 14 19

2935 21 10 28 7 3 59 7 53 9 47 10 15 10 7 10 15 11 31 14 37

3184 20 38 27 37 3 41 7 49 9 56 10 31 10 25 10 28 11 35 14 25

3433 20 50 27 52 4 6 8 28 10 46 11 29 11 22 11 20 12 16 14 55

3682 20 57 28 1 4 27 9 5 11 39 12 29 12 22 12 12 12 53 15 13

3931 20 57 27 1 3 49 8 47 11 38 12 41 12 40 12 29 13 2 15 2

4180 19 26 26 55 3 40 8 51 11 54 13 4 13 4 12 48 13 10 15 4

4263 19 58 27 4 3 56 9 12 12 16 13 25 13 24 13 7 13 29 15 22 19 20

4346 20 13 27 12 4 3 9 20 12 29 13 43 13 47 13 31 13 52 15 41 19 32

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4512 20 20 27 22 4 23 9 53 13 11 14 30 14 32 14 12 14 26 16 6 19 49

4529 20 6 27 8 4 8 9 36 12 54 14 12 14 14 13 53 14 6 15 46 19 30

4595 20 24 27 21 4 21 9 53 13 18 14 44 14 50 14 30 14 40 16 10 19 42

4678 20 5 27 1 4 7 9 50 13 23 14 52 14 59 14 38 14 44 16 12 19 42

4761 20 6 27 1 4 6 9 48 13 23 14 55 15 5 14 45 14 52 16 18 19 44

4844 19 49 26 35 3 39 9 29 13 14 14 56 15 12 14 54 14 57 16 16 19 31

4927 19 34 26 25 3 35 9 32 13 20 15 2 15 15 14 54 14 54 16 9 19 24

5010 19 38 26 25 3 34 9 30 13 20 15 5 15 22 15 4 15 5 16 20 19 28

5093 19 33 26 14 3 22 9 24 13 23 15 15 15 35 15 14 15 9 16 15 19 18

5176 19 32 26 17 3 34 9 42 13 43 15 35 15 54 15 32 15 27 16 33 19 34

5259 19 48 26 28 3 40 9 48 13 53 15 51 16 14 15 56 15 50 16 53 19 49

5342 19 42 26 21 3 39 9 59 14 15 16 18 16 43 16 20 16 8 17 2 19 50

The chart shows data over 10000 years with Ju/Su conjunction at or around 20 Aries.This larger cycle reveals the astonishing situation where the precession of the equinox

is clearly visible in the cluster of the four signs in which Jupiter/Sun conjunctionprogression is steady and near constant. In the year 200 to 300 AD these signs on thetropical zodiac are Leo, Virgo, Libra and Scorpio. Around 1000 BC they are Cancer, Le,Vi and Libra. Around 1500 AD they are Vi, Li, Sc and Sg. While when we reach 3400AD, these signs now become Li, Sc, Sg and Capricorn. Move on to beyond 4800 ADand these signs change by one more sign. It is easy to spot the cusp of the two signswhere the progression differential is minimum; this cusp reflects the shifting Zero of theZodiac due to precessional effect. When we use the same set of data with the correctedayanamsha of let us say, Lahiri, these signs remain the same, viz. Leo, Virgo, Libra andScorpio.

This difference may be seen in this strikingly contrast set of values: The values of theconjunction in Aries and Pisces are virtually the same but the shifting Zero from Leo toSagittarius is shown in the inter-spatial distribution. The change in the values in otherrashis may be seen.


YearAries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio

Sagittarius

Capricorn Aquarius Pisces


-4700 20 10 22 2 22 55 23 32 24 34 26 41 0 17 5 21 11 17 17 3 21 40

5342 19 42 26 21 3 39 9 59 14 15 16 18 16 43 16 20 16 8 17 2 19 50

To illustrate this, two more charts of Jupiter/Sun conjunction each of 83 years each maybe seen in the next two charts. The date ranges have been selected to roughly coincidewith a near 30-degree change in precession and are Tropical values.

