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PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK

PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK · 1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate

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Page 1: PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK · 1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate

PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK

Page 2: PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK · 1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate

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1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate door. Jadual 1 menunjukkan kod senang-ingat bagi sistem kawakan PLC yang mengawal pintu pagar sekolah secara otomatik

Mnemonic Code Data I/O

LDNOT 00000 Stop push button Punatekan henti

LD 00001 Start push button Punatekan hidup

OR 01000 Normally open contact Sesentuh lazim buka

ANDLD

ANDNOT 01001

OUT 01000 Pilot lamp Lampu pandu

LD 01000

TIM 001

#0300

LD TIM001

OR 01001

OUT 01001 Gate Motor Motor pagar

END

Table 1

Jadual 1 Based on Table 1 :

Berdasarkan Jadual 1 : a) Explain the control operation of the PLC.

Terangkan operasi kawalan PLC itu. [ 4 marks ] [4 markah]

(b) Complete the connection of the ladder diagram in Appendix A. Lengkapkan sambungan rajah tangga di Lampiran A.

[16 marks ] [16 markah]

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Appendix A Lampiran A

Nama/ Name : ……………………………………. Tingkatan / Form : ………….

END

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2. Figure 2 shows the circuit of an alarm system. Appendix B shows a copper strip board fitted with switch S1 and a speaker.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan satu litar penggera. Lampiran B menunjukkan papan jalur kuprum yang telah dipasang dengan suis S1 dan pembesar suara.

Figure 2 Rajah 2

(a) On the diagram in Appendix B:

Pada gambar rajah di Lampiran B:

(i) Sketch the components required for the circuit in Figure 2. Lakarkan komponen yang diperlukan untuk litar di Rajah 2. (ii) Show on the diagram all the connections required to complete the circuit. Tunjukkan pada gambar rajah semua sambungan untuk melengkapkan Litar itu. (iii) Label all the components on the diagram. Labelkan semua komponen pada gambar rajah itu.

[14 marks] [14 markah]

(b) Explain the procedures to determine the condition of capacitor C3 using a multimeter.

Terangkan prosedur untuk menentukan keadaan pemuat C3 dengan menggunakan meter pelbagai.

[6 marks]

[6 markah]

Page 5: PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK · 1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate

LAMPIRAN B

Nama: ............................................................................................ Tingkatan.....................................................................

Sambungkan antara dua titik

di papan jalur

Tanda di mana jalur

kuprum dipotong

+12V

-0V

S1

P.S.

Page 6: PENGAJIAN KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK · 1. Table 1 shows a mnemonic code of a control system that uses a Programmable Logic Controller to automatic control the school gate

3. Figure 3 shows a DC circuit. Silicon diode is used. Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu litar AT. Diod silikon digunakan.

D1 R1

A Suis B

220Ω

R5 1.5kΩ 12V R4 R2 80Ω

280Ω

D2 R3

100Ω

D3

Figure 3 Rajah 3

(a) When switch S is connected to B, calculate:

Bila suis S disambung pada B, hitung:

(i) the total resistance of the circuit, RT jumlah rintangan dalam litar, RT

(ii) the current in R1 arus pada R1

(iii) the voltage drop across R4, VR4 susutan voltan merentasi R4, VR4

(iv) the total power dissipated in the circuit, PT jumlah kuasa dilesapkan dalam litar, PT

[12 marks] [12 markah]

(b) When switch S is connected to A, calculate: Bila suis S disambung pada A, hitung:

(i) the total current (IT) in the circuit jumlah arus (IT) dalam litar

(ii) the voltage drop across R5, VR5 susutan voltan merentasi R5, VR5

(iii) the voltage drop across R5, if diode D2 is replaced with diode D3, susutan voltan merentasi R5, sekiranya diod D2 diganti dengan diod D3.

[8 marks]

[8 markah]

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4. Figure 4 shows a RLC circuit. Rajah 4 menunjukkan satu litar RLC

Calculate: Hitungkan:

(a) Total capacitance, CT in the circuit

Jumlah kemuatan keseluruhan, CT dalam litar (b) If switch is closed, calculate the value of :

Sekiranya suis S ditutup, hitung nilai : i) Inductive reactance, XL

Regangan berkearuhan, XL

ii) Capacity reactance, XCT Regangan berkemuatan, XCT

iii) Impedance, Z

Galangan, Z

iv) Line current, IT Arus talian, IT

v) Power factor, cos θ

Faktor kuasa, kos θ

[18 marks] [18 markah]

(c) Sketch and label an impedance triangular vector diagram.

Lakar dan label rajah vektor segitiga galangan. [2 marks]

[2 markah]

C2

33µF

S

240V

50 Hz

60mH

R

IT

50 Ω

L

C1

67µF

Figure 4 Rajah 4

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5(a) Figure 5(a) shows two intrinsic semiconductor materials A and B doped with different amount of impurities.

Rajah 5(a) menunjukkan dua bahan separuh pengalir hakiki A dan B yang didopkan dengan jumlah bendasing yang berlainan.

Material A Material B Bahan A Bahan B

Figure 5(a) Rajah 5(a)

(i) State which material has better conductivity. Nyatakan bahan mana yang mempunyai sifat kealiran arus yang lebih baik.

[2 marks]

[2 markah] (ii) Give reasons for your answer in (a). Berikan alasan bagi jawapan anda di (a).

