PCD Objective 3.02 Prenatal Developmen t Pre= _ Natal=

PCDObjective 3.02 Prenatal Development

Pre= _______

Natal=______

TERMS• Egg (ovum)

• female cell needed for reproduction

• Uterus – • Fallopian Tube• Ovary• Cervix• Vagina

http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/bodybasics_female_repro.html

FALLOPIAN TUBE• Pair of tubes connecting the egg from the ovary to the uterus.

OVULATION

Once a month a woman’s egg is released from the ovaries

HORMONESChemicals in the body that cause changes

UTERUS • Organ in a woman’s body where a baby develops during pregnancy.

TERMSSperm

• male cell needed for reproduction

Testicle- male organ where sperm are producedVas Deferenes – tube that connects the Testicles to the UrethraUrethra – tube that allows urine and semen to be releasedEjaculation – the release of semenSemen – a mixture of sperm and other bodily fluids

http://kidshealth.org/misc/movie/bodybasics/male_repro.html

TERMS•Conception Conception (fertilization)(fertilization)--the union of the union of an ovum and an ovum and sperm, sperm, resulting in resulting in the beginning the beginning of a of a pregnancypregnancy

WHAT HAPPENS DURING CONCEPTION?

#1 Sperm swim through the cervix, through the uterus, into the Fallopian tubes.


#2 If Egg present, sperm crowd around it and try to break through the surface.


Only one sperm is successful.


Fertilization ONLY OCCURS IN THE FALLOPIAN TUBES

WHAT HAPPENS DURING

CONCEPTION?

Once inside sperm seals out remaining sperm, which eventually die.

WHAT HAPPENS DURING

CONCEPTION?

Fertilized egg, travels down the fallopian tube into uterus and attaches to the wall of the uterus/IMPLANTATION!

LET’S SEE CONCEPTION FOR OURSELVES!!

• http://www.britannica.com/new-multimedia/wmv/vastv0433.wmv

http://www.babycenter.com/2_inside-pregnancy-fertilization_10354435.bc

IMPLANTATION• Process of attachment of the embryo to the maternal uterine wall.

BLASTOCYST

A hollow ball of cells from the fertilized egg that implants itself into the uterus lining

AMNIOTIC SAC“Bag” surrounding baby in uterus that holds amniotic fluid

AMNIOTIC FLUID Liquid that surrounds and

protects the developing baby in the uterus during pregnancy

“My water broke.” is a term women use.

It’s your amniotic sac that broke and the amniotic fluid comes out.

UMBILICAL CORDLong tube that connects the

placenta to the developing baby during pregnancy; carries food and oxygen to the baby

PLACENTATissue in the uterus

of a pregnant woman

rich in blood vessels

transports food and oxygen from mom to baby

Transports waste from baby to mom

FULL TERMChild carried the entire nine months of pregnancy.

PRENATAL TERMSQuickening

4-5th monthWhen mother feels that baby move

LighteningBaby drops into pelvic area before birth

ORDER OF DEVELOPMENT

A baby’s development is grouped into three stages:

1. Zygote2. Embryo3. Fetus.

1ST STAGE: ZYGOTE/FERTILIZED EGG

Conception-2 weeks of pregnancyfertilized egg and implantation

Travels down fallopian tube Attaches itself to uterusGrows by cell division 2 weeks, size of pinhead

ZYGOTE

2ND STAGE: EMBRYOHTTP://WWW.EXPLORATORIUM.EDU/EXHIBITS/EMBRYO/EMBRYO.HTML#

3-8 weeks 1st-Mass of cells develop into all major systems of the body

2nd-Sac filled with fluid forms around embryo

3rd-Placenta 4th-Umbilical Cord

EMBRYO

THE STAGES OF ZYGOTE & EMBRYO DIVISION

multiply

LET’S TAKE A CLOSER LOOK!!!

