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FORESIGHT AND PREVENTION
THROUGH
FLUID IMAGING
AND
PARTICLE ANALYSIS
Algae at the
Root of
Everyday Issues
Taste and Odor Shorter Filter Runs
Manganese Spikes
Can Careful Monitoring ofAlgal Population Dynamics Lead To Better Water Treatment Solutions?
Forecasted Regulations and
Cyanotoxins
Common Cyanobacteria in Your Water Resource
Microcystis Aphanizomenon Anabaena
Neurotoxins
Algal Blooms
Australia
Taken From: US Chapter on HABs in German FEA Book
www.whoi.edu
Distribution of Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs) in the U.S.
Messages Hidden in
the Algae?
Cyanotoxins?
Microcystis blooms Aphanizomenon Blooms Anabaena Blooms
Short Filter Runs?
Resilient Crustecea Aphanizomenon Blooms Anabaena Blooms
Manganese Spikes?
Columnar Variation Rapid Die Off Population Dynamics
Testing Your Technology?
Sound Frequency Solarbees Consultants Chlorophyll-A, Phycocyanins
EXPENSIVE CHEMICAL
AND
PHYSICAL MONITORING
Chemical Analysis
Anatoxin $300/Test
Saxitoxin $200/Test
Cylindrospermosin $200/Test
Microcystin $150/Test
Consultant Fees
Algae Monitoring $600/Week
Copper Sulfate $2/KG
Cutrine $10/Liter
www.astutelabs.net
www.anuaenv.ie
Traditional Light Microscopy
Time Consuming Procedure
Vague Approximations
Extreme Human Factor
Unassisted Morphology
One and Done
FlowCAM® Imaging System
3 Samples Run in Under 10 Min.
Internal Cytometer
Limiting Human Error
32 Digital Parameters Assist Morphology
Digital Memory Last a Long Time
Elevating Technology
“With the automated instrumentation, a single technician can do in minuteswhat used to take days with a microscope. And we can be more confidentin the data when taking action”
Betsy Reilly, MWRA
THE FLOWCAM® IMAGING SYSTEM
Technical Specs
• Fully self-contained (computer, monitor, etc. included)
• Four magnifications (2X, 4X, 10X and 20X) available to accommodate broad range of sample particle sizes (2µm to 2mm)
• Automatic Classification from Preset Filters
• Intuitive VisualSpreadsheet® software for data capture and analysis
• Many options available including cross-polarized illumination, 488 or 532nm laser, variable emission filters, color camera and many different flow cell sizes
• Processing Capability –• Flow – .1 ml/min to 12 ml/min• Concentration – 5,000,000 particles/ml
Quick Image Acquisition
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STp2r5aotfk&feature=youtu.be
SOME OF THE 30+ FLOWCAM IMAGE PARAMETERS
Morphological Parameters
• Length• Width• ESD• ABD• Aspect Ratio• Elongation• Perimeter• Particles per Chain• Relative Chlorophyll • Relative Phycoerythrin/Other• Scatter Signal Value
Image Parameters
• Transparency• Intensity• Sigma Intensity• Compactness• Roughness• Edge Gradient• Average Red• Average Green• Average Blue • Red/Green Ratio• Blue/Green Ratio• Red Blue Ratio
FLUID IMAGING TECHNOLOGIES
WATER TREATMENT GRANT PROGRAM
Grant Recipient
N.J. American WaterCanoe Brook Treatment FacilityShort Hills, New Jersey
Supervising Agent
Scott BrezinskiWater Quality SupervisorPassaic Operating Area
Project Intern
Michael CohrsPhysics Graduate StudentMontclair State University
Evaluate an Optimal Equipment Setup
Develop and Publish an Effective SOP
Collect, Analyze, and Interpret Effective Data
Publish and Present Results
FACTORS UNDER STUDY
Water Treatment Issues
-Manganese Spikes-Short Filter Runs-Cyanobacteria Monitoring-Technology Testing
Standard Operating Procedure-Sampling Procedure-Sample Processing-Sample Analysis-Classification Setup
Equipment Setup-Magnification/Flow Cell Configuration-Frames/Second vs Flow Speed-Data Captured
SAMPLE ACQUISITION
Van Dorn Sampler
Sample Locations: Intake Dock, Reservoir 1
Intake ValveBottom - 270 cmMiddle - 150 cmTop - 20 cm
Number of Samples
4 Depths3 Samples Each DepthCollected Twice a DayTotal: 24 Samples/Day
June July August September October
1 AP 9 AP 24
2 AP 24 AP 24
3 NAPS 20 AP 24 AP - 10x 24
4 AP 24 AP 12
5 AP 24 AP 24
6 AP 24 AP 24
7 AP 24
8 NAPS 20 AP 24
9 AP 24 AP 24
10 NAPS 20 AP 24 Noon - 10x 6 * Van Dorn Start 7/17 & PPML excel
11 AP 24 ** Start of Crustecea 7/30
