New Challenges in the 14th Century:

Black Plague

Timur Lang (r. 1361-1405)

Bubonic plague - buboes

Septicaemic plague

Pneumonic plague

1347 Plague sweeps into the Muslim world

1382 Circassian mamluks take power fromTurkish mamluks in Mamluk Sultanate

Physical and psychological impact

Sultan Hasan Mosque/Tomb/Madrasa(religious college) Complex,Cairo (bt. 1356-63)

Dome of the Rock (bt. 691)

1361 Timur Lang (Temür Leng/ Tamerlane/Tamburlaine/Temür the Lame, r. 1361-1405)comes to power

1370 Timur takes control of Transoxiana,launches campaigns to east and west

1390s Timur crushes Toqtamish of Golden Horde

1398 Timur invades India, sacks Delhi

Map Link: The Timurid Empire:

<http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Timurid_Dynasty_821_-_873_%28AH%29.png>

1399 Timur destroys Sivas

1400 Timur sacks Aleppo and Damascus

1401 Timur sacks Baghdad

1402 Timur defeats Bayezit at Ankara

Gur-e Amir Complex, Samarqand (bt. 1403)

Motives?

State based in Persia and Iraq

Militarised administration

Culture – Shah Rukh (r. 1405-47)

Capital in Samarqand

Maintaining support

Erratic religiosity?

Civil war following death

New Challenges in the 14th Century:

Black Plague

Timur Lang (r. 1361-1405)

Nizam al-Din Shami/Nizam-i Shami(d. before 1412)

Persian chronicler, possibly from Tabriz

Says was one of first to submit to Timurwhen Timur arrived at Baghdad in 1393

Later accused of spying for Timur, imprisonedat Aleppo, so there when Timur took cityin 1400. Joined Timur’s retinue

Nizam al-Din Shami/Nizam-i Shami(d. before 1412)

In 1401-2 was commanded by Timur to writehistory of his conquests Zafar-Nama,completed 1404