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Chart 6A:

Conjunction in successive years (Tropical Values) ===>Successive Years

DateAries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio

Sagittarius

Capricorn Aquarian Piscean


24/3/-1843 2 33 7 15 10 10 11 33 12 1 12 22 13 21 15 39 19 42 25 20 0 1 44

29/3/-1831 7 38 12 3 14 40 15 51 16 15 16 40 17 51 20 27 24 48 0 38 7 0

3/4/-1819 12 42 16 49 19 12 20 13 20 35 21 4 22 7 25 18 29 52 5 48 12 6

8/4/-1807 17 35 21 28 23 39 24 34 24 56 25 32 27 4 0 7 4 52 10 54 17 10

14/4/-1795 22 29 26 10 28 10 29 0 29 20 29 57 1 35 4 48 9 44 15 54 22 10

19/4/-1783 27 21 0 51 2 40 3 22 3 40 4 22 6 12 9 40 14 50 21 7 27 18

The focus is on the conjunction and its progressions in successive years in four signs,viz; Cancer, Leo, Virgo and Libra. The differential progressions are tightly together andcan be seen distinctly. The values in Virgo indicate that the lowest differential is in Virgosuggesting that the Zero of the Zodiac is hovering around the cusp of Leo/Virgo. Aprecession of 30 degrees away from the normal Virgo/Libra cusp values.

Chart 6 B

Conjunction in successive years (Tropical Values) ===>

DateAries Taurus Gemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricorn Aquarian Piscean


20/3/2473 0 22 7 15 13 36 18 15 20 51 21 48 21 47 21 43 22 28 24 49 29 14

25/3/2485 5 28 12 29 18 44 23 9 25 30 26 14 26 8 26 7 27 3 29 42 4 2513/3/2497 10 53 17 52 23 53 27 57 29 59 0 32 0 25 0 30 1 41 4 39 9 41

6/4/2509 16 17 23 11 28 55 2 41 4 28 4 53 4 45 4 59 6 23 9 38 14 53

11/4/2521 21 33 28 19 3 47 7 16 8 52 9 12 9 6 9 26 11 4 14 34 20 3

16/4/2533 26 49 3 30 8 45 11 59 13 22 13 33 13 24 13 47 15 34 19 19 25 4

4300 years later, the focus is on the conjunction and its progressions in successiveyears in four other signs, viz; Virgo, Libra, Scorpio and Sagittarius. The differentialprogressions can be visibly seen in a close cluster. The values in Scorpio indicate thatthe lowest differential is in Scorpio suggesting that the zero of the zodiac is around thecusp of Libra/Scorpio tropical signs. A precession of 30 degrees again in the otherdirection from the earlier observations of minimal progression around Virgo/Libra cusp

values in any ayanamsha adjusted Zodiac.

Zero of the Zodiac is defined as the point at which Sun is at actual 0 Aries and Jupiterexactly opposite at 0 Libra in any given year. It will be measured in the Tropical/SayanaZodiac with respect to the opposition point of Jupiter. For example, if Sun is at 0 Ar onMarch 21/22 the spring equinox, as in the tropical ephemeris every year, the Zero pointwill keep moving and will be at 24 Ar if the precession adjustment for that year or theayanamsha value is 24.00 At opposition, Jupiter will therefore be at 24 Libra. If in this

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paper, it is said, Zero point is at 17 Sc, it will imply that the Sun is at 17 Ta at the Zeropoint on the tropical zodiac and the precession will be roughly 47.00. The followingpatterns emerge:

1. In a single cycle of Jupiter/Sun conjunctions, the sign/rashi in which the

differential progression is minimal will be the sign, which contains the Zero pointfor that year. For example, if Ju/Su conjunct at 15 Vi 00 and then next year at 14Li 47, followed by a conjunction at 15 Sc 1; then the Zero for that year will bebetween 15 Vi and 14 Li 47. Implying that the precession on ayanamsha for thisyear is between -15.00 and 14.47. Therefore, just a glance at a 12-year cycle ofSu/Ju conjunctions on the tropical Zodiac establishes a 30-degree arc of the Zeroof the zodiac. A matrix of Ju/Su opposition in the same cycle read with theconjunction cycle judiciously reduces this arc to 15 degrees. For example, if inthe same cycle, if Su/Ju are in opposition with Ju at 0 Vi 17, 0 Li 13; 0 Sc 43 and1 Sg 9 in successive years, it can be derived that the Zero lies between 15 Viand 0 Li 13.

