News from the NSF Division of News from the NSF Division of PhysicsPhysics

Joe DehmerJoe DehmerDivision of PhysicsDivision of Physics

BPABPANovember 6, 2009November 6, 2009

AMOPPhysics

ElementaryParticle Physics

Part. & Nucl.Astrophysics

Physics Front.Centers

TheoreticalPhysics

NuclearPhysics

Physics @Inform. Front.

GravitationalPhysics

Education &Interdisc. Res.

Accelerator Phy.& Phy. Instrum.

Division of Physics

Physics of Living Systems

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PHYSICSPHYSICS** FRONTIERSFRONTIERS, circa , circa 20092009•• BoseBose--Einstein Condensates, Atom Einstein Condensates, Atom ““LasersLasers””•• Dark Matter, Dark EnergyDark Matter, Dark Energy, Cosmology, Cosmology•• Gravitational Waves (GW), GW AstronomyGravitational Waves (GW), GW Astronomy•• New Fundamental Particles and Laws > New Fundamental Particles and Laws > TeVTeV•• νν physics and astrophysicsphysics and astrophysics•• String Theory, String Theory, BranesBranes, Duality, Quantum Gravity, Duality, Quantum Gravity•• QuarkQuark--Gluon Plasma, Supernova DynamicsGluon Plasma, Supernova Dynamics•• UltraUltra--Fast, UltraFast, Ultra--Intense Laser FieldsIntense Laser Fields•• CyberscienceCyberscience, Quantum Information Science, Quantum Information Science•• Biophysics of Single Molecules, Cells, NetworksBiophysics of Single Molecules, Cells, Networks•• Complexity, Emergent BehaviorComplexity, Emergent Behavior* CMP in Division of Materials Research* CMP in Division of Materials Research

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BROAD, COMMUNITYBROAD, COMMUNITY--BASED ADVICEBASED ADVICE

•• Ad Hoc and Panel ReviewsAd Hoc and Panel Reviews•• Committee of VisitorsCommittee of Visitors•• High Energy Physics Advisory PanelHigh Energy Physics Advisory Panel•• Nuclear Science Advisory CommitteeNuclear Science Advisory Committee•• Astronomy and Astrophysics Advisory CommitteeAstronomy and Astrophysics Advisory Committee•• Mathematical and Physical Sciences Advisory Mathematical and Physical Sciences Advisory

CommitteeCommittee•• American Physical Society DivisionsAmerican Physical Society Divisions•• National Research Council CommitteesNational Research Council Committees•• National Science and Technology Council Working National Science and Technology Council Working

GroupsGroups•• WorkshopsWorkshops

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An Example of Emergence of New An Example of Emergence of New Discovery PotentialDiscovery Potential

• What is dark matter?• What is dark energy?• How did the universe begin?• Was Einstein right about gravity?• How have ν shaped the universe?• What are nature’s most energetic

particles?• Are protons stable?• Are there new states of matter at

exceedingly high density/energy?• Are there additional dimensions?• How were elements Fe to U

made?• Is a new theory needed at the

highest energies and EM Fields?

AstroparticleAstroparticle Physics ProjectsPhysics Projects• Gravitational Waves: LIGO/AdvLIGO (GEO, VIRGO, TAMA,

11 countries)

• Cosmological Neutrinos: IceCube (NSF-OPP, Germany, Sweden, Belgium)

• Underground Physics: DUSEL (DOE-HEP, NP)

• Dark Matter: CDMS, XENON, WARP, ZEPLIN, LUX, DRIFT, COUPP (NSF-AST, DOE-HEP, INFN, PPARC, Germany, Poland)

• Cosmic Rays: AUGER, HiRes, TA, Veritas, Milagro (NSF-AST, DOE-HEP, Japan, Korea, Canada, Ireland, Smithsonian, 17 more countries)

• Neutrinos: Borexino, Double Chooz, CUORE (DOE- NP, INFN, France, Germany, Brazil, Japan, Russia, Spain, UK)

• Structure of the Universe: ACT, SPT (NSF-AST, OPP)

• B-Mode Polarization of CMB: QUIET (NSF-AST)

• Origin of the Elements: NSCL (DOE-NP)

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Recent Sources of Community Recent Sources of Community InputInput

NRC Physics 2010Reports

Workshops

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34 Agencies fund ATLAS

31 Agencies fund CMS

Billion-dollar detectors

TOTEM

LHCb

ALICE

27 km Tunnel in Switzerland & France

CMS

ATLAS

Large Hadron Collider at CERNLarge Hadron Collider at CERN

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL)Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory (DUSEL)

Davis CavernSep 21, 2009

• DUSEL is being envisioned as a unique,  dedicated international underground  education & research facility that would  support potentially transformational  experiments in multiple disciplines.