12 NAPS 20 AP 24 AP 24 *** FC 200 Start 8/21
13 AP 24 ****AP 24 ****Manganese Start
14 AP 24
15 NAPS 20 AP 24 NAPS = NOON/AM/PM/Surface
16 AP 24 AP 24 AP = AM/PM
17 * AP 24 AP 24
18 AP 24
19 AP 24 AP 24
20 AP 24 AP 24
21 *** AP 24
22 AP 24
23 Bill AP 24 AP 24
24 N-A-P-S 3 AP-10x 24 AP 24
25 AP 24 AP 24
26 NAPS 20 AP 24 AP 24
27 AP 24
28 NAPS 20 AP 24
29 AP 24 AP 24
30**AP-10x-
4x/100 24 AP 24
31 AP 24 Total
Total Files 43 268 489 432 90 1322
Total Days 3 13 21 18 5
Sample Schedule 2013
HARDWARE CONFIGURATIONS
4x/300 µm Flow Cell
Too Many Blurry Images
Highest Efficiency – 33%
Little to No Clogging
Somewhat Unreliable
4x/200 µm Flow Cell
Highest Efficiency – 73%
Basically Field of View
Little Clogging
Effective for Quantification
10x/100 µm Flow Cell
Highest Efficiency – 22%
Strong Images
Clogging Disrupts Counts
Great for Identification
ALGAE CLASSIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION
Auto-Classification
Classification Window for Quick and Automatic Classification
Export Count Summaries to
Excel Worksheet
Build Filters for Specific
Parameters of Interest
Build Your Own Image Libraries
Isolate Selected Images from Multiple Samples Into One Easy to Access Database
Use Libraries to Create Filters for
Simple Classification
Easy Sort and Data Recording
Sorting Using Preset Filter Unique to Your Images
Sort and Filter Through over 32
Digital Parameters
Easy Sorting by Statistical Algorithms
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Created the SOPs
Optimized the Equipment Setup
Unraveled the Classification System
Began the Development of Image Libraries
Uncovered a Few Possible Treatment
Indicators
Cyanobacteria Monitoring
Manganese Spikes
Filter Clogging Particles
Technology Verification
CYANOBACTERIA MONITORING
Accurate Population Dynamics So You Know When to Test and Treat
Save Money on Cyanotoxin Tests
Treat Only When Necessary
Taste and Odor Issues Controlled
Microcystis Aphanizomenon Anabaena
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Anabaena
Aphanizomenon
Microcystis
MANGANESE SPIKES
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Intake
270 cm
150 cm
20 cm
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
Manganese
Particles Per mL
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Intake
270 cm
150 cm
20 cm
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Manganese
Particles Per mL
Columnar Variation
Rapid Die Off
FILTER CLOGGING PARTICLES
The Usual Suspects
Public Enemy Number One
Surviving the Gauntlet
Potassium Permanganate
Ozone
Sulfuric Acid
Aluminum Sulfate
Cationic Polymer
AphanizomenonAnabaena
TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION
Sound Wave Frequency Population Control
Solar Bee Mixers
Photosynthetic Algae Quantification
Consultant Credibility
www.twdb.texas.govwww.wetland.co.nz
www.ysi.com
INVESTING IN THE FUTURE
www.algaeindustrymagazine.com
Creation of the Process Water MarketsDirector: Camilo DenBrok
PWM Application EngineerMichael Cohrs
Grant ProgramsMarine and Freshwater ResearchAlgae Technology ResearchLife Sciences and Materials Research
"We at Fluid Imaging Technologies believe there are multiple opportunities to enhance process control in the water and wastewater market resulting in time and cost savingsby using our game-changing dynamic imaging particle analysis technology, FlowCAM."
Water Treatment Applications
Waste Water Applications
ON THE DRAWING BOARDIN COLLABORATION WITH INDUSTRY LEADERS AND ACADEMIC COMMUNITIES
Floc Analysis
Microbial Floc Analysis
Zooplankton
Invasive Species
Filter Fouling Algae
Grit Removal
CyanoCAM
Filter Medium Analysis
Taste and Odor Issues
Macroscopic Particulate Analysis
Stormwater Particulate Analysis
Wastewater Treatment Control
Water Treatment Management and Wastewater Treatment Applications
www.kotaku.com.au
QUESTIONS AND COMMENTS
Fluid Imaging Technologies200 Enterprise DriveScarborough Maine, 04074
Camilo DenBrokFluid Imaging Technologies
Director of Sales, Process Water Markets [email protected]
404-414-1636
Michael CohrsFluid Imaging Technologies
Applications Engineer, Process Water [email protected]
(973) 650-6152