2. Diminishing progression of the differential of Sun/Jupiterconjunctions/Opposition in a full (72/83 year) cycle in a Rashi/Sign indicates thatthe rashi/sign is moving away from the ZERO of the Zodiac.

3. Increasing values of the progression of the differential will indicate therashi/sign and its degrees are tending towards or approaching the Zero.

4. An analysis of a full cycle of Jupiter/Sun conjunctions will therefore besufficient to establish a 4/5-degree arc for the zero. This 4/5-degree arc is theconsequence of the normal 12-year progression of Jupiter values. Tropical

values of the ephemeris for 83 years alone without any value addition reveal thisdata unerringly.

5. In successive 83-year cycles, the values are taken at a 'nearly same' degreefor each rashi/sign over several cycles. In this case, it is the increasingvalues,which show that the rashi is moving away from the Zero and diminishingvalues,which indicate that the rashi is approaching the Zero.

Further, the following calculations show the physically observed rate of the precessionis linked to Jupiter movement.

The present rate of precession is 50.29 arc seconds; it should then be a cycle of25800years before the two zodiacs coincide once again. We have seen earlier in a chart ofhow in a nirayaana-adjusted zodiac, Jupiter creates a cycle of 344 years followingwhich it comes back to the same point on the nirayaana Zodiac. It is not surprising that75 such cycles of Jupiter will lead to exactly 25800 years. Twenty-five such 344-yearcycles lead to a 120-degree change in the precession over a period of 8600 years,with one rashi change occurring in 2150 years. In fact, careful observation of a

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single 8600-year cycle suggests that the cycle could be 8588 years, leading to a fullcycle of 25764 years, very close to the rate of precession.

A possible cycle is:

Jupiter/Sun conjunction in BC 3979 : 0 Ar 35

Jupiter/Sun opposition 22 March 321: 1 Ar 01; 1 Li01

Jupiter/Sun conjunction 22 May 4609: 2 Ar 25

The total period is 8588 years. A completion of 12.5 Jupiter cycles of 344 years lead to4300 years, from a Jupiter/Sun conjunction in BC 3979 to AD321, March 22, aJupiter/Sun opposition brings the Zodiac to a ZERO at 0 Aries. Another 4288 years from

this and 12.5 cycles later it is once again a Jupiter/Sun conjunction leading to another60 degrees precession in the Zodiac.

Another illustration of the simplicity of this Jupiter/Sun created natural cycle can beseen through the dates of conjunction/opposition over the Ujjayini Cycle period. It will beseen that the dates are 4/5 days progressions that fit in exactly with the movement ofthe Zero over this period of 4 degrees 48 minutes.

Another linkage comes from measuring the progression of Jupiteroppositions/conjunctions in Virgo/Libra. Each progression is almost similar with anaverage of 4.2 arc minutes. This also coincides with the 4.2 arc seconds change in

ayanamsha with a solar change in rashi that is every month.

Determining Zero ayanamsha year:

Now we consider the crucial point of the likely year of coincidence of the two zodiacs.The period between 200 AD and 400 AD are the outer limits of the zero value. This isevident from chart 6. During this period, on the following dates, each 83 years apart,reflecting the basic tropical synodic cycle of Jupiter, the Sun/ Jupiter opposition neatlycoincides with the values of Sun at or around 0 degrees Aries and Jupiter at around 0degrees Libra, in alignment with Chitra nakshatra on a spring equinox day of 21/22March.

1. March 22, 2382. March 22, 3213. March 22, 4044. March 22, 487

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Interestingly, these dates find a present day ayanamsha values between Fagan, Lahiri,Raman and Ushashashi values. The following data analysis helps in determining theexact values.

