Paperless Classroom using Tablet PC's at MIT and HKU ... · • Lab or Classroom • Replace or enhancement existing method – Pick Technology • Paperless classroom – Neuroanantomy

© Rutledge Ellis-Behnke 2005

Paperless Classroom using Tablet PC's at MIT and HKU

Medical Faculty:

Rutledge Ellis-BehnkeGerald Schneider

Dave SingerPhil Long, Vijay Kumar

Kwok-Fai So


Today• Department transformation• Where do you start ?

– Purpose• Lab or Classroom• Replace or enhancement existing method

– Pick Technology• Paperless classroom

– Neuroanantomy and development– Neuroscience and behavior– Chinese– Testing and studying – Security Issues

• Pier to Pier• Library system• Other projects• Injured and impaired• Flashcube• Student Data• HKU Medical faculty Anatomy


Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department of MIT adoption of Stellar system (Web based

course material delivery system)• Zero classes two years ago• 9 classes, fall 2001• 19 classes, spring 2002• 21 classes, fall 2002• 25 classes, spring 2003• 5 graduate qual. exam prep. sites

– Reading lists– Readings in pdf format in color– Study notes put up by students– This will reduce the time faculty needs to update the list


BCS course websites on Stellar system

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25

Spring2001

Fall2001

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Courses


Digitized course material in Brain and Cognitive Sciences Department

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100%

Fall2001

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Fall2003

Lec NotesJnl. ArticlesTextbooksOther, MP3


9.00Lecture

Brain and Cognitive Sciences department web site organization andusage 1999

Coursematerial

Studentspend time

learning andnot copying

NewStudents cannow get some

info on demandfrom website

Use audiorecordings for

studyingColor figures

are onlineAll Papers are

online

Website

Photocopyin Black

and white

9.011Lecture

Coursematerial

Website

9.01Lecture

Coursematerial

Website9.15Lecture

Coursematerial

9.20Lecture

Coursematerial

9.34Lecture

Coursematerial

Website 9.912Lecture

Coursematerial

Website9.916

LectureCourse

material

Website


9.00Lecture

Brain and Cognitive Sciences department web site organization andusage 2002+

Coursematerial

Studentspend time

learning andnot copying

NewStudents cannow get some

info on demandfrom website

Use audiorecordings for

studyingColor figures

are onlineAll Papers are

online

9.011Lecture

Coursematerial

Stellar WebsiteSystem

9.01Lecture

Coursematerial

9.15Lecture

Coursematerial

9.20Lcture

Coursematerial

9.912Lecture

Coursematerial

9.916Lecture

Coursematerial

Each Class has a sitethat has course

material

Some have MP3 oflectures

Slides in pdf

Electronictablet for

colordelivery ofall mediafrom the

class and away to

arganizeknowledgeand take

noteswithoutpaper

Open CourseWare


Wireless Networks:Red is area not covered by

networkFixed Node Lily pad network


Some eTablets evaluated• 3.14.2002 SonicBlue ProGear 1050 • 5.01.2002 Intermec 6650 • 5.10.2002 XPlore GeneSys

Maximus• 5.21.2002 Walkabout Hammerhead • 6.10.2002 Itronix GoBook MAX • 7.30.2002 NDA Number 1 • 7.31.2002 NDA Number 2 • 8.08.2002 Fujitsu Stylistic 3500 • 8.08.2002 Fujitsu Stylistic LT P-

600 • 8.13.2002 Viewsonic Viewpad 100

• Gigabyte Webpad• Viewsonic ViewPad 1000 • PaceBlade PaceBook• FIC Thunder and Crystal Tablets • NEC's (unnamed) Tablet PC • Tatung Tangy 440 and 830 • Toshiba's (unnamed) Tablet • Microstar's (unnamed) Tablet • NDA Number 3


Evaluation of eTabletRanges

• $600 to $6025• RAM 32 to 256 megs• No hard drive to 40gig• Prototype to indestructible• Transmetta 3200-400 to 5800-1000 to PIII 800• Active matrix to passive• Active digitizer to pressure• Website has info on all machines except NDAs

– http://web.mit.edu/dinoriki/www/tablet/tablets.htm


Gerald Schneider

Rutledge Ellis-Behnke

Jordan Gilliland


Next Step:Say goodbye to backpacks !


Sit down, download and take notesApril 2002


Black-and-White handouts vs. color


Examples of current classroom: 9.01 Neuroscience and Behavior

Handout vs. Projection



Paperless and board-less teaching


Behavioral Change

• Interactions in class• Interaction around eating areas• The tablet becomes part of the dialog• This is very different from laptops


How do student interactions change with a tablet


Why Not a Laptop?