• The U.S. particle, nuclear, and  astrophysics communities have selected  DUSEL as central to their national  programs.

• The engineering, geology and biology  communities are proactively engaged,  and participate in all aspects of DUSEL  planning.

• Development focused on the former  Homestake Gold Mine (Lead, SD), the  deepest mine in North America.

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P5

NSF Annual Review

NSFReview

P5

NSFReview

NSF Review

PDR

NSACLRP

PASAGS4 Awards

NSB Approves PDR

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Davis CavernSep 21, 2009

Ray Davis1965

Homestake Homestake –– Home to the Davis Detector (Nobel Prize, Physics, 2002) Home to the Davis Detector (Nobel Prize, Physics, 2002) 

Raymond Davis, Jr. was awarded the 2002 Nobel Prize  in Physics "for pioneering contributions to  astrophysics, in particular for the detection of cosmic  neutrinos." He was the first scientist to detect solar  neutrinos, ghostlike particles produced in the nuclear  reactions that power the sun. In research from 1967– 1985 conducted at the Homestake Gold Mine, he  consistently found only one‐third of the neutrinos  that standard theories predicted. Experiments in the  1990s using different detectors around the world  eventually confirmed the solar neutrino discrepancy.

Raymond Davis, Jr.

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Open Cut

Ross Complex

Water Treatment Plant

1km

Yates Complex

Kirk Canyon Access

Town of Lead

Aerial View of Homestake Site

SDSTA Surface Rights

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4850’ Lab Modules

Large Cavity

#6 Winze

Ross ShaftYates Shaft

300’ Campus

4850’ Campus

7400’ Campus

Lab Moduleat 7400

Davis Cavity

Deep DrillingFacility at 7400’

New Winze

Currently Envisioned DUSEL Laboratory FootprintCurrently Envisioned DUSEL Laboratory Footprint

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• Initiated at Town Meeting at NSF, March 2004.

• Solicitation 1 (S1):– Define site‐independent science scope and infrastructure needs; 

unify the community (awarded Jan 2005).

• Solicitation 2 (S2):– Develop conceptual designs (8 received, 2 awarded, Sep 2005).

• Solicitation 3 (S3):– Site selection to initiate facility design for 1 potential MREFC candidate 

(4 received, 1 awarded – Homestake, U.C. Berkeley).

– Total facility design:  $47M from FY 2007 through FY 2011.  

• Solicitation 4 (S4):  – Initiate technical designs for candidates for the DUSEL suite of

experiments.

– 25 proposals received January 9, 2009; reviewed spring 2009.– $21M total over three years, beginning in FY09.

DUSEL Solicitation ProcessDUSEL Solicitation Process

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Design of DUSEL Facility & InfrastructureDesign of DUSEL Facility & Infrastructure

• First NSF annual review of the DUSEL Design Project held at  U.C. Berkeley in January 2009.

– 25‐member multi‐disciplinary expert panel.

• Recommended a proposal be submitted to NSF by UCB for  funds to complete Preliminary Design. 

• Proposal submitted May 2009, reviewed by NSF.

• Panel recommended to the NSF that proposal “must be  funded.”

• Put forward for consideration by the National Science Board  in August and September 2009.

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• Nine proposals funded in physics.– Dark matter

– Neutrino‐less double‐beta decay

– Large water Cerenkov detector (multipurpose)

– Underground accelerator

– Assaying sub‐facility

• Total physics awards:  $21M over 3 years.

• Seven proposals funded in BIO,  GEO & ENG sciences:– Fracture processes

– Coupled processes

– Subsurface imaging and sensing

– Fiber optic strain monitoring

– CO2 sequestration

– Eco‐hydrology & deep drilling

• Total BGE awards:  $3M.

