Presentation Scientific Management[1]

8/11/2019 Presentation Scientific Management[1]

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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENTSCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENTFrederick Winslow Taylor

Jo Anne Eliana Moreno Yepes

Leonardo Andrs Velsquez Rivas

Sebastin Vanegas

Oscar Bernal Lozano

Professional Modern Languages8AN


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According to Fredrick Winslow

Taylor, "Scientific management

means knowing exactly what you

want men to do and seeing that

they do it in the best and the

cheapest way."

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT


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RELEVANT DATES AND STUDIES

Frederick Winslow Taylor (March 20, 1856 March 21,

1915)

Frederick studied for two years in France and Germany,

in 1872 he entered to the Phillips Exeter Academy.

In 1874 Taylor passed the Harvard examinations with

honors - rapidly deteriorating eyesight.

(Time clerk, journeyman machinist, gang boss over the

lathe hands, machine shop foreman, research director,

and finally chief engineer of the works).


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IMPORTANT ASPECTS AND OTHERSTUDIES

He won the first tennis doubles tournamentthe precursor of the US Open.

He studied via correspondence obtaining a degree in mechanical

engineering.

He opened his independent consulting practice in Philadelphia.

In 1911 Taylor introduced The Principles of Scientific Management paper to

the American.

Mechanical Engineering Society, eight years after he introduced the Shop

Management paper.


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TAYLOR'S FOUR PRINCIPLES

Taylor's Four Principles:

1. Principle of Planning: Develop a science

for each element.

2. Principle of Preparation: Scientifically

select and then train, teach, and develop theworkman.


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3. Principle of Control: Heartily cooperate

with the men so as to insure all of the workbeing done in accordance with the principles

of the science which has been developed.

4. Principle of Execution Performance:

There is an almost equal division of the work

and the responsibility between the

management and the workmen.


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Approach: It is a systematic, analytical andobjective approach to solve industrial problems.

Economy:The basis of scientific management is

economy.

A Definite plan: The main characteristic of

scientific management is that before starting andwork there must be a definite plan before as and

the work is to be done strictly according to that

plan.

Discards old methods: It discards the age old

methods of rule of thumb and hit or miss

approaches.

Emphasis: It lays emphasis on all factors of

production, men, material and technology.

MAIN CHARACTERISTICSOF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT


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Techniques: It implies scientific techniques in methods of work,

recruitment, selection and training of workers. Attempts:It attempts to develop each man to his greatest efficiency

and prosperities.

Method: It attempts to discover the best method of doing a work at

the cheapest cost.

A definite Aim:Scientific management is the process of organizing,directing, conducting and controlling human activities.

Changes in attitude: It involves a complete change in the mental

attitude of workers as well as the management.

A Set of Rules:There must be a set of rules in accordance with the

laid plan so that the objectives can be achieved.


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Techniques Operator rationalization of work by time and

motion study.

Payment of higher wages and lower production costs.

Scientific methods, standardized operational controlprocesses.

Employees must be brought to jobs where working

conditions are adequate.

Employees must be trained in the execution of the

task to improve their attitudes. Establish an intimate and friendly atmosphere, to

ensure continuity of the psychological environment.

FIRST PERIOD.


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The rationalization of work should be supported by a

general structure of the company to give consistency to the

application of its principles.

Systematic loafing: Workers reduce production to

prevent wage reduction.

management had little knowledge as to the time and

activities.

Lacked uniformity in methods and / or technical jobs.

Scientific management is a theory that evolution, whose

ingredients are 75% to analysis and 25% to commonsense.

SECOND PERIOD.


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Science rather than empiricism;

harmony instead of discord;

cooperation rather than individualism;

maximum performance instead of

reducedproduction.


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(ORT) RATIONAL LABOUR

ORGANIZATIONDivision of

labor

Authority

Discipline

Remuneration

Common

good

Control unit

Centralization

Hierarchy

Order

Spirit of

working

Initiative

Personal

stability

EquityUnit direction


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ADAM SMITH

Economist, Political

Scientist, Educator, Philosopher, Schol

arand Journalist (c. 17231790).

While his exact date of birth isntknown, Adam Smiths baptism was

recorded on June 5, 1723, in Kirkcaldy,

Scotland. He attended the Burgh

School, where he studied Latin,

mathematics, history and writing.


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PROFESSIONAL LIFE

In 1748, Adam Smith began

giving a series of public

lectures at the University of

Edinburgh. Through these

lectures, in 1750 he met andbecame lifelong friends with

Scottish philosopher and

economist David Hume. This

relationship led to Smith'sappointment to the Glasgow

University faculty in 1751.


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In 1759 Smith published The Theory ofMoral Sentiments, a book whose main

contention is that human morality dependson sympathy between the individual andother members of society.


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THE WEALTH OF NATIONS

After toiling for nine years, in

1776 Smith published An Inquiry

into the Nature and Causes of theWealth of Nations (usually

shortened to The Wealth of

Nations), which is thought of as

the first work dedicated to thestudy of political economy.


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THEORY

Adam Smith argues that it was market forces that

ensured the production of the right goods and

services. This would happen because producers

would want to make profits by providing them.Without government intervention, thus forming a

laissez-faire Look up Laissez-faire in glossary

environment, public well-being would increase

from competition organizing production to suit thepublic.


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FOLLOWERS OF THE SCIENTIFIC THEORY OFTAYLOR AND HIS MAIN CONTRIBUTIONS

HENRY FORDFRANK BUNCKER GILBRETHHENRY LAURENCE GANTT


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HENRY LAURENCE GANTT(MARYLAND 1861 NEW YORK 1919)

American mechanical engineer and

management consultant, who is bestknown for developing the Gantt Chart


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FRANK BUNCKER GILBRETH(FAIRFIELD 1868 LAKAWANNA 1924)

He was an early advocate of

scientific management and

pioneer of motion study

He and his wife studied the

movements that made masons in

construction, so that they created

ways to make their job easier


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HENRY FORD(MICHIGAN 1863 1947)

Ford Motor Company

manufactured simple and

inexpensive cars

The Assembly line

Massive Consumption


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Presentation Scientific Management[1]