Reading

高三 Module 9 Unit 4

Warming up

How much do you know about plants?

DISCUSSION:Did you know that:1. some plants do not have flowers?2. some plants have roots that live in the air?3. some plants eat meat?4. some plants need animals to pollinate them?

5. some plants grow on other plants?6. plants are adapted to live in specific environments?7. people buy plants that come from other countries for their gardens?8. a new plant does not always grow from a seed?

1.Pine trees, cypress trees( 柏科树 ), ferns. mushrooms.2.Mangrove trees( 红树林 ).3.Venus flytrap.( 捕蝇草 )4.corn,grasses… (bees, flies, butterflies,birds…5.Fern growing in a tree.6.palms.

(Picture A) (Picture B)

(Picture D)(Picture C)7.tulips( 郁金香花 ) ,…

8.bamboo,strawberry, ….

Special plants

Pre-reading

Do you have a courtyard or some pot plants on your balcony? Do you know where these plants come from?Are they Chinese plants or do they come from another country?

When you last visited a public garden, did you look at the individual plants there? Were there any plants from other countries?

How do you think plants have traveled from one country to another?

Joseph Banks

Dr Nathaniel Ward

The Wardian case

Robert Fortune (1812-1880) represented the Horticultural Society of London (now the Royal Horticultural Society) as a collector in China shortly after the Treaty of Nanjing had brought the Opium War to a close. Through his use of the Wardian case, Fortune was able to introduce many of the best-known Chinese garden plants into cultivation in Europe and North America.

Père Paul Guillaume Farges (1844 - 1912)

French missionary and naturalist. Born at Monclar-de-Quercy, Tarn-et-Garonne. He was sent to China in 1867 and remained stationed in north-east Sichuan until 1903. Although he had always nurtured an interest in the local flora and fauna, it was not until 1892 that he started to collect herbarium specimens in earnest. During the eleven years before he moved south to Chongqing, he collected and preserved over 4,000 specimens.

Dove Tree

Ernest Henry Wilson (1876 - 1930)

Scan the title of the reading passage and the pictures and predict what it is about?Plant Exploration in

the 18th And 19th centuries

Skimming

Read the passage quickly and try to get the main idea of this passage

Reading

Scanning

T or F Questions:1. The plants in our garden grew in China originally. F2. The American Middle Classes took great interest in collecting new plants during the 18th and 19th centuries.

F

3. French Catholic missionaries were beginning to set themselves up in China by the middle of the 18th century.

4. After Father d’ Incarville died, some Tree of Heaven seeds were sent to England. F

5. Banks, together with James Cook, collected many examples of plants in Australia.

6. Keeping plants alive during long land or sea voyage was very difficult, which caused the Wardian Case to be invented.

7. Robert Fortune introduced over 120 species of plants to Western Gardens, because he could easily travel everywhere in China.

8. During the second half of the 19th century, many Catholic missionaries were sent to China, and they collected many seeds of plants, which were sent back to France.

F

Detailed reading:Try to get the main idea of each paragraph:

Para 1:

explains when plant collecting began.Para 2: describes when and where plant

collecting began on a large scale by Europeans.

Para 3: talks about French Catholic missionaries who collected plants in China in the 18th century.

Para 4: is about the famous British plant collector, Sir Joseph Banks, who collected many new plants in Australia.

Para 5: explains the problems of keeping plants alive on long trips.

Para 6:describes an experiment carried out by Dr Nathaniel Ward who invented a glass case in which to transport plants on long journeys.

Para 8: is about Father Farges, a French Catholic missionary who collected plants in China in the 19th century.

Para 7: is about Robert Fortune, a British plant collector who made several trips to China in the 19th century.

Para 9: Describes how many European plant collectors, such as E H Wilson, went to China so that new plants could be introduced to gardens in the West.

Structure:Part I: Para1-2 the beginning of

plant collecting

Part II: Para3-4 the explorationof plants in the 18th century

Part III:

Para 5-7 the invention and use of Wardian case

Part IV:Para 8-9 the exploration of plants in the 19th centry

Comprehending

Time People/plants Historic Events

In 1500 B.C

Father d’Incarville

sent ships to gather plants, animals and other goods

the Queen of Egypt

in the 1740s was sent to Beijing

tree of Heaven seeds

collected plants in Australia

In 1784 the Tree of Heaven tree

In 1751 arrived in England

In 1769 Sir Joseph Banks

was introduced into North America

In 1833 shipped two cases of British Plants to Sydney

Robert Fortune

During the second half of the 19th century

were sent to China from France

Nathaniel Ward

1843-1859 made several trips to China

many Catholic missionaries

Father Farges

collected a large quantity of the seeds of the Dove Tree in China

In 1897sent seeds of Dove TreeFrom China to France

In 1899 E H Wilson

Homework

1. Language points.2. Learning about language.