This chart depicts data from 5183 BC to 5134 AD of Sun and Jupiter oppositions in a

344-year cycle period. The ayanamsha used is Lahiri 2957 from 3000 to 3000 andLahiri in the other period. The Zero point of the coincidence of the tropical andnirayaana zodiac appears to be around March 22, 321. An 8588-year cycle indicating a120-degree precession is shown distinctly.

Chart 7


YearGemini Cancer Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sagittarius Capricorn

Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif Deg Min Dif

-5183 5 13 8 3 2.83 9 36 1.55 10 25 0.82 11 12 0.78 12 37 1.42 15 14 2.62 19 17 4.05

-4843 6 33 7 18 0.75 10 48 3.50 11 35 0.78 12 22 0.78 13 48 1.43 16 25 2.62 20 32 4.12

-4495 6 28 9 14 2.77 10 41 1.45 11 25 0.73 12 7 0.70 13 30 1.38 16 7 2.62 20 12 4.08

-4151 6 43 9 28 2.75 10 54 1.43 11 35 0.68 12 15 0.67 13 36 1.35 16 13 2.62 20 23 4.17

-3979 9 49 12 26 2.62 13 44 1.30 14 21 0.62 14 59 0.63 16 23 1.40 19 6 2.72 23 24 4.30

-3807 7 52 10 34 2.70 11 58 1.40 12 37 0.65 13 17 0.67 14 38 1.35 17 15 2.62 21 25 4.17

-3463 7 30 10 13 2.72 11 35 1.37 12 12 0.62 12 40 0.47 14 7 1.45 16 42 2.58 20 52 4.17

-3119 8 16 10 58 2.70 12 16 1.30 12 50 0.57 13 22 0.53 14 37 1.25 17 13 2.60 21 27 4.23

-2775 9 27 12 8 2.68 13 26 1.30 13 59 0.55 14 31 0.53 15 46 1.25 18 20 2.57 22 32 4.20

-2431 9 8 11 49 2.68 13 6 1.28 13 36 0.50 14 5 0.48 15 18 1.22 17 52 2.57 22 6 4.23

-2087 10 14 12 54 2.67 14 8 1.23 14 34 0.43 14 58 0.40 16 6 1.13 18 38 2.53 22 54 4.27

-1743 10 23 13 3 2.67 14 18 1.25 14 44 0.43 15 10 0.43 16 18 1.13 18 49 2.52 23 2 4.22

-1399 10 24 13 5 2.68 14 16 1.18 14 39 0.38 15 0 0.35 16 6 1.10 18 37 2.52 22 54 4.28

-1055 11 32 14 12 2.67 15 22 1.17 15 42 0.33 15 58 0.27 17 0 1.03 19 26 2.43 23 42 4.27

-711 11 16 13 57 2.68 15 8 1.18 15 29 0.35 15 47 0.30 16 50 1.05 19 17 2.45 23 31 4.23

-450 12 29 15 9 2.67 16 19 1.17 16 40 0.35 16 58 0.30 18 2 1.07 20 32 2.50 24 48 4.27

-23 12 36 15 18 2.70 16 26 1.13 16 41 0.25 16 51 0.17 17 45 0.90 20 6 2.35 24 19 4.22

321 12 13 14 55 2.70 16 3 1.13 16 17 0.23 16 29 0.20 17 25 0.93 19 48 2.38 24 3 4.25

665 13 8 15 50 2.70 16 54 1.07 17 3 0.15 17 7 0.07 17 58 0.85 20 19 2.35 24 36 4.28

1009 13 30 16 14 2.73 17 21 1.12 17 32 0.18 17 36 0.07 18 24 0.80 20 39 2.25 24 48 4.15

1353 13 19 16 2 2.72 17 6 1.07 17 15 0.15 17 18 0.05 18 7 0.82 20 26 2.32 24 41 4.25

1697 14 21 17 7 2.77 18 11 1.07 18 14 0.05 18 11 -0.05 18 53 0.70 21 6 2.22 25 20 4.23

2041 14 17 17 4 2.78 18 10 1.10 18 18 0.13 18 17 -0.02 18 58 0.68 21 8 2.17 25 14 4.10

