Assessment of Enterobacteriaceae Found in Juices Sold at Cagayan National Highschool and Cagayan State University-Andrews Campus

CHAPTER I

A.Background of the Study

B.Objectives

C.Significance of the Study

D.Scope and Delimitation

Records of PHO and CVMC show that there has been an increase in occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae-induced diseases.

One factor that may be associated to the increase in number of cases is the continuous increase in the number of stalls and stores with inadequate sanitation

The researchers will examine the presence of Enterobacteriaceae in juice drinks, rather than in solid foods

A. Background of the Study

Juice drinks will be taken from stalls and stores located within and nearby CSU-AC and CNHS

If proven that Enterobacteriaceae exists in the juices, the researchers will determine if factors (other than hand washing) such as source of water, environmental condition, etc. may be the reason for the presence of the said organism in the juice drink

It is therefore the researchers aim to prove that the growing number of stores and stalls is indeed associated to the increased cases of Enterobacteriaceae-induced diseases

A. Background of the Study

General Objective: The study aims to determine the presence of Enterobacteria in juices sold at Cagayan National Highschool and Cagayan State University-Andrews Campus.

B. Objectives

1. Identify the different species of Enterobacteria such as E.coli, S. typhosa and S. dysenteriae

present in juices sold by stores and stalls at Cagayan National Highschool and Cagayan State University-Andrews Campus.

Specific Objectives:

2. Compare the occurrence of the different Enterobacteria species.

B. Objectives

3. Determine the factors associated to the occurrence of the different Enterobacteria species4. Determine the extent of the vendor’s knowledge, practices, attitude towards proper sanitation and food handling

Department of HealthJuice VendorsStudents of CSU-AC and CNHS

Other consumers

C. Significance of the Study

The ResearchersFuture Student Researchers

C. Significance of the Study

Enterobactericeae species:Salmonella typhosaShigella dysenteriaeEscherichia coli

Stalls and stores within the vicinity of 30 meter radius from CNHS and CSU-AC

Samples to be examined will be juice drinks that are manually prepared by the vendor regardless of its flavor, type (whether powdered or natural fruit juice) and source of water

D. Scope and Delimitation

From a total of 30 stalls and stores, only 23 will be chosen from which samples will be taken and the vendors of each will be used as respondents to the questionnaires that will be administered.

Three replications will be carried outMcConkey Agar will be the culture media

usedIMVIC Reaction will be the biochemical

test applied

D. Scope and Delimitation

A. Paradigm

B. Conceptual Framework

CHAPTER II

a. Juices sold by stores and stalls

b. Water sourcec. Sanitationd. Vendor’s

hygienee. Food handlingf.

Environmental condition

A. The Paradigm

Growth of Enterobactriaceae in McConkey Agar

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

The presence of bacteria in food and water that every individual consumes could bring about undesirable effects such as diseases. Therefore, correct hand washing and proper food handling should be observed to eliminate the occurrence of these food borne diseases. Since most of food handlers or vendors are not well-educated regarding proper sanitation and proper hygiene, it is expected that their knowledge, practices and attitude contribute greatly to the transmission of Enterobacteria.

B. Conceptual Framework

The paradigm shows both dependent and independent variables of which the factors such as juices, water source, sanitation, vendor’s hygiene, food handling, and environmental condition could bring about the growth of Enterobacteria in the culture media. Moreover, once proven that Enterobacteria are indeed present in any of the juices, it is assumed that consumers of such juices are at great risk of acquiring Enterobacteria-induced diseases; and it is also assumed that the environmental sanitation, and orientation of the vendor with regards to proper sanitation is unsatisfactory.

B. Conceptual Framework

A. Research Design

B. Locale of the Study

C. Research Instrumentation

D. Respondents and Sampling Method

E. Collection and Processing of Data

F. Statistical Tools For Data Analysis

CHAPTER III

Descriptive-evaluative

A. Research Design

This study will be conducted at Cagayan State University-Andrews Campus at the clinical laboratory of the College of Medical Technology

B. Locale of the Study

For bacterial cultureFor IMVIC Reaction

Spot Indole Test Methyl Red TestVoges-Proskauer TestCitrate Test

Questionnaire

C. Research Instrumentation

For Respondents: Non-probability Sampling DesignPurposive Sampling Method

For Juice Samples: Probability Sampling DesignSimple Randomization Method

D. Respondents and Sampling Method

Slovin’s Formula

n=N/[1+N(e) 2]

D. Respondents and Sampling Method

For the first three chapters:Letter to:

Provicial Health Office (PHO)Cagayan Valley Medical Center

(CVMC)

Counting of stores and stallsSlovin’s Formula

E. Collection and Processing of Data

For the Succeeding ChaptersLabeling of the stores and stalls with the

use of numbersPurchasing of juice drinks as samplesTesting of Samples

Measuring of sampleCulturingBiochemical testMotility testing (Salmonella typhosa and

Shigella dysenteriae)

E. Collection and Processing of Data

Analysis of Variance

Descriptive Statistics

Rank

F. Statistical Tools

THE END

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