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COMMANDANT ASHEESH SHARMA

INDIAN COAST GUARD

OIL SPILL RESPONSE AND HAZARDOUS

WASTE MANAGEMENT AT PORTS

SCOPE

� Overview

� Contingency plan

� Oil Spill Response: Ports

� Hazardous Waste Management

� Conclusion

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OVERVIEW

HISTORY

� An average of 24.5 number ofspills occurred per year from1970-79

� No of major oil spills till 2018:598 (>700 tons)

� Quantity of oil spilt till 2018:6.4 million tons (>7 tons)

� Environmental impact Unfathomable

� Combating Oil spill deemed necessary for clean & green environment

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CONVENTIONS

� MARPOL Convention adoptedon 02 November 1973 at IMO

� Protocol of 1978 adopted inresponse to a spate of tankeraccidents in 1976-1977

� IMO-OPRC conventionestablished measure to dealwith Pollution Control andResponse

INDIAN CONTEXT

� Third largest oil consumer inthe world

� Major SLOCs for oil tradepasses through IOR

� Major ports handles 7000POL tankers each year

� Over 80 companies involvedin operation of 228 offshoreblocks and fields

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CONTINGENCY PLAN

WHY CONTINGENCY PLAN…?

� Pre-emptive contingency plan

� Command, control, co-ordination and communication during any eventuality

� Roles & responsibilities of various stakeholders

� OPRC convention to establish measures to deal oil pollutionincidents, either nationally or in co-operation with other countries

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NATIONAL OIL SPILL DISASTER CONTINGENCY PLAN (NOS DCP)

� Responsibility for coordinatingmarine oil spills at seatransferred to ICG on 07 Mar 86from DG Shipping

� Draft National Oil Spill DisasterContingency Plan (NOS-DCP)prepared by ICG in 1988 andcirculated to concerned agenciesfor comments

� National Oil Spill DisasterContingency Plan published inJul 1996 and circulated to 190agencies. 67 of them beingparticipating agencies

NOS-DCP SALIENT FEATURES

� Effective system for detectionand reporting of spill

� Adequate measures forpreparedness in respect ofcombating oil spill

� Well defined Role &Responsibilities ofstakeholders

� Inventory Standards for Portfacilities, Oil HandlingAgencies & Coastal states

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COMBAT RESPONSIBILITIES

� Combat agencies have the operational authority to combat oilspill depending upon the location

OIL TERMINALS

PORTS

SHORELINE/INTERTIDAL

ZONE

BEYOND BASELINE

OFFSHORE PETROLEUM OPS

SOURCE/LOCATION

• Oil company/terminal operator

• Port Operator

• State Government authority

• MoD via ICG

• Relevant Company

RESPONSE MECHANISM

� Two compatible planning approaches

� Industry concept of tiered response

� Government Arrangements : Local, National & Regional level

International Capability GROUP THREE

GROUP TWO

GROUP ONE

Organization of National

FrameworkIndustry Concept of Tiered

Response

TIER THREE

TIER TWO

TIER ONE

Multi-National or Regional Capability

National Capability

AreaCapability

Local Capability

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RESPONSE MECHANISM

� Tiered Response mechanism in place

� Provides convenient categorisation and practical basis for planning

� NOSDCP details Tiers of response viz Tier-1, Tier-2, Tier-3

� Tier-1 response concerns with preparedness & immediate response tosmall spill

Tier-1

Small Spill

Additionalresourcesfrom otherports/ICG

Includestrained

manpower&

equipment

Agenciesbeing firstresponder

Response up to 700 tons

Within port/

facility

operator capacity

OIL SPILL RESPONSE: PORT

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PORT RESPONSIBILITIES

� Maintain Tier-1 Pollution Response capabilities

� Preparation and implementation of Facility Contingency Plan

� Training and Exercise

� Coordinate oil spill response in jurisdiction

RISK CATEGORISATION FOR PORT

Category Description

APort handling crudeoil/tanker visits/SPM/STS

B

Ports which handleproducts only

OR

Ports which handle shipscarrying > 1000 tons offuel/bunker oil

COther than Cat ‘A’ and Cat‘B’

SPM

SHIP TO SHIP TRANSFER

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PR INVENTORY STANDARDS FOR PORTS

EQ

UIP

ME

NT

DescriptionRisk Category

A B C

Inflatable Boom (meters) 2000 1000 600

Skimmer (20TPH) 06 04 02

OSD Applicator 04 03 01

Oil Spill Dispersant (litres) 3000 2,000 1,000

Bioremediation (litres) 2000 1000 1000

Flex Barge (10 Tons) 04 03 02

Boom sustainable in strong currents, if current within 4 knts (meters/nos)