2385 14 31 17 17 2.77 18 19 1.03 18 22 0.05 18 17 -0.08 18 58 0.68 21 11 2.22 25 24 4.22

2729 15 23 18 14 2.85 19 18 1.07 19 19 0.02 19 9 -0.17 19 43 0.57 21 48 2.08 25 57 4.15

3073 14 35 17 26 2.85 18 31 1.08 18 34 0.05 18 28 -0.10 19 3 0.58 21 8 2.08 25 12 4.07

3417 15 15 18 4 2.82 19 6 1.03 18 2 -1.07 18 50 0.80 19 22 0.53 21 28 2.10 25 39 4.18

3761 15 43 18 40 2.95 19 46 1.10 19 45 -0.02 19 30 -0.25 19 56 0.43 21 54 1.97 25 56 4.03

4105 15 30 18 25 2.92 19 29 1.07 19 20 -0.15 19 15 -0.08 19 44 0.48 21 44 2.00 25 45 4.02

4449 16 23 19 19 2.93 20 20 1.02 20 14 -0.10 19 54 -0.33 20 17 0.38 22 15 1.97 26 20 4.08

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4609 14 12 17 22 3.17 18 35 1.22 18 33 -0.03 18 12 -0.35 18 28 0.27 20 11 1.72 24 6 3.92

4793 16 24 19 27 3.05 20 36 1.15 20 34 -0.03 20 15 -0.32 20 35 0.33 22 25 1.83 26 20 3.92

5137 16 31 19 30 2.98 20 34 1.07 20 29 -0.08 20 10 -0.32 20 31 0.35 22 24 1.88 26 23 3.98

A narrowing down of these dates by more careful calculations leads to either theSpring or Vernal Equinox of321 AD as the Zero year for the ayanamsha, leading to aminus 30 minutes value from the existing Lahiri or Chitrapaksha system or the AutumnEquinox of September 273 AD with a correction of plus 947 from Lahiri as the Zerovalue. Alternatively, the Sun/ Jupiter conjunctions in Libra on the Autumn Equinoxaround the same time are also analysed. The key period in this cycle emerges asSeptember 273 AD with Sun/Jupiter conjunction at 29 Vi 10.

The chart below shows the plotting of the differential of the progressions between twoconsecutive signs with Tropical values. The intersection of the various series in 279 AD

(12 year) series at which the Zero is fixed clearly suggests the Zero year series.Similarly, the arrow marks show the striking patterns at 15, 30, 45 and 60 ayanamshayear series. The key series years are 1354, 2520, 3595 and 4595. In both the charts, Y-axis gives the value of the progression with zero at 30 degree progression.

JU/SU CONJUNCTION

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

8.00

-136 113 362 611 860 1109 1358 1603 1856 2105 2354 2602 2852 3184 3931 4346 4595 4844 5093 53

Years=>

DifferentialProgression

Leo Virgo Libra Scorpio Sag Capricorn Aquarius tA Ar

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The next chart depicts the Sun/Jupiter oppositions centered at 321 AD, 12-year seriesbeginning in 314. Again, around this series the intersections are clearly visible. Arrowmarks at 321, 2472, - 1844 intersecting at rash/sign change of ayanamsha also indicatethe 30-degree ayanamsha change based entirely on the tropical ephemeris dataanalysis.

JU/SU Opposit ion Chart

-1.00

0.00

1.00

2.00

3.00

4.00

5.00

6.00

7.00

-192

7

-176

1

-159

5

-1429

-126

3

-109

7-931

-765

-599

-433

-267

-101 65 23

1397

563

729

895

1061

1227

1393

1559

1725

1891

2057

2223

2389

2555

Years

DifferentialProgress

ion

Ar Ta Ge Cn Le Vi pi aq Sg Cp Sc libra P

LibraSc

i

Le

The values suggested arise from simple data analysis of the Tropical Zodiac andvalidate the Chitrapaksha ayanamsha concept with marginal corrections. This is only tobe accepted, since, the micro and macro movement cycles of Jupiter suggest the role ofChitra nakshatra at the boundary of Virgo/Libra as the "fixed pole" for measurements.The alignment of Jupiter with Chitra, its opposition with Sun at the Spring Equinox beingthe ZERO. The rate of precession being the time elapsed between 344 nirayaana-

