presentation 25[1xd]

8/7/2019 presentation 25[1xd]

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/presentation-251xd 1/24

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SURVEYING AND MAPPING

HYDERABAD

PRESENTATION ON:-

remote SENSING Sensors

By:- Saurabh singhm.tech .– 1st year



Remote SeNsing

“Science” and “art” of acquiring information (spectral, spatial, temporal)

about material objects, area, or phenomenon.

Without coming into physical contact with the object.

“In remote sensing”, information transfer is accomplished by use of

electromagnetic radiation (EMR).

A satellite with remote sensors to observe the earth is called RS satellite,

or EO satellite.

Remote-Sensing

Satellites are

characterized by

their

Altitude,

Orbit and

Sensor.





…. continued

What is a sensor?

Sensor is device

Gathers energy

Convert into another suitable form of

signal

Information about object isobtained



…. continued

What sensors consist of ? Each sensor have-Optical system, Detector and Signalprocessor.

For Optical-mechanical sensor -

Physically moving mirrors or lenses

Analog signal Digital signal

For Charge – coupled sensor -

Light sensitive material embedded in a Si chip.

Manufactured to be very as small as 1µm.

Sensitive to visible and near IR radiation.

Sensor consist of linear array of CCD also 2D arrays (1000

separate sensors).



…. continued

How sensors perform or work (operate) ?

Light energy

Limited time

Exposure of

CCD

SENSOR

Charge –coupled sensor

sun

Information is read



…. continuedTypes sensors(in detail) ?

1) Depending upon the source of energy

continued…..



…. Continued Types sensors(in detail) ?1) Depending upon the source of energy

Active Sensor

Own source of energy.

Not depend external source of energy.

Work day and night.

Un-seasonal.

Eg. Radar, Altimeter,Laserscanner(Lidar)

Passive Sensor

Not have own source of energy.

Depend on external energy.

Seasonal.

Work in day only.

Best time 10:30 AM – 2:30PM.

Eg. Radiometre,Thermal Scanner,Image spectrometer,AerialPhotogrametry.



…. continued

Types sensors(in detail) ?2) Depending upon the optical setup for imagingsensor

SensorTypes

ImagePlane

ObjectPlane



…. Continued

Types sensors(in detail) ?3) Depending upon the scanning system.

Sensor Types

WhiskbroomScanner

PushbroomScanner



…. Continued


a)Whiskbroom or Cross-track Scanner(Single Detector)The essential components are

1) a light gathering telescope.

2) appropriate optics (e.g., lens).

3) a mirror.4) spectroscope to break the

incoming radiation into spectral

intervals.

5) a means to direct the light so

dispersed onto an array or bank of

detectors.

6) an electronic means to sample the

photo-electric effect.

7) a recording component.



…. Continued


b)Pushbroom or Along-track Scanner(Array of Detector)The IFOV of each detector sweeps a path

parallel with the flight direction

The essential components are

1)small sensitive detectors stacked sideby side appropriate optics (e.g., lens)

2) no mirror.

3) detector is a charge-coupled device .

4) pixels that will eventually make up the

image .

5) an electronic means to sample the

photo-electric effect.

6) a recording component.

Eg. Landsat Multispectral Scanner.



…. Continued



Some Examples of Sensors

RESOURCESAT-2: It will have imaging sensors similar to RESOURCESAT-1.

RESEOURCESAT-3: it carry more advanced LISS-III-WS (Wide Swath) Sensor.

OCEANSAT-3: Oceasat-3 would carry Thermal IR Sensor, 12 channel OceanColor Monitor,

and Passive Microwave Radiometer.



M X C

•Fundamentalbuilding block of S.M.

•The StarcoreDSP at centreperformsall signal

protocols.•Initialarchitectureused ARM1136

core processor,



Seamless MobilityTechnology

• The Wireless Networks.

• System Security

Mechanisms.

• Connectivity Modules.

Various technologies work together to form a seamless network



Wireless Network Technologies

1. Wireless Wide Area Networks Eg. are Cellular & emerging

broadband WANs like WiMax (802.16),

PSTN, internet. WiMax provides network coverage

upto a distance of 30 miles at 70mbps.2.Wireless LANs

Eg. is IEEE 802.11. These enable QoS for laptops, higher data

throughput & inter-access point handoffs.



3. Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

• Don’t require any pre-existing infrastructure• Network is created at the consent of 2

terminals to communicate.

• Networks formed are Piconet & Mesh Network.

SYSTEM SECURITY MECHANISMS

• The Privacy Mechanism.• Cryptography.• Authentication.



Heterogeneous Networks

High-tier

Low-tier

Satellite

High Mobility Low MobilityWide Area

Regional Area

Local Area



CONNECTIVITY MODULES

• Global Positioning System.

• Streaming Services.

• Direct Video Broadcast forhandhelds (DVB-H).





Defining the Future… Seamless Mobility

At Home In the Auto

At WorkOut in the World

living

d r i vi ng

working

mo ving



CONCLUSION

• Creates ability to gain wirelessaccess and from e-appliancessensors, alarms .

• Connected anywhere anytime,and

with any thing .

• Continuously connected to relevantcontent .



QUESTIONS ?

Documents

presentation 25[1xd]