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De Randstad Monitor 2012
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IntroductionWith the constantly declining relevance of national borders and the expansion of Europe, competition between urban regions is rising. How is the Randstad Region performing? In the eight Randstad Monitor, the Randstad Region is compared with 19 other metropolitan regions in Europe. This is a short version of the monitor. Download the short version and the full report via randstadregion.eu.
3 airports
2 seaports
40,961 km of roads
1,077 km railways
8,287 km2 surface area
7,8 million inhabitants
4,3 million working population
FAC
TS
Report structureThis short version takes the following form.
Several general infographics are �rst presented
together with the key conclusions from the
Randstad Monitor. The most eye-catching facts
about rural areas under urban pressure,
knowledge and innovation and the sustainable
living environment are presented. Conclusions
and challenges are then linked to these subjects.
SummaryThe growth of GRP in the Randstad Region is
slowing down. In the period 2005-2009, GRP
grew relatively fast, placing the Randstad Region
in the upper echelons of metropolitan region
rankings. Between 2009 and 2011, the Randstad
Region has developed moderately. Disappointing
growth in the Randstad Region has been
attributed to domestic factors: stagnation
of the housing and real estate market, supple-
mented by problems in the �nancial sector. If the
Randstad Region wishes to remain competitive,
action will have to be taken in these areas.
Randstad RegionThe Randstad Region comprises the Provinces
Flevoland, Noord-Holland, Utrecht and
Zuid-Holland. The term Randstad Holland
broadly refers to the area of the �ve major cities
around the Green Heart.
Randstad Region
GeneralRandstad Region stands for strengthening the competitive position of the region in an integrated Europe and improving the quality of life of the Randstad Region. The competitiveness (wealth) and quality of life (welfare) of and in the region are central points of constant focus.
GRP 1995-2000
Ruhr +1.3%
Frankfurt/Main +2.4%
Berlin +0.7%
Hamburg +2.3%
Stockholm +6.0%
Munich +4.4%
Randstad Holland +4.2%
EU average +3.0%
GRP 2009-2011
Ruhr +4.1%
Frankfurt/Main +3.2%
Berlin +4.4%
Hamburg +2.9%
Stockholm +6.4%
Munich +2.3%
Randstad Holland +1.7%
EU average +1.9%
Gross Regional ProductIn 2011, Randstad Holland generated earnings
of more than € 241 billion, almost half of Dutch
GDP. The Randstad Region has a clear lead on
the rest of the Netherlands. In comparison to
Europe, another picture emerges. The GRP of
Stockholm, Berlin, Prague, the Ruhr conurbation
and Paris are growing faster. They have less
dif�culty with a stagnating housing market and
high mortgage debt or have implemented
restructuring programmes (Germany). The 20
European regions together generate a GRP of
€ 3.5 billion, or 30.6% of the EU27 total (€ 11.3
billion). The obvious conclusion is that Europe is
becoming urbanised.
The Randstad Region is lagging behind related to national stagnation on the labour market and housing market.
Employment in the Randstad Region is
shrinking, more rapidly than the GRP and
in relation to other European regions.
Employment development within the
Randstad Region is still intact, leading to
slower growth in labour productivity.
The Randstad Region appears to be
suffering from a correction of excess
lending. As a consequence, the Netherlands
is subject to reticent consumers and
uncertainty on the housing market.
Labour market stagnation
Housing market stagnation Water
28,125 jobs1.1% growth
Agro & Food344,172 jobs
2.8% growth
Logistics139,073 jobs
0.8% growth
Life Sciences & Health6,700 jobs
4.5% growth
Creative Industry 153,988 jobs
3.5% growth
Agriculture30,588 jobs
2.8% growth
Gro
wth
(199
6 -
2011
)
Energy12,648 jobs
0.4% growth
Hightech201,511 jobs
1% growth
Research & innovationEuropean policy through to 2020 is hallmarked by innovation focused on research and development. Research and innovation are priorities for the Randstad Region. The Randstad Monitor reveals that conditions are not favourable.