NSF is committed to a rich, diverse, and  multi‐disciplinary DUSEL research program.

• Solicitation 4 (S4):  called for proposals to develop designs and pursue  targeted R&D for potential candidates for the DUSEL suite of  experiments.

• 25 proposals received; 300 senior researchers named; 91 institutions.

Developing the DUSEL Experimental Program:  S4Developing the DUSEL Experimental Program:  S4

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DUSEL Target Timeline for MREFCDUSEL Target Timeline for MREFC

• January ’09:  NSF Project Review #1.

• February ’10:  NSF Project Review #2.

• December ’10:  NSF Preliminary Design Review  (PDR).

• Spring ’11:  Presentation of DUSEL MREFC proposal  to National Science Board.

Above targets an FY 2013 construction start.  

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NSF/DOE CollaborationNSF/DOE Collaboration

• NSF/DOE agreed to establish DUSEL Physics Joint Oversight  Group (JOG) immediately after release of P5 report (May ’08).– NSF/PHY, DOE/OHEP, DOE/ONP.– Builds on successful NSF & DOE collaboration on Large Hadron Collider 

(LHC) in high energy physics.

• DUSEL JOG will coordinate & oversee DUSEL experimental  physics program.

• DUSEL JOG Joint Statement of Intent transmitted to  OMB/OSTP by NSF Director and DOE Under Secretary for  Science (Aug ’09).– MoU in approximately 1 year.

– Close coordination of evolving design.– Joint review process.

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• South Dakota Science and Technology Authority (SDSTA)  holds $124M for development of Sanford Laboratory.– $70M private benefactor (Sanford), $44M state SD, $10M HUD.

• Will fund:– Education center.– Reentry and partial refurbishment of 4850L & 7400L.

– Operations & Maintenance of Sanford Laboratory activities.

• 80+ staff hired to date.• SDSTA began mine re‐entry late July 2007.  Dewatering 

& treatment began 21 April 2008.

• 4850L dry since May 2009 and being prepared to support  early science experiments.

South Dakota Development of Sanford LabSouth Dakota Development of Sanford Lab

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P5 RecommendationsP5 Recommendations

• The Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5)  is a sub‐panel of the High Energy Physics Advisory  Panel (HEPAP).

• Charged in Jan 2008 by NSF and DOE with recommending  a 10‐year road map for particle physics.  

• From Executive Summary May 2008:

• Fermilab/DUSEL program recommended by P5 constitutes the primary element of the on‐shore U.S. particle physics program during the coming  decade.   

“The panel recommends a world‐class neutrino program as a core  component of the US program, with the long‐term vision of a large  detector in the proposed DUSEL laboratory and a high‐intensity  neutrino source at Fermilab.”

“The panel endorses the importance of a deep underground  laboratory to particle physics and urges NSF to make this facility a  reality as rapidly as possible. Furthermore the panel recommends that  DOE and NSF work together to realize the experimental particle  physics program at DUSEL.”

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(Excludes large cavities)

Worldwide Underground ResearchWorldwide Underground Research

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Community Planning Activities & Reports

• Community Activities, Advisory Committee Reports – Bahcall Report (2001)– Nuclear Science Advisory Committee (NSAC) Long‐Range Plan (2002)– International Workshop on Neutrinos and Subterranean Science (NESS, 2002)– High Energy Physics Advisory Committee (HEPAP) Long‐Range Plan (2003) – EarthLab (2003)– DOE 20‐yr. Facility Plan (2003)– The Neutrino Matrix (Four APS Divisions, 2004)– Quantum Universe – The Revolution in 21st Century Particle Physics (2004)– Deep Science (2006)– The Frontiers of Nuclear Science: A Long Range Plan (2007), Nuclear Science 

Advisory Committee (NSAC). – Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5): A Strategic Plan for the Next 

Ten Years (2008)

• National Research Council, National Science and Technology Council  Reports– Connecting Quarks to the Cosmos (2003)– Neutrinos and Beyond (2003)– Physics of the Universe – A Strategic Plan for Federal Research at the Intersection of 

Physics and Astronomy (2004)– Revealing the Hidden Nature of Space and Time (EPP2010, 2006)