• Example: Syntactic Trees (Linguistics)


Notetaking Data: Style Comparison






Notetaking Data: Using Color to Convey Information


Notetaking Data: Using Color to Convey Information


Tablet PCs:Questions to be answered

1. Did we remove paper from the classroom while maintaining the level of performance of the students?

a. Gradesb. Student evaluations

2. Did the technology facilitate more learning? 3. Was interaction increased between the students and

teaching staff?4. Does the student use the eTablet outside of class?5. Has the student made any improvements to the eTablet?6. How does the organization of the material have to

change to improve performance further? ex. endocytosis7. Did we successfully offset color copying costs by

delivering material electronically?


9.14 material increase 1998 vs 2004

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Readings Quest ions Addit onal Readings Slides

Class 1998Class 2004

More


Class results using the tablet

9.14 Questions and grades by quarterTotal learning increase

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1998 qt2004 qt

Better


9.14 Paperless progression

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16.00

1998 2002 2004

Class

L 25%

Increase learning TC

Increase learning L 25%

Log. (Increase learning TC)

Log. (Increase learning L 25%)

Student performance


Cost of Paper per Student

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3500

B&W Color Total CopyingCost

Per semester Without color

Cost perstudent 98

Cost perstudent 2004

Cheaper


Humanities


Chinese I and II (Mandarin)


Paperless classroom

• Languages• Free hand character tutor• Chinese tutor• Flash card study program• Listen to classes again• Keyboards for different languages are not

needed


Chalk Board Replacement


Electronic Flash Card program used for teaching


flashCube: New Learning Software• A project related to the paperless classroom

– Another example of technology in teaching– Useful specifically within the paperless classroom paradigm which

dictates that increased (near full-time) access to course materials confers major benefits – students with tablets have instant access to flashCube

• Flashcard software with a number of special features:– TabletPC friendly – interface designed with tablets in mind– 100% written in Java – making it cross-platform compatible – tested and

functional on Windows, Athena, and Mac OS X– It is now in an Athena locker, making it extremely easy for users to access– Designed with the instructor in mind as well as the student – adding

material to flashCube is easy by design– Multimedia-friendly – supports use of sound and graphics in various

formats– Has a number of “smart” features including the ability to create special

lists consisting of items that the student is weakest in


flashCube Screenshot: Dictionary Search Screen


The Four Modes of Language Study

• Reading– flashCube presents words, phrases, and sentences to be translated

• Writing– TabletPC allows any language to be handwritten directly on the screen– Microsoft software (part of IME) allows text, e.g. Chinese, to be

recognized from pen input – can then be used as input into flashCube• Listening

– flashCube currently supports this by playback of mp3s– Additional mp3 materials are needed for Chinese, 9.01/9.14

• Speaking– Students can produce words, phrases, and sentences they encounter in

flashCube and then check their speech against the recorded version– flashCube does not record audio or perform speech recognition


flashCube UsageStudent ID x9744 Overall Usage

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4/30 5/1 5/2 5/3 5/4 5/5 5/6 5/7More

Date

Flas

hcar

ds V

iew

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flashCube Usage: AggregateAggregate Chinese II Flashcube Usage

Spring 2003

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3/31 4/1 4/2 4/3 4/4 4/5 4/6 4/7 4/8 4/94/10

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Date

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hcar

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flashCube Usage: Fall 2003

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• Effective learning is accomplished by Studying

• Studying is cramming spread over time.• By changing the number of quizzes and

exams the students learned more and retained more


Electronic testing and study programs


Quiz taken during class and e-mailed to teaching assistant

• 3 Questions• Short handwritten

responses in 10 min.• Colors used by students

to identify structures on a picture

• Student must return the quiz in time or it will be rejected.


Chinese character tutor


Other Tablet Projects

• Use tablets to view and annotate electronic journals in MIT libraries

• Distributed tablets to Schering-Plough library in Spring 2003


Library


Journal ReplacementFaster


Sloan Business School MIT


Tech Trial-Run~

using HP/Compaq Tablet PC’s for Technology Assessment Software survey of the new MOT 2004 Class

4 June 2003


Scavenger Hunt new MBA class 2004 (more than 300 students)


Before tablet Pc and After Tablet Pc


Project Prakash sheds light on formerly blind children

• Two tablets went to India to assist in the project

• MIT professor Pawan Sinha, seated at left, works in a village with a little girl who gained sight after being blind for the first seven years of her life.


HKU Department of Anatomy


One Month Head and Neck course


Use of Tablet by Teacher


What do notes look like?


Mouth




Which one is the students?


What are the students saying?Student Survey Data

• 1st and 2nd year medical students• 211 students responded to survey• 19 questions• A TabletPC was occasionally used to create and project

drawings during lecture. Was this effective (1=not effective, 5=very effective)?

