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OBJECTIVE ONE: WHAT LED TO EUROPEAN EXPLORATION Desire for new sources of wealth (main reason) Trade of spices and luxury goods from Asia Introduced during the crusades fought between
Christians and Muslims After the crusades Europeans still wanted spices
EUROPEANS SEEKING NEW TRADES ROUTES Desire for new sources of wealth main reason for
exploration. Trade of spices and other luxury goods from Asia was
what merchants and traders hoped to profit from. Types of spices demanded were; nutmeg, ginger,
cinnamon, and pepper because they added flavor to food.
Asians Muslims Italians Other Europeans
Early Portuguese explorer The first European to sail around
the southernmost tip of Africa Set sail in 1487 His voyage opened the saw route
to Asia through the Atlantic & Indian Ocean
He was the last at sea when he reached the Cape of Good Hope
“To serve God and His Majesty to give light to those who are in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to do.”
BARTOLOMEU DIAS
CHRISTIANITY AND EXPLORATION
Desire to spread Christianity also motivated Europeans to explore
European countries believed they were obliged to convert non-Christians around the world
Not only did they wants goods from Asia they also hoped to convert them.
OBJECTIVE TWO: PORTUGAL’S DISCOVERY OF A SEA ROUTE TO ASIA Prince Henry took lead Began in 1415 Where he helped conquer Muslim city in North Africa.
That’s when it all started he got a glimpse at it and found gold and many more spices that he could use back at home.
PRINCE HENRY
Called the navigator, the son of Portugal’s King,
Consumed by the quest to find new lands and spread Christianity
Used his own fortune to organize voyages
He died in debt The Portuguese spent crown
spent more than 60 years paying of his debts.
Helped conquer the Muslim city of Ceuta in North Africa
VASCO DE GAMA
Portuguese explorer Commander of the first
ships to sail directly from Europe to India
He filled his ships with spices like pepper and cinnamon and returned in 1499
His voyage of 27,000 miles gave Portugal a direct sea route to India
PORTUGAL’S TRADING EMPIRE
Portugal built a trading empire throughout the Indian Ocean
In 1509, Portugal took control of the spice trade from the Muslim merchants
Portugal broke the old Muslim-Italian domination on trade from the East, to the benefit of the Europeans. Portuguese merchants brought back Asian goods at about one-fifth of the price compared to the cost when purchased through the Arabs and Italians. As a result, items were more affordable for more Europeans
OBJECTIVE THREE: THE RIVALRY BETWEEN SPAIN AND PORTUGAL AND HOW THE POPE RESOLVED IT Spain was jealous of Portugal because of how advanced
they were becoming. So they also wanted a direct route to Asia.
Tried to compete in Africa and Asia but they couldn’t then Columbus accidently found America.
Portuguese were worried that Spain had found Asia and tensions got worse
Pope Alexander VI made the Treaty of Tordesillas
FERDINAND MAGELLAN
Portuguese explorer He worked under King
Charles I of Spain to find a westward route to the Spice Islands.
He led the first expedition to cross the Pacific Ocean and to circumnavigate the world.
TREATY OF TORDESILLAS
Signed on June 7, 1494. It divided all of the lands
outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal.
The line of demarcation was made halfway between the Cape Verde islands and the islands discovered by Christopher Columbus.
TECHNOLOGY/TOOLS IN EXPLORATION Advance in technology New Vessel called Caravel adopted from the Arabs.
Triangular sails for maneuverability and square sails for power.
Used the astrolabe to better their
location and direction. A Chinese
invention that Muslims perfected
PORTUGUESE IN AFRICA
In 1415, Prince Henry conquered the city of Ceuta in North Africa
In Ceuta, the Portuguese found pepper, cinnamon, cloves, and other spices as well as gold, silver, and jewels.
In 1460, the Portuguese had established trading posts along western Africa’s shores.
Eventually, they began to trade African captives to be used as slaves
PORTUGUESE IN BRAZIL
In 1500, Cabral claimed the land of Brazil for Portugal. The colonists began settling Brazil’s costal region in the
1530s. The settlers began to grow sugar on giant sugar
plantations. Europe had a high demand for sugar In time, the colonists pushed farther west into Brazil,
giving them even more land for the production of sugar.
WORKS CITED
"Bartolomeu Dias." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 Apr. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bartolomeu_Dias>.
"Prince Henry of Portugal." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_Henry_of_Portugal>.
"Vasco De Gama." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 03 Jan. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasco_de_gama>.
"Treaty of Tordesillas." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_tordesillas>.
"Ferdinand Magellan." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Feb. 2012. Web. 05 Mar. 2012. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_magellan>.
Beck, Roger B. World History: Patterns of Interaction. Evanston, IL: McDougal Littell, 2009. Print.