http://bit.ly/10wwxe

3RD STAGE: FETUSFINAL STAGE

2nd-9th Month1st time child is called fetus

Human-like features Fetal movement

4th and/or 5th monthLabor occurs

Baby gradually moves out of the uterus into the vagina to be born

FETUS

FETUS

TRIMESTER3 month period

3 trimesters = full term pregnancy1st trimester – months 1, 2, 32nd trimester – months 4, 5, 63rd trimester – months 7, 8, 9

“TRIMESTER GRAPHIC

ORGANIZER”

1ST TRIMESTER

http://www.babycenter.com/fetal-development-images-3-weeks

FIRST TRIMESTER - FIRST MONTH

Baby Size of a pin head at two

weeks Egg attached to lining of the

uterus. Called Zygote until it attaches

then becomes an embryo The heart, which is no larger

than a poppy seed, is beating. Internal organs and

circulatory system begin to form

Small bumps indicate the beginning of arms and legs

Placenta (afterbirth) begins to develop

•Mother•Missed period•Enlarged breasts•Frequent urination

FIRST MONTH

FIRST TRIMESTERTWO MONTHS

Baby Zygote 1/4 inch long and has

distinct, slightly webbed fingers.

Face, eyes, ears, and limb develop.

Bones begin to form 8 weeks, changes from

embryo to a fetus Will remain fetus until

birth Veins are clearly visible. The heart has divided into

right and left chambers. Penis begins to appear

in boys Baby is moving

although the mother can not yet feel movement

• Mother• Swelling of

breasts• Increased

urination due to pressure on bladder

• Nausea • “Morning

sickness”

Video:1:54

Inside Pregnancy: Boy

or Girl?

TWO MONTHS

FIRST TRIMESTERTHREE MONTHS

Baby 1 in. long as mth. Begins

Nostrils, mouth, lips, teeth buds, eyelids form

Fingers and toes almost developed

All organs present, although immature

Begun swallowing and kicking

Heart rate heard at 10 weeks with a special instrument called a Doppler

•Mother•Breasts firmer/fuller, may ache•Nausea•Fatique•Frequent urination may continue•Abdomen slightly larger•Wt. gain may total 2-4 lbs.

http://www.babycenter.com/2_inside-pregnancy-weeks-10-to-14_10308108.bc

1ST TRIMESTER OVERVIEW Zygote stage – last about 2 weeks Fertilized attaches to thick lining of uterus Cell division begins Embryo stage-3 to 8 weeks after conception

Embryo becomes firmly attached to uterus All major organ systems form Placenta, amniotic fluid, and umbilical cord formed by

end of this stage At 4 weeks - 1/6 of an inch long Backbone, spinal column and nervous system are

forming

Do not copy

SECOND TRIMESTER FOUR MONTHS

Baby 3 in long Weighs 1 oz. as mth. Begins Can suck thumb, swallow,

hiccup, and move around Facial features become

clearer Covered with a layer of thick,

downy hair called lanugo. Heartbeat can be heard

clearly This is when you may feel

your baby's first kick. Tooth buds are developing not able to survive outside

the mother's body Sex is identifiable

•Mother•Appetite increases•Most unpleasantness of early pregnancy, such as morning sickness, usually gone•Abdomen cont. to grow slowly


4 MONTHS

SECOND TRIMESTER FIVE MONTHS

Baby6 ½-7 inches longweighs almost 4-5 oz.Hair, eyelashes, and

eyebrows appearTeeth cont. to developOrgans are maturingBecomes more activeProtective coating called

vernix caseosa begins to form on baby's skin. ver·nix ca·se·o·sa

•Mother•Enlarged abdomen becomes apparent•Slight fetal movements•increased size of abdominal area may begin to affect posture•breasts may begin to leak a yellowish fluid called colostrum

SECOND TRIMESTER SIX MONTHS Baby

8-10 in. 8-12 oz. Eyebrows and eyelids are

visible. Eyelids begin to part and eyes

open sometimes for short periods of time

The baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid.

started breathing motions.

If the mother talks or sings, the baby can hear.