adjusted conjunctions/opposition between Sun and Jupiter. For after this period, weonce again reach the same position of Sun being in exact opposition to Jupiter at zeroAries/Libra but not at the spring equinox since the zodiac has shifted from the Springequinox and Zero Aries is no longer coinciding with the equinox. They will coincideagain after 8600 years, being a third of the full zodiac at 120 degrees. Till they complete75 cycles in 25800 years or 24764 maybe more or less depending on the Jupiter cycleof the present 344 years.

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To conclude,

The successful derivation of the approximate value of the zero of the zodiac in

every 12-year from just the analysis of tropical values of Su/Ju

conjunctions/oppositions leads to the following conclusions:

1. The geocentric Jupiter movements with respect to Sun, particularly its conjunctionand opposition create definitions of years just like the movements of Moon withrespect to Sun create definitions of months. The very genesis of the boundariesand creation of Rashis originates from this cycle.

2. This Zero for signs/rashis is not linked to the equinox alone but the adjusted valueincluding the precession of the equinox factor. The basic cycle is of 344 years inwhich the Zero precesses by 288 minutes and Ju/Su return to almost the same pointin the precession-adjusted zodiac.

3. The rate of precession over this cycle is at present 288 minutes (4 Degrees 48minutes) per 344 years plus 5 days. This 344-year cycle comprises of 320

conjunctions of Sun/Jupiter and is being termed as the Ujjayini Cycle.4. A single Jupiter/Sun conjunction/opposition leads to a precession of around 54

minutes.5. 24000 conjunctions/oppositions of Sun/Jupiter lead to a full 360 degrees precession

over a present period of 25800 years but this could vary depending on the naturalcycles of Sun/Jupiter over the years.

6. The entire cycle would consist of 75 Ujjayini cycles of 344 years each with 25 cyclesover 8600 years will lead to a 120-degree precession.

7. Precession over a single rashi/sign would take 2150 years at the present rate.8. The most likely mathematical solution for Zero of the ayanamsha with respect to the

Tropical Zero is either at the Autumn Equinox of 273 AD at a Sun/Jupiter conjunction

at 29:13 Virgo (Tropical value) or the Vernal Equinox of 321 AD with a Sun /Jupiteropposition with Sun at 1 Aries and Jupiter at 1 Libra.

9. Without any reference to Chitra, the Chitrapaksha/ Lahiri ayanamsha getsapproximately validated. If the Zero is taken in 273, a correction of plus 9' 47'' isneeded and if taken at 321 AD vernal Equinox, the correction is minus 2957.

10. The correction would then be based on a progression of the Zero by 448 in every320 Su/Ju cycles in 344 years.

11. This would suggest at a correction of Lahiri minus 2957 in 321 AD, the

following ayanamsha values:

Year Proposedayanamsha

Lahiri ayanamsha Difference

22 March, 321 0-0-00 0-29-56.97 - 29-56.97

27 march, 665 4-48-00 5-16-8.2 -28-8.2

2 April, 1009 9-36-00 10-3-9.98 - 27-9.98

6 April, 1353 14-24-00 14-50-6.66 -26-6.66

11 April 1697 19- 12-00 19-38- 6.20 -26-6.20

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16 April, 2041 24-00-00 24-25-48.25 -25-48.25

21 April, 2385 28-48-00 29-14-47.60 -26-47.60

The rate of precession or Ayanamsha is being taken as 50.23-arc seconds/year, which

corresponds to a 25800-year cycle.

It is over to the mathematicians and software developers. More precision in thecalculations can perhaps with pinpoint accuracy fix the Zodiac at any given point of timeand provide a greater accuracy to the Chitrapaksha ayanamsha.

