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8/12/2019 Overview of Media
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Session Objectives
After this session, you will-
Define the medium for learning.
Classify the media for learning.
Use chalkboard effectively.
describe the uses of different medium for
learning.
Select a suitable medium for a givensituation.
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A medium is broadly
conceived as any
person, materialor eventthat provides the learner
to gain information so as
to acquire knowledge,skills and attitudes.
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Then, why do we need other media?
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Students need visual sense to teachers oral
delivery.Students want real objects and their motions or
their pictures,figures, videos to learn about their
attributes and behaviour.The excellent presentations of the teachers are
required to be preserved for repetitions and mass
viewing.Students will like to learn at their own time, pace &
may need repetitions.
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1. The pictures, videos& animations
of industry & field based
equipment & plant could be shown
with motions of different parts.
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2. Tiny & distant objects could beshown by enlarging for maximum
details, which other wise is not
possible to perceive through normal
vision.
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3. Slow & fast moving objects may be shown at aspeed, which could be viewed for detailed
studies & analysis.
TOO SLOW TOO FAST
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4. Activities of dangerous objects could berecorded from a distance for the maximum
safety of viewers.
TOO
DANGEROUS
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5. They try to serve the students through more than
one senses.
6. They can bring stimulus variations in students, there
by maintaining high attention levels.
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9. In Video, instant recording & viewing is possible
for analysis & results. If not satisfactory, could
be recorded again.
8. Feeling & emotions of the people could beutil ised to motivate the students.
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CLASIFICATION OF MEDIA
Media may be classified in a variety of
ways-
Inquisition & exposition media.Print & Non print
Static & dynamic.
Criterion & mediating.
Hardware & software,
Projected & non- projected.
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EXPOSITION (TEACHER CENTRED)
INQUISITION ( LEARNER CENTREINQUISITION ( LEARNER CENTRE
DYNAMICDYNAMIC STATICSTATIC
BOARDS- (CHALK,MARKER)OHP
CHARTS
PHOTOGRAPHS ,SLIDES
PRINT MATERIAL (TEXTUAL )
MAGNETIC CUTOUTS
OHP MODELS
VIDEOS-(BROADCAST/
MASS VIEWING)
MULTI-MEDIA
PRESENTATION
COMPUTER BASED PGMS.-
(LEARNER DRIVEN- CBT, CAI
ANIMATIONS, GAMES &
SIMULATION)
SELF LEARNING MODULES
MULTI-MEDIA PACKAGES.AUDIO TAPES
VIDEOS- INDIVIDUAL
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Text books.
Reference books.
Journals,
Magazines,
Work books,Encyclopedia,
Handouts, etc.
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Interactive boardsCHALK BOARDWHITE BOARDELECTRONIC BOARD
Non-Interactive boardsMAGNETIC BOARD.FLANNEL BOARD.PEG BOARD.
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Describe concepts & principles through text &illustrations.
Describe construction & working.
Describe methods & processes.
Show classifications & relationships.
Explain behaviour of variables through tables,graphs, etc.
Drive equations.
Solve problems, etc.
PROVIDE VISUAL SENSETO STUDENTS DURING
INSTRUCTION-
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1. Intermediate rubbing at chosen intervals.
2. Roll your chalk during writing for uniform
thickness and intensity of whiteness.
3. Students should be able to see the board avoid
obstruction.
4. Avoid long duration of talking while facing theboard.
5. Use ancillary boards for prepared works.
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Figure for spare board
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6. PLAN CONTENT IN TWO OR THREE
SEGMENTS
INCIDENTA
L
SEQUENTIALMAIN POINTS
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7.WRITING SHOULD BE LEGIBLE SIZE OF LETTERS
HEIGHT OF LETTERS- 1 MM PER FOOT OF
VIEWING DISTANCE.
SHAPE OF LETTERS- FULL ROUNDEDLETTERS
SPACING OF LETTERS- AS PER VIEWING
DISTANCE
LEVELNESS OF LINES-
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8.Emphasize important terms by
CAPITAL LETTERS.Enlarged letters.
Underlines.
Coloured chalks.
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9.For making diagrams First make use of light layout lines/ guide
strokes,
Finish the diagram with bold & clean strokes.