+4%
+3%
+2%
+1%
0%
-1%
-2%
Limited industry & knowledge There is industry in the Randstad. However,
innovative industry is shrinking and lagging
behind. In Randstad Holland, this sector
represents 4% as compared to an average of
10.5% in all EU regions, with 36% in
Copenhagen and 17% in Paris. High-end
industrial employment opportunities are also
shrinking and the share of knowledge-intensive
services at 5.2% is below the 6% average.
The level of knowledge of the Randstad
population is in line with the average for the
European regions: 0.24 low, 0.33 middle and
0.36 high educated making up the total of 1.0
in 2011.
Fact In December 2012, the European Parliament
approved a European patent.
Patent applications Patents are an indicator for the results generated
by efforts in innovation. Patent numbers in the
EU are falling.
Munich
Flemish Diamond
Randstad Holland
Lisbon
1,611
642
Ruhr conurbation 404
EU 20 regions 320
223
17
1.83% Randstad Holland
2.42% Average EU regions
3%EURO norm
Top sectors The Netherlands has identi�ed nine
top sectors. A number of top
sectors are overconcentrated in the
Randstad Region: logistics, creative
industry, life sciences & health,
water and head of�ces. These top
Chemistry25,510 jobs
1.7% growth
Investment in research & development The European standard for investment in knowledge
and innovation is 3% of GDP. In the 20 European
regions, the percentage is 2.42% of GRP, as
compared to 1.83% in the Randstad Region.
In effect, seen in the light of the major downturn in
GRP over the past few years, this means less
investment in the Randstad Region.
sectors depend on the urban environment
(agglomeration advantages, establishment
environment) and a good infrastructure (ports,
airports) in the Randstad Region. The creative
industry and life sciences & health are showing
fastest growth in long-term employment.
Sustainable living environmentThe Randstad Region aims to be a good living environment for its residents. A good, sustainable environment contributes to regional welfare. It also helps make the region sustainably competitive. Many sustainability issues are decided in Europe. The Randstad Region includes sustainability in decisions and initia-tives on economic developments in the region for boosting wealth.
CausesParticulates and nitrogen are sources of air
pollution emitted by traf�c and fuels from cars,
ships and industry.
SolutionsTackling pollution at source by promoting
cleaning fuels for cars and ships, electricity-
based mobility and cleaner industries. This is a
Randstad Region project in collaboration with
11 other European regions.
41 μg/m3
38 μg/m3
47 μg/m3 43 μg/m3
40 μg/m3
49 μg/m3
Flemish DiamondBelgium
BarcelonaSpain
Frankfurt MainGermany
LondonEngland
MilanItaly
RandstadHolland
Average EU Regions
61 μg/m3
Nitrogen dioxide NO2 Air pollution by nitrogen oxides in Randstad
Holland is in line with the European average fall
of 0.5% per year, in terms of both concentration
and volume.
31 μg/m3
23 μg/m3
Flemish DiamondBelgium
BarcelonaSpain
Frankfurt MainGermany
23 μg/m3
LondonEngland
MilanItaly
RandstadHolland
Average EU Regions
Particulate matter PM10 The PM concentration in Randstad Holland fell
in the period 2001-2010 slightly more than the
average of the 20 metropolitan regions (1.7%).
In 2010, however, the trend suddenly reversed,
as compared to a further fall in the other twenty
regions.
27 μg/m3
27 μg/m3
40 μg/m3
27 μg/m3
Onshore power for inland shipping
Seagoing ships with fuel oil
Clean energyIndustrial emission
< Euro5 engines > Euro6 engines
ConclusionPolicy at source delivers the
best results, for example,
implementing the polluter pays
principle, and cleaner fuels and
engines, as well as promoting
clean regional, national and
international transport.
Conclusion About usThe Randstad Region has little industry and few high tech establishments compared to other EU regions. Investments in knowledge and innovation are lagging behind. As a result, the Randstad Region has insuf�cient valorisation capacity, making it dif�cult to market knowledge and innovation. The Randstad Region above all deploys European investments in knowledge and innovation (future structural funds) for developments that contribute to a sustainable living environment.
What can we do about it?Improve the environmental quality of the Randstad Region as a contributor to wealth and welfare. The Randstad Region must continue to exercise in�uence in the Netherlands and Europe to improve its competitive position in Europe.
