ONR Programs Embracing the Modular ONR Programs Embracing the Modular Open System Approach (MOSA)Open System Approach (MOSA)

forfor

Military Aviation Architecture ConferenceMilitary Aviation Architecture ConferenceLexington Park, MDLexington Park, MD21 September, 201021 September, 2010

Betsy B. DeLong

Office of Naval Research

703-588-0069betsy.delong@navy.mil

OUTLINE

Overview of Integrated Topside (InTop) ProgramInTop heritage – The Advanced Multi-Function RF-

Concept (AMRF-C) ProgramMulti-Function Electronic Warfare (MFEW) ProgramNavy/Industry InTop Open Architecture Study

Group – organization and study resultsDigital Array Radar (DAR)Conclusions

2

3

WHAT IS INTEGRATED TOPSIDE ?

Dominate the RF spectrum– Dynamic management of RF spectrum– Control Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI) and increase RF availability– More capability per ship through optimized aperture placement and space/weight/power

improvements– Software defined functionality

Enable innovation through a RF Open Architecture– Broader industrial base for government and prime contractors– Modular open RF design (apertures and electronics) to facilitate best of breed technology and cost

effective upgrades– Continuous improvement in capability through software and hardware spirals

Create affordable systems that are scalable across platforms– Scalable architecture to meet multiple platform needs– Common maintenance, training, and logistics pipelines across platforms with attendant reduced

manpower vs. numerous stove-piped program Operation & Support costs

Open Architecture

Scalable Systems

Multi-function apertures simultaneous beamssimultaneous functions

Multi-function apertures simultaneous beamssimultaneous functions

4

INTOP PROTOTYPES

Consolidated SatCom forSubmarines and Ships

FLEXARMulti-channel

Digital Array Radar

MultibeamEW/IO/Comms

MFEW ADM

(complete)Low Band Comms Consolidated & IO

Primary functions:- All (ex. UHF) SatCom- 4 to 8+ Simul. Links

Secondary Functions:- IO / EW Support- LOS Comm Augment

Primary functions:- S-Band Radar- Volume Search- Precision Track- Missile Data Link- Air Traffic Control- Precision Landing- In-Band ES/EA/EP

Secondary Functions:- Weather Surveillance- Navigation- IO/EW Support

Primary functions:- X thru Ku band EA- EA Support (Rx)- Hawklink (TCDL)- LOS Network Links- SEI/ES Support

Secondary Functions:- SATCOM Augment- Prec. Landing Link- IO Support

Primary functions:- HPOI Acq/PDF ES- ASMD- Sit. Awareness- SEI Support

Secondary Functions:- EA Support- IO Support

Primary functions:- HF Comm- VHF Comm- UHF Comm- IO- Combat DF- SSEE

Secondary Functions:- Other Omni Comm- AIS- JTIDS- OTH Radar (Rx)- SW Radar

5

THE ADVANCED MULTIFUNCTION RF CONCEPT (AMRFC)

Demonstrated Functions

Comm: X-Band DSCS Satcom Link, Ku-Band

Commercial Satcom Link, Ku TCDL

Navigation Radar

Electronic Warfare: Electronic Surveillance,

Electronic Attack

Calibration

ONR initiated AMRF-C to determine the possibility of using wide-band arrays to meet multiple RF functions simultaneously

ONR used an open architecture approach to RF systems to allow multiple vendors to participate and pave the way for scalable, upgradable systems

The Multi Function Electronic Warfare Future Naval Capability (MFEW FNC) resulted from this effort

ONR initiated AMRF-C to determine the possibility of using wide-band arrays to meet multiple RF functions simultaneously

ONR used an open architecture approach to RF systems to allow multiple vendors to participate and pave the way for scalable, upgradable systems

The Multi Function Electronic Warfare Future Naval Capability (MFEW FNC) resulted from this effort

6

MFEW DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Meets key Electronic Surveillance capabilities: High Probability of Intercept (HPIO), Precision Direction Finding (PDF) and Specific Emitter Identification (SEI)

Capable of supporting additional RF functions

Supports other platform configurations, including back-fit

Technology transitions to fleet

Architecture that is modular, scalable and open RIMPAC 08 onboard USS Comstock

MFEW

7

DRE

ESP

RFC IF/FO24

CHs

FO/IF 24

CHs

RFD

FO/IF

ESPESAR ESDR

IF/FO

RFD

RFD

8

8

8 8

8

8

8

8

8

IF CONVERTER /

IF CONDITIONER/

IFDISTRIBUTION

8

8

8

RTCP

8

8

ESPA

4

Quad 1Antenna

Array

CAL/POL SW

CAL DIST

20

20CAL

8

8

8

3 GHz FO Link

ESFO

IF/FO

FO/IF

FO/IF

IF/FO

MRO

400 MHz FO Link

100 MHz

1 GHz

10 MHz Ref Input

CALCALCAL

ESIR

ACP

Ethernet

CONTROL

40

(Above Deck)

(Below Deck)

(Above Deck)

(Below Deck)

400 MHz Reference

MFEW BLOCK DIAGRAM

8

MFEW MOSA SELF ASSESSMENT

ONE SYSTEM – MODULAR, SCALABLE

9

Back fit SLQ-32 replacementDDG, CG, etc.