• How large a role would you expect tablets to play in education at Medical Faculty, HKU in the near future (e.g. 5 years from now) (1=no role, 5=very significant role)

• How can we improve the class to help you learn more?


How helpful are the diagrams, handouts, and are lectures understandable? Q 1,2

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Handouts Lectures

Tablet ow ners

Non Tablet

2nd Year


Would a tablet help your learning… Q 4,5,6

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Would tablet be helpful New softw are and equipment Future role

Tablet ow ners

Non Tablet

2nd Year


2nd year

• “We can actually visualize the drawings better and the lecture is much more interactive than using PowerPoint. It allows the lecturer to write which is totally impossible in other lectures.”

• “ I think every student should own a tablet”• “Use color handouts”• “Don’t use light green or yellow it is hard to see”• “labeling is more precise and clearer with tablet”• “In PBL setting students could share their

thoughts with better effectiveness”• “It would help organize my notes better”


Computers brought to class by type

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100%

Tablets Laptops

%

Tablets

Laptops


Are currently successful at organizing... Q17,18

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10%

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100%

Materials and Handouts Notes

Tablet ow ners

Laptop ow ners

No computer


Would or did the tablet help you better organize … Q 14,15,16

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Course materials Notes Time

Tablet ow ners

Non Tablet


Was TabletPC effective in.. Q 3

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

Teaching

Tablet ow ners

Non Tablet

2nd Year


How offen do you bring your machine ?

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100%

Alw ays carry When I have class Sometimes Never

Tablet Ow ners

Laptop Ow ners

2nd Year


Computers brought to class by type

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Tablets Laptops

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Tablets

Laptops


MIT TabletPC results in class

• Delivered more material• Better quality• Higher learning efficiency• Less cost


Lessons Learned

• Laptops are left at home• The students say the lectures are clearer!• We can deliver better quality material without

adding a significant cost increase as color handouts!

• We can deliver video to the students TabletPC• Students carry their TabletPCs with them so they

can study when they want, not where their notes are!


Benefits

• TabletPCs turn the student into an active learner and not a passive observer

• We can deliver a higher level of education without adding the cost of color handouts

• It reduces paper consumption• It changes PBL interactions • The tablet can migrate into the hospital for

rotations so students can take notes• Trains the students for the paperless doctors office

of the future


Next steps• Support migration • Identify software programs that may be useful to facilitate

teaching for faculty• Support the students that cannot afford a machine• Work with the library to help gather and digitize the

existing teaching materials and ID new ones• Specify a tablet that will work with the future plans of the

medical faculty• Goal:

– Teach more, so the students learn more and are better prepared for their life as a doctor.


Recap• Department transformation becomes a school transformation• Where do you start ?

– Purpose• Lab or Classroom• Replace or enhancement existing method

– Pick Technology• Paperless classroom

– Neuroanantomy and development– Neuroscience and behavior– Chinese (Mandarin)– Testing and studying – Security Issues

• Pier to Pier• Library system• Other projects• Flashcube• Student Data• HKU Medical faculty Anatomy


Paperless Classroom Conclusions

• The tablets are a reliable replacement for paper• Minimal effort is required to set up and maintain

tablets for use in the Paperless Classroom• The tablets did not change students’ grades

significantly• Surveys and interviews indicated very high

student satisfaction with tablets and their application in the Paperless Classroom


Paperless Classroom Student reaction

• Students, especially those with tablets, believe that tablets can help them to better:– Understand material because of its ability to

display color– Organize their time– Organize their notes and other materials


A few important lesions learnedNot just by the students

• More– All of the students learn more

• Faster– With access to all your notes you can answer a question when you

need it.• Better

– The students in the bottom 25% of the class perform better• Cheaper

– There is a cost reduction with the removal of paper– Also there is an opportunity cost because you can add material

without additional cost– BUT--- it needs to be added legally

• Learning is not spoon feeding


Acknowledgements• Professor Gerald Schneider MIT• Professor Kwok Fai So HKU• Jordan Gilliland MIT• Dave Singer MIT• HP/Compaq, Acer• Joost Bonsen, Sloan School Innovator MIT• Brian Murphy, MIT Hardware Services• Carter Snowden, Faculty Liasons Office MIT• MIT Computing Help Desk and SIPB• 9.01/9.14 TAs and students MIT• Professor George Tipoe HKU• Professor David Tay HKU


• Thank you for your time• [email protected]

• Use technology to enhance learning not to replace the Teacher

Documents

Paperless Classroom using Tablet PC's at MIT and HKU ... · • Lab or Classroom • Replace or enhancement existing method – Pick Technology • Paperless classroom – Neuroanantomy