Millenniums ago, a single cycle of Jupiter scrutinized with care would have been goodenough to suggest the varying movement of Jupiter in different rashis, of the specialsignificance of Jupiter in Chitra nakshatra, of the progressions of opposition and themeasurement and rate of precession could have been observed as Drikaganita; ofwhat is visible and obvious and simple.

The sheer simplicity of measuring the precessional values; the elegant symphonic andsynchronised movements of the cycles over years is what nature has provided us andthe Lord of Time, Mahakaaleshwar has guided me to.

Before, I conclude this; I must express my gratitude to Shri PVR Narasimha Rao, thecreator of Jagannath Hora, without which this study could not have been possible. I amalso grateful to Shri Sanjay Rath whose lucid use of symbols in explaining Jyotishahelped me. Finally, I need to convey my thanks and regards to Shri Rohiniranjan, poet,philosopher, a veteran student of Jyotisha for forty years and a human being parexcellence with whom I interacted on this project for many months and despite hopeless

forays in many blind alleys his constant encouragement was a source of inspiration inthis effort.

Rishi Shukla.

16 August 2006

Krishnashtami, Bhadrapada,

2063

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The Resolving the Ayanamsha.xls file contains 11 data charts and 3 data graphs.An index of the data is as below:

Chart/Graph Contents

Chart 1 Illustrative annual Jupiter/Sun conjunction cycle in Taurus andLibra showing different speeds of Jupiter in different signs. (LahiriAyanamsha)

Chart 2 Illustrative 12-year cycle of Ju/Su conjunction corroboratingdifferent speeds of Jupiter in different rashis/signs. (LahiriAyanamsha)

Chart 3 Illustrative 83 year, showing conjunctions in successive years indifferent rashis; multiple synodic year cycle of Ju/Su conjunctionsshowing the repeating patterns. (Lahiri Ayanamsha)

Chart 4 Illustrative cycle over 200 years showing minimal differential

progression of the conjunctions on Virgo/ Libra. (LahiriAyanamsha)

Chart 5 Illustrative 344-year cycle being termed as Ujjayini cycleshowing the recurrence of Su/Ju values after 320 conjunctions.(Lahiri Ayanamsha)

Chart 6 10000 year data separated by 249/83 years of Su/Juconjunctions, showing visible patterns of varying differentials ofprogressions in different signs with lowest progression in the signthat holds the Zero of the Zodiac. (Tropical Ephemeris)

Chart 6 A Tropical values around 30 degree ayanamsha, 1843 BC to 1772BC demonstrating lowest progression in Virgo. (Tropical

Ephemeris)Chart 6 B Tropical values around +30 degree ayanamsha, 2473 to 2544

demonstrating lowest progression in Scorpio. (TropicalEphemeris)

Chart 7 Depicts data from 5183 BC to 5134 AD of Sun andJupiter conjunctions in a 344-year cycle period. Theayanamsha used is Lahiri and Lahiri29.57. The Zero

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point of the coincidence of the tropical and nirayaanazodiac is March 22, 321. An 8588-year cycle indicatinga 120-degree precession is shown distinctly.

Chart 8 Tropical values over 10000 years showing progression

differentials also.Chart 9 Tropical values from 279 to 5342 at 83 years interval symmetrical

ayanamsha change seen.

Chart 10 Tropical values from -4700 to 279 at 83 years intervalsymmetrical ayanamsha change seen.

Chart 11 Tropical values of Sun/Jupiter opposition from 1927 to 2555showing distinct points at 321 and ayanamsha at 30 and +30degrees.

Graph 1 Originating from Chart 9 showing unique intersections around the12-year 279 AD series mark. Also showing ayanamsha change at

15, 0, 45 and 60 degrees from just the tropical ephemeris dataanalysis of Sun/Jupiter conjunctions. Y-axis is Zero at theSun/Jupiter progression value of 30 degrees.

Graph 2 Originating from Chart 8 showing unique intersections around the12-year 279 AD series mark. Also showing ayanamsha changevarious points.

Graph 3 Originating from Chart 11, Sun/Jupiter opposition values over5000 years showing distinct ayanamsha changes intersection.

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Documents

Resolving the Ayanamsha