400/2 400/2 --

Sorbent boom (min 5 inch dia, 5 ft length) 500 200 100

Sorbent Pads (Nos) 20x20 inch 2000 1000 500

Shoreline cleanup Equipment

Mini Vacuum pumps 05 02 01

Portable temporary storage facility

05 03 02

200 m Shoreline sealing boom 03 02 01

VE

SS

EL Work Boats

04 03 01

Tugs 04 03 01

MA

NP

OW

ER

IMO Level 1 20 15 10

IMO Level 2 10 07 05

Other 15 10 06

CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT

� Inflatable booms

� Category A to have variety ofbooms

OCEAN BOOM

BEACH SEALING BOOM FENCE BOOM

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RECOVERY EQUIPMENT

� 20 TPH capacity Skimmers

� Inventory to be maintaineddepending upon type of oilhandled

DISC SKIMMER

BRUSH SKIMMER

WEIR SKIMMER

STORAGE EQUIPMENT

� 10 Tons flex barge else dumbbarges

� Capacity can be providedonboard tugs also

PORTABLE TANKS

FLEX BARGES

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OIL SPILL DISPERSANT

� Ports to hold Oil SpillDispersant (OSD) as perinventory

� OSD held should be NIOcertified for usage in IndianWaters

� Usage of OSD to be undertakenas per Policy and Guidelines forUse of OSD in Indian Waters

� Sufficient OSD applicators tobe held

� Approval from ICG to besought prior usage

COAST GUARD RESOURCES

� Coast Guard also maintainsresources for mobilisation in caseof requirements.

� This includes Booms, skimmers ,barges etc.

INSHORE BOOMS

RIVER BOOMS

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� Skimmers with varied capacityare held with ICG

� This includes weir type, vortextype and rope type skimmers

WALOSEP SKIMMER

ROPE TYPE SKIMMERWEIR TYPE SKIMMER

COAST GUARD RESOURCES

HELI-SKIMMER SYSTEM

COAST GUARD RESOURCES

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FACILITY CONTINGENCY PLAN FOR PORTS

� All ports are required to have a Facility Contingency Plan (FCP) dulyapproved by ICG

� FCP should include following elements

Strategy

Introduction to FCP

Risk Assessment

Response Strategy

Equipment

Management

Communications

Actions & Operations

Initial procedures

Operations Planning

Control of Operations

Terminations

Maps/Charts

Coastal Facilities & Charts

Risk locations

Shoreline types & resources

Sea & coastal zone response

strategy

Storage/Disposal sites

Sensitivity mapping

Lists

Primary OSR Equipment

Auxiliary OSR equipment

Support Equipment

Manpower Sources

Experts & Advisors

Data

Commonly traded Oil

Wind & Weather

Information sources

SHADES OF ESI MAPPING

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GLIMPSE OF COAST VIS-A-VIS ESI CODE

ESI 7 ESI 8

ESI 9 ESI 10

� Endangered species taken into consideration during ESI mapping.

� Endangered species include..

� Birds � Marine mammals� Terrestrial mammals� Fish� Invertebrates� Reptiles

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SENSITIVE SOCIO ECONOMIC FEATURES

Aqua culture, fishing operations, tourist beaches, hotels, ports and industrial activities

ENVIRONMENT SENSITIVITY

MAPPING

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TRAINING & EXERCISE

� Mock drills and exercises beconducted at least once everyquarter

� Maintain record of exercise including personnel participated & resources mobilized

� IMO Level 1 & 2 be undertakenfor operator level & middlemanagement level respectively

COAST GUARD ASSISTANCE

� Oil Spill Contingency Plan

� Vetting, Approval and operationalization

� Pollution Response Equipment

� Audit and Inspection

� Train Personnel

� IMO Level-1 & Level-2

� Joint Exercises

� At Local, Regional and National level

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HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

WHAT IS …..HAZARDOUS WASTE…?

� Any waste threat to public health and environment

� Also includes disposal of protective clothing

� It is important to be familiar with legislation pertaining todisposal of hazardous waste which includes storage &transportation

� Treatments may be carried out to reduce the potential damagedone by hazardous waste prior final disposal

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HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT

� States of Gujarat, Maharashtraand Andhra Pradesh are topthree hazardous wastegenerators

� Data reveals , at 22 places in10 states land based TreatmentStorage and Disposal Facility(TDSFs) has been developed.

&

� 14 numbers of CommonIncinerators in 7 States and127 Nos. of individualincinerators in 12 States areinstalled in India.

COMMON HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATOR

LANDFILL SITE

DISPOSAL OF HAZARDOUS WASTE

� Recycling

� Treatment for ease in disposal:Physical, Chemical or Biological

� Solidification: Convert thewaste into insoluble rock hardsubstance

� Incineration : Thermal disposalof waste by burning

� Land disposal: Wastesequestered in permanentdisposal facility

INCINERATOR PLANT : MWML

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THANK YOU