Future SLQ-32 V2 replacementDeep Water National Security Cutter

Future combatants passive sensorsDDG-1000, etc.

Unique application / installation

Small ship self protectionLCS, Deep Water OPC & FRC

(1-5)

(5-30)

(100-200)

(5-10)

(30-50)

ESSA

PDFSEI

SAMDFRWR

MF(EA)

$

1

OPEN ARCHITECTURE SUCCESS

10

Separate contract let to DRS to develop a RFC SRU that met the open interfaces of the Northrop Grumman (NG) MFEW ADM architecture

DRS developed the SI-9161 RFC in parallel with their SI-9155 enabling ONR to leverage DRS investment in the SI-9155 for the NGC compatible SI-9161

The lessons learned on one configuration was leveraged to both– the Si-9161 development efforts, collaboration with ONR and NG

was very valuable to the success of the SI-9155– The modular and forward thinking design of the two receivers

enables the features between the SI-9161 and SI-9155 to effectively be interchangeable

The DRS RFC was used by Lockheed Martin (LM) during their RIMPAC testing– LM was able to integrate the SI-9161 in their ES architecture

within a week – LM proposed the SI-9161 as part of SEWIP Block 2– LM is also using the SI-9161 SEWIP Block 1B HGHS

INDUSTRY SUPPORT

11

Ensure broad industry involvement in open architecture and standards development– Visits to and from industry– NDIA workshops (Industry and Navy participation)

Approximately 20 companies/40-50 individuals 8 November 2006 – Overview and feedback on IT INP 2 May 2007 - Business case 28 June 2007 – Requirements and architecture 2 August 2007 - Organization to define standards

– Integrated Topside INP RFI responses received Initiated industry co-led modular open RF architecture

definition process in FY08

12

NAVY/INDUSTRY INTOP OA STUDY

GENERIC INTOP BLOCK DIAGRAM

13

Aperture Blocks for All Subarray TypesR

ado

me

/ F

SS

/S

uba

pert

ure

SR

U

Ship Structure

Ra

dom

e /

FS

S /

Sub

ape

rtur

eS

RU

Mo

untin

g S

tru

ctur

e &

RF

Fe

edT

hru

Mo

untin

g S

tru

ctur

e &

RF

Fe

edT

hru

ApertureElectronics & Element Level Beamforming

SRAs

Subarray CtrlSRUs

PowerCond’ng SRAs

HVPower

HousePower

LiquidCooling

AirCooling

P

>1>1

>1

>1

LRMSRU

ToD/1pps

ToD/1ppsClks Clks

ToD/1ppsClks

RefLOs

DC

TBD Dig Intrfc Packetized Dig IntrfcRF/IF/Analog Intrfc

RT CtrlNet

RTCN

Subaperture Electronics (SA Elec) SRUB1

Ship Utilities InTop Utilities / RAM

SRU = Ship Replaceable Unit SRA = Shop Replaceable Assembly MICD = Mechanical ICDLRM = Local Resource Manager

MICD

MICD

MICD

MICD

MICD

SA Elec SRU

RF

RF

RF

RF

RF

RF

Cal

P:B MatrixSW SRU

B1

NOTIONAL APERTURE SUBSYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

14

GENERIC APERTURE BLOCK DIAGRAM

20

InTop Utilities / RAMShip Utilities

Structure

Generic Aperture ArchitectureR

ado

me

AntennaController

PowerCond’ng

>1

LRM

ToD/1pps

ToD/1pps

Clks Clks

TBD Dig Intrfc Packetized Dig IntrfcRF/IF/Analog Intrfc

RT

CN

HVPower

HousePower

LiquidCooling

AirCooling

ToD/1pps

Clks RefLOs

RT Ctrl Net

MICD = Mechanical ICDLRM = Local Resource Manager

RF

Sig

natu

re C

ontr

ol

Ant

enn

a

MICD

Isol

atio

n C

ont

rol

Am

plifi

ers

(LN

A/P

A)

Pha

se/A

mpl

itud

eC

ont

rol

Co

mbi

ner

/Div

ider

Ne

twor

k

>1

RF

To

RF

/IF I

nter

face

Order of the four blocks (from isolation control to combiner network) could vary depending on the architecture. Filters may be placed after amplifiers, amplifiers after the phase shifters, even some level of combining may occur before phase/amplitude control.