Label diagrams with proper letters &
connection arrows.
Use isometric grid for three dimensionaldiagrams.
Readymade templates may be used for
drawing circles, ellipse, etc.
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SINGLE SHEET
MULTI-SHEET
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Charts are coloured
presentations of
art work, text,relationships, drawings,
figures, photographs,
graphs,etc.
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We may show-
Textual information.
Tables.
Graphs.
Drawings, Figures.
Photographs.
Cartoons.
Combinations of above.
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It is a very popular powerful media. Itis available on-broadcast mode,cable system,VCR / VCD/ DVD players
on to the TV.Thus, it is a medium which isbeing used from mass education toindividualized education .
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computers along with relevant hardware &
software accept, store and process all kinds
of information & media, such as text, photos,
figures, audio, videos, tables, graphs, etc. andcan also generate drawings, tables, graphs
and animations.
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Computers can be used in a variety of ways-
Computer assisted instruction.
Computer based training.
Computer managed instruction.
Providing access to internet world ofinformation.
VERBAL SYMBOLS
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DIRECT PURPOSEFUL EXPERIENCE
CONTRIVED EXPERIENCES-MODELS; MOCK-UPS; SIMULATION
DRAMATIZE EXPERIENCES-PLAYS, PUPPETS; ROLE PLAYING
DEMONSTRATIONS
STUDY TRIPS
EXHIBITS
EDUCATIONAL TELEVISION
MOTION PICTURES
STILL PICTURES
RADIO AND RECRDING
VISUAL SYMBOLS-SIGNS;
STICK FIGURES
VERBAL SYMBOLS
DALES CONE
OF
EXPERIENCE
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SELECTION FOR
VISUAL MEDIA
ARE IMPORTANT
ASPECTS OF THE
OBJECT HIDDEN
OR OBSCURED?
IS THE OBJECT
AVAILABLE?
DOES TOPIC
REQUIRE A THREE
DIMENSIONPRESENTATION?
DOES THE TOPIC
REQUIRE THAT
STUDENTS LEARN
TO RECOGNISE ORCOPY MOTIONS?
VISUAL MEDIA
PROBABLY NOT
NECESSARY
WHY NOT USE THE
REAL OBJECT?
STILL VISUAL MEDIA
ARE GOOD ENOUGH
CONSIDER USING A
MODEL OR MOCK-UP
A MOTION FILM
OR WORKING
MODEL OR LIVE
DEMONSTRATION
IS OBJECT
TOO LARGE OR
TOO SMALL TO BE
EASILY
OBSERVED?
DOES TOPIC DEAL
WITH CONCRETE
OBSERVABLE
OBJECTS?
DOES TOPIC DEAL
WITH CONCEPTS
NOT THEMSELVES
OBSERVABLE
BUT WITHOBSERVABLE
OBJECTS?
YES
YES YES YES
YESYES
YESNO
NO
NO
NO
NO NO
NO
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SELECTION FOR41
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SELECTION FOR
VERBAL & SOUND
MEDIA
IS THE TOPIC
COMPLEX OR
ABSTRACT OR IS
ITS STRUCTURE
INVOLVED?
IS THE AUDIO
CONTENT CAPABLE
OF BEING
PRE-PREPARED
AS A SCRIPT?
CONSIDER PURELY
VISUAL MEDIA
LIVE COMMENTRY
BY A TEACHER OR
INSTRUCTOR
A WRITTEN TEXT
WILL BE SUPERIOR
TO A SPOKEN
COMMENTRY
CONSIDER A
RECODRED
TAPE/DISC.
SOUND MEDIA
ESSENTIAL FOR
EFFECTIVE
LEARNING. (LIVE OR
PRERECORDED)
ARE SOUNDS AN
INTEGRAL PART
OF TOPIC?
IS VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
THE MAIN
OBJECTIVE?
CAN TOPIC BE
ADEQUATELY
COMMUNICATED BY
VISUALS & WRITTEN
CAPTIONS?
IS THE TOPIC
TAUGHT REGULARLY
AND THE
TREATMENT ALWAYS
THE SAME?
NO
NO NO
NO NO
NO
YES
YES
YESYES
YES YES
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