Fat deposits under skin, but fetus appears wrinkled

Baby is able to hiccup

•Mother•Fetal movements sensed as strong kicks, thumps, and bumps (may be visible)•Wt. gain by the beginning of this mth. may total 10-12 lbs.


6 MONTHS

2ND TRIMESTEROVERVIEW Stage of the fetus Baby recognizable as human All internal organs present, but not functioning Quickening: 4th–5th month fetal movement felt 14 weeks muscles lengthen and become organized 16 weeks Can grasp with hands, kick and somersault 20 weeks

Can hear and recognize mothers voice Fingernails and fingerprint appear Sex organs are visible

24 weeks: Covered with a fine hair Protected by a waxy substance called vernix Breaths in amniotic fluid

Do not copy

THIRD TRIMESTER SEVEN MONTHS

Baby14-16 in. long 1 ½ pounds Periods of activity

followed by periods of rest and quiet

Body is well-formedFingernails cover his

fingertipsTaste buds have

developed If born at this time, baby

will be considered a premature baby and require special care

•Mother•Increased size may affect posture


THIRD TRIMESTER EIGHT MONTHS

Baby 14-16 in. long Weighs 2 1/2 and 3 pounds

Gaining about half a pound per week

Layers of fat are piling on Moves into head-down

position in preparation for birth May react to loud noises with

reflex jerking action Tremendous brain growth Most body organs are now

developed with the exception of the lungs

•Mother•Discomfort may result from increased size of abdominal area•backache=fatique•Leg cramps=shortness of breath•Fetal kicks may disturb the mother’s rest•At beginning of mth., wt. gain totals 18-20 lbs

THIRD TRIMESTER NINE MONTHS Baby

17-18 in. long Wt. 5-6 lbs Skin becomes smooth as fat

deposits cont. Movements decrease as the

fetus has less room to move around

Acquires antibodies to fight disease from the mother’s blood

Moves into pelvis, ready for birth

can survive outside the mother's body

The lungs mature

•Mother•“Lightening” felt as the fetus drops into the pelvis and decreases pressure on mother’s organs; breathing becomes easier•Other discomforts may cont.•Total wt. gain 25-35 lbs. is typical•False labor pains may be experienced

3RD TRIMESTER OVERVIEW• Fetus • Last 3 months of pregnancy• Capable of living outside the

womb• LIGHTENING occurs – baby

shifts downward and feels more comfortable in upper abdomen

• Sleeps 90-95% of the day• At birth, placenta detaches from

uterus as lifeline and child takes first breath on their own

Do not copy

ULTRASOUND EXAMVIDEO 3:34

PARTNER UP! You will be put into groups to complete the

next assignments.

“NAME THAT MONTH”Directions:

Class will be arranged into nine groups.

Each group will receive one case study strip.

Each group will read the case study (table tent) together to decide which month of the pregnancy is described.

Be ready to share your response.

CASE STUDY #1 The zygote is the size of a pin head.

The egg is attached to the lining of the uterus. The zygote is attached to the lining of the uterus and becomes an embryo. The mother has missed her menstrual cycle, her breasts have enlarged, and she has to urinate frequently.

What month is this? Month 1

CASE STUDY #2 The fetus is 17-18 inches long and weighs 5-6

pounds. The fetus continues gaining weight until the week before birth. The skin becomes smooth as fat deposits continue to develop. Movement decreases as the fetus has less room to move around. The fetus acquires antibodies to fight disease from the mother’s blood and moves into the pelvis, ready for birth. The mother feels lightening as the fetus drops into the pelvis; breathing becomes easier. Other discomforts continue, and a total weight gain of 25-35 pounds is typical. False labor pains called Braxton Hicks contractions may be experienced.


CASE STUDY #3

The embryo is ¼ inch long and has developed face, eyes, ears, and limbs. The bones have begun to form. The embryo changes to a fetus and remains a fetus until birth. The mother has swelling of breasts and increased urination due to pressure on the bladder. She is not having nausea or morning sickness.