Utility and Signal Integration

IMU

Cal

Multiple beams and

polarizations

MICD MICD MICD MICD

SRU

SRU(really SHIP)

SRU

MICD

15

ANTENNA SUBSYSTEM MODULAR MECHANICAL ARCHITECTURE

16

CHALLENGES, RISKS AND IMPLICATIONS

• Confirmation that SRU/CSCI interfaces and specifications are Confirmation that SRU/CSCI interfaces and specifications are accurate and sufficient for acquisition from alternate sourcesaccurate and sufficient for acquisition from alternate sources

• Navy must provide protection of contractor intellectual property Navy must provide protection of contractor intellectual property even as it demands compliance with MOSAeven as it demands compliance with MOSA

• The price for lower total life cycle cost could mean higher initial The price for lower total life cycle cost could mean higher initial acquisition costacquisition cost

• Standards selection can be risky and problematic requiring greater Standards selection can be risky and problematic requiring greater knowledge on part of the governmentknowledge on part of the government

• Interface standards evolve with time. Difficult to project the extent Interface standards evolve with time. Difficult to project the extent a given standard will endure or should be replaceda given standard will endure or should be replaced

• Standards-based architectures tend to change the focus of systems Standards-based architectures tend to change the focus of systems engineering from design to integrationengineering from design to integration

• Shorter commercial product lifetimes create logistical support Shorter commercial product lifetimes create logistical support challengeschallenges

17

POTENTIAL OPERATIONAL POTENTIAL OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE BENEFITS OF OA PERFORMANCE BENEFITS OF OA

BASED TOPSIDE SYSTEMSBASED TOPSIDE SYSTEMS• The ability to adapt to evolving requirements and threatsThe ability to adapt to evolving requirements and threats

• Accelerating the transition from S&T into acquisition and Accelerating the transition from S&T into acquisition and deployment (make technology refresh an asset, not a liability)deployment (make technology refresh an asset, not a liability)

• Ensuring that the system will interoperate with all the systems Ensuring that the system will interoperate with all the systems with which it must interface without major modification of with which it must interface without major modification of exiting componentsexiting components

• Improving the extensibility for meeting new requirements and Improving the extensibility for meeting new requirements and for introducing new capabilitiesfor introducing new capabilities

18

DIGITAL ARRAY RADAR PREMISE/GOALS

ONR’s government owned and integrated Open Architecture Digital Array Radar sunsets in FY12

Open Architecture test bed enables investigation of alternative solutions and risk reduction

Core government team with competency to design, build, and test next generation multi-mission radars (similar to SPQ-9, SPS-49, and APS-137 programs of the past)

Improves government ability to trade requirements throughout the development cycle

Competition at the subsystem level (vice TSPR) widens the pool of vendors able to compete

Constrain contractor costs by evaporation of sole source Government develops and owns requirements and specifications Government competitively selects subsystem vendors The government has no business model impediments to the extensive

adoption of relevant open commercial standards and specifications

19

OA RADAR SPECIFICATION (OARS)

2

OARS Provides a Detailed Open Architecture Interface Definition Between Subsystems in an

Open and Non-Proprietary Manner

OARS DREX Specification

Open Architecture Radar Specifications

ASN RDA Open Architecture Guidance

ASAntenna

Subsystem

DREXSDigital Receiver

Exciter Subsystem

DBFSDigital Beam Former

Subsystem

HMISHuman-Machine

Interface Subsystem

NAVNavigation

System

DSPSDigital Signal

Processor Subsystem

CSCombatSystem

RCPSRadar Control Processor

Subsystem

Radar Controls& Status

Radar Operation Administrative Commands and Status

Processed Data

Beam Data

Element Data

Processed Data

10 MHz Source, 1 PPS, IRIG-B DCLS

Received Echo Signals

TransmitWaveforms

NAV Data

DAR Subsystems

External Systems

All Ethernet-Based Digital Messages

Timing Signal Lines

Analog Signal Lines

Cross-Platform Time-Of-Day Based Coordinated RF Timing and Control

ASYCHRONOUS FREQ-AGNOSTIC DIGITAL DOMAINTIME CRITICAL &

FREQ SPECIFIC ANALOG DOMAIN

20

CONCLUSIONS

ONR has a solid S&T foundation to support MOSA based ONR has a solid S&T foundation to support MOSA based systems of the futuresystems of the future

OA is a real enabler for making systems more affordableOA is a real enabler for making systems more affordable– Leverage commercial investment;– Enhance access to cutting edge technologies– Enhance commonality and reuse across platforms– Enable increased competition

Industry is a willing partner and its involvement is essential Industry is a willing partner and its involvement is essential in defining MOSA based architectures and standardsin defining MOSA based architectures and standards

“Specifying modular architecture and open software standards is essential to allow spiral development of optimal systems design - constant evolution in capabilities should be expected.”

-JASONS Summer Study Report 2008 21