[2 marks]

[2 markah]

(iii) After the intrinsic semiconductor material A is doped, the resulted material is

known as the N-type material. Explain how N-type material is formed. Setelah bahan separuh pengalir hakiki A didop, bahan yang terhasil dikenali sebagai bahan jenis N. Terangkan bagaimana bahan jenis N terhasil.

[5 marks]

[5 markah]

1010

impurities atom per cm3

1010

atom bendasing per cm3

1012

impurities atom per cm 3

1012

atom bendasing per cm 3

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(b) Figure 5(b) shows a Lamp Control Circuit that uses the component constructed from the combination of N-type material and P-type material.

Rajah 5(b) menunjukkan Litar Kawalan Lampu yang menggunakan komponen yang dibina daripada gabungan bahan N dan bahan P.

Figure 5(b) Rajah 5(b)

i) Name the component in the box labelled M and draw the symbol of the component. Namakan komponen di dalam kotak yang berlabel M dan lukiskan simbol komponen itu. [2 marks] ii) Name the terminals labelled X, Y and Z. Namakan tamatan-tamatan yang berlabel X, Y dan Z. [3 marks]

iii) Complete Table 2 by stating the effects to the lamp according to the position of the switches. Lengkapkan Jadual 2 dengan menyatakan kesan terhadap lampu mengikut kedudukan suis-suis:

Kedudukan suis Position of switch Kesan Pada Lampu, L

Effect on Lamp, L Switch 1 Suis 1

Switch 2 Suis 2

On Off

Off On

On On

Table 2 Jadual 2

[3 marks] [3 markah]

iv) Give the reason for your answer in (b)(iii). Berikan alasan jawapan anda di (b)(iii).

[3 marks] [3 markah]

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6. Figure 5 shows a 12V DC battery is connected to the various type of load as shown in Table 2. After switch is on, various problem occur to the circuit or to the load. Rajah 5 menunjukkan satu bateri 12 AT disambung pada beberapa jenis beban, lihat Jadual 2. Selepas suis dihidupkan, beberapa masalah berlaku pada litar atau beban itu.

Figure 2 Rajah 2

Type of Load Problem after switch is on

A resistor Fuse blow Fius putus

A bulb The bulb glow in a short period then burnt out Lampu menyala selepas itu terbakar

Two bulb Both of the bulb glow but to dim Kedua-dua lampu menyala tapi malap

A LED and a 1kΩ resistor LED not glow

LED tidak menyala

Table 2 Jadual 2

i) State the causes of the problem.

Nyatakan sebab masalah itu berlaku.

ii) How to solve each the problem? Describe. Bagaimanakah untuk mengatasi setiap masalah itu? Huraikan.

[12 marks] [12 markah]

VB=12V

Fius

0.5A

Suis

L1

5w, 6V

R1=1KΩ L2

L3

R1=1KΩ

LED

5W, 5W 12V 12V

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b) A 12V DC motor is connected to the circuit as shown in Figure 6. Sebuah motor 12 VAT disambung pada litar itu, lihat Rajah 6.

Figure 6 Rajah 6

When switch is on the motor rotate clockwise. Apabila suis dihidupkan motor berputar ikut arah jam.

i) State 3 methods to change the rotation of the motor. Nyatakan 3 kaedah untuk menukar arah putaran motor.

ii) You were given 2 micro switches. Built a control circuit so that the motor can be controlled in both direction. Sketch your control circuit in Appendix B. Anda di beri 2 switch mikro, bina litar kawalan supaya motor boleh dikawal pada kedua-dua arah. Lakarkan litar kawalan anda di Lampiran B.

[8 marks]

[8 markah]

Figure 6 Rajah 6

Figure 6 Rajah 6

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Appendix B

Lampiran B

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7. a) Figure 7 shows two fans to install in the new room. Rajah 7 menunjukkan dua jenis kipas yang hendak dipasang di dalam sebuah bilik yang baru di bina.

Kipas A

Spesifikasi :

Voltan : 230 V AC

Kuasa pusingan per. minit : 1200 (psm)

Saiz Garis Pusat bilah : 16 inci

Berat : 1.35 kg

Pemegang : PVC

Jumlah Bilah : 3

Kos : RM 235.00

Kelajuan : 5 speed

Kipas B

Spesifikasi :

Voltan : 230 V AC

Kuasa pusingan per. minit : 1700 (psm)

Saiz Garis Pusat bilah : 17 inci

Berat : 1.75 kg

Pemegang : Besi Campuran

Jumlah Bilah : 4

Kos : RM 165.00

Kelajuan : 6 speed

Figure 7 Rajah 7

Based on the specifications and figure 7 given, you are required to choose one type of fan that is suitable for the room.

Berdasarkan kepada rajah 7 dan spesifikasi. Anda dikehendaki memilih satu jenis kipas yang paling sesuai untuk bilik tersebut.

Describe five reasons to support your choice. Huraikan 5 faktor yang dapat menyokong pemilihan anda.

[11 marks] [11 markah]

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b) Figure 8 shows two types of control circuit it used for control the fan into car

radiator system. Rajah 8 menunjukkan dua litar kawalan bagi mengawal motor yang digunakan

sebagai kipas radiator di dalam kereta.

Circuit A Litar A

Circuit B Litar B

Figure 8 Rajah 8

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i) Circuit B is more efficient than circuit A Litar B lebih cekap daripada litar A State five criteria to support the statement Senaraikan lima kriteria yang menyokong pilihan anda.

[5 marks] [5 markah]

ii) Describe two criteria that your given at 7(b)i. Terangkan dua kriteria yang anda beri pada 7(b)i.

[4 marks] [4 markah]