CASE STUDY #4 The fetus is 3 inches long and weighs one

ounce. The fetus can suck its thumb, swallow, hiccup, and move around. The facial features become clearer. The mother’s abdomen continues to grow slowly. Most discomforts of early pregnancy, such as morning sickness, usually are gone. Appetite increases.

What month is it? Month 4

CASE STUDY #5 The fetus is about 8-10 inches long

and weighs about 8-12 ounces. The mother senses fetal movement as strong kicks, thumps, and bumps---some may be visible. The mother gains as much as 10-12 pounds during this month.

What month is it? Month 6

CASE STUDY #6 The fetus is about 14-16 inches long,

weighs about 2 ½-3 pounds as the month begins. The weight gain continues rapidly. The fetus may react to loud noises with a reflex jerking action. The fetus moves into a head-down position. The mother may show signs of discomfort from increased size. She might show signs of backache and fatigue along with leg cramps and shortness of breath. The fetal kicks may disturb the mother’s rest. At the beginning of the month, weight gain totals about 18-20 pounds.


CASE STUDY #7 The fetus is about one inch long. Nostrils,

mouth, lips, teeth buds and eyelids form. Fingers and toes also develop. All the organs are present, although they are immature. The mother’s breasts become firm and full, and they may ache. Nausea, fatigue and frequent urination are still present. The abdomen becomes slightly larger. The uterus is about the size of an orange. The mother has gained 2-4 pounds.


CASE STUDY #8The size of the fetus is 14-16

inches long and weighs about 1½ -2 pounds as the month begins. The fetus experiences periods of rest and quiet. The mother’s increased size may affect her posture.

What month is this?Month 7

CASE STUDY #9 The fetus is about 6 ½-7 inches long

and weighs about 4-5 ounces. Hair, eyelashes, and eyebrows appear and teeth continue to develop. The organs are maturing and the fetus is becoming more active. The mother’s abdomen has become large enough to let others know she is pregnant. Slight fetal movements are felt. Increased size has begun to affect her posture.


FETAL DEVELOPMENT GROWTH CHART

Materials:Construction paperRulerScaleColored PencilsPowerPoint Notes

Directions:Use materials to create a size chart of the

growth of the fetus each monthYou should chart it on paper, month by month

and beside each month measure the size. Look for teachers example.

FUN WAY TO REMEMBER

Directions:Use teacher’s example to create a

fun way to remember the 9 months of pregnancy for Baby and Mother.

Materials:Index cardsColored pencilsTeachers Mnemonic

I will post on document camera

3.02 FETAL DEVELOPMENT TEST REVIEW

Directions:Complete MiTiReLa 3.02 Learning Mode.

Record score after clicking daily progress.

Teacher will need to see and sign off on your MiTiReLa paper.

LET’S SEE WHAT YOU KNOW!

Directions: Close eyes and put heads down on desks. I will describe each month of pregnancy. You will hold up the # of fingers

corresponding to the month of pregnancy that is described.

Teacher will rotate around the room and touch student’s hand if incorrect. If hand is touched you will know you need to

try again! If hand is not touched, leaved your fingers

up until the next description is called out. Test may consists of 9-18 questions.

GUIDED PRACTICE

You will pick a number 1-9 out of the cup. That # will represent a month of pregnancy.

After you have chosen a month, you will find an object in the classroom that would represent the size of the embryo and fetus at each stage of development.

After objects are collected, display and give a description of the growth represented by each object.

INDEPENDENT PRACTICE You will be grouped with a partner to decorate a

bulletin board according to the month of pregnancy you choose.

Bulletin Boards must be neat, attractive, easy to read--words must be big enough to read, no grammatical errors

Your bulletin board must provide the following: Pictures 10

points Grammatical Errors 10

points Labels 20 points Content (info discussed in class) 40 points

Gather info from notes, textbook, Internet Creative 20 points TOTAL 100 Points

Documents

PCD Objective 3.02 Prenatal Developmen t Pre= _______ Natal=______

PCD Objective 3.02 Prenatal Developmen t Pre= _ Natal=