Randstad Region must focus on:
The Randstad Region conurbation has a great deal to offer Europe. Since 1993, the Randstad provinces (Flevoland, Noord-Holland, Utrecht and Zuid-Holland) have been cooperating closely, in Brussels. This cooperation was initiated following the recognition that each of the provinces has shared goals in Europe. The provinces have ef�ciently and structurally joined forces in order to achieve greater effectiveness and a clearer pro�le. The work approach of the European Commission, the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union after all offer numerous opportunities for in�uencing and lobbying. At the same time, the huge numbers of parties participating in this process make the joining of forces essential, in order to make one’s voice heard.
For the purposes of the cooperation, the commissioning party is the administrative consultative committee Randstad cooperation in Europe. This administrative consultative committee consists of the four members of the Provincial Executive responsible for European affairs. Europe, as such, however, is not a separate policy area. European policy after all affects many substantive portfolios; as a consequence, the members of the Provincial Executive with responsibility for European affairs are in favour of an integrated approach to Europe. Responsibility in terms of content is shared with the specialist Provincial Executive members in four priority �elds: future regional policy, research & innovation, sustainable living environment and rural areas under urban pressure.
Labourmarket
Housingmarket
Research &innovation
Nature16,000 ha
Urban22,000 ha
Agriculture6,200 ha
Rural areas under urban pressure
Population growth Population growth in the Randstad Region is
relatively high as compared to other metropolitan
regions.
This growth is dif�cult to explain. The population
is growing (7 million), unemployment is low as
is mobility. As a result, the growth in labour
productivity is lagging behind.
People are ‘fleeing’
the countrysidepopulation decrease
1.7%
averageEU Regions
+0.5%
averageNetherlands
averageRandstad
averageEU Regions
averageNetherlands
averageRandstad
+0.5%+0.8%
averageEU Regions
averageNetherlands
averageRandstad
+2.3% +1.2% +1.3%
Labour participation Growth in labour participation in the Randstad
Region has slowed down as compared to
previous years and other European regions, but
is still high.
AccessibilityAccessibility is essential to the vitality of the
region and rural surroundings. Mobility links work
and home. The Randstad Region offers excellent
access. Within �ve hours, 184 million people can
Points for improvement The environmental quality of the Randstad
Region must be improved as a key contributor to
wealth and welfare in the region. Good welfare
means a good quality of life for residents, and
enough ‘green space’ helps improve the urban
establishment climate.
Although agriculture is important, in 2011, trade
and transport were the economic drivers in the
Randstad Region.
101.2 million
46.8 million
36.2 million
Economic value of sectors Economic development in the Randstad Region
is mainly in the tertiary sector. As the world’s
third exporter of agricultural goods, the primary
sector is vital to the Netherlands.
78.3% 78.4%70%
Labour productivity Labour productivity is an indicator for wealth now
and in the future. Because the labour market is
locked up tight, there is little employee mobility.
As a result, growth in labour productivity in the
Randstad Region is lagging behind.
Non-profit services
Trade and Transport
Industry
Construction
Agriculture
Commercial services
Serious shrinkage in rural areas
The rural environment must remain open, for example
via economically-viable agriculture, to ensure the vitality
of rural areas in the Randstad Region. Pressure on rural
areas must be reduced because ‘green space’
contributes to the quality of life of local residents and
makes the region more attractive and competitive.
Typical of the Randstad Region is the continuous interaction between urbanagglomerations and their rural surroundings. Vitality of rural areas in an urban environment, the peri-urban areas, is essential for maintaining economically-viable agriculture and upholding a good quality of life for people living in the region.
40,961 km road network1,077 km railway network 12,300 km cycle paths 2,749 km waterways of which 2,030 km of economic importance
FORSALE
36%
24%
21%
11%
6%
2%
be reached from the region by road, rail and air.
Only the Ruhr conurbation, the Flemish Diamond
and Frankfurt/Main are more accessible.
1995 2012
115%
97% 38,5%
House Price Index (2005 = 100%)
In 2005, 206,629 houses were sold.
In 2011, 120,737.