Upload
mohd-qisti
View
221
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
1/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
8.0 SURVEYORS OVERALL ASSESSMENT
Based on the analysis, an overall assessment for Aula Timur can be done in order to
maintain the building for a long time.
8.1 Surveyors overall opinion
Aula Timur is used as a hall since it is fully accomplished until now. It has a good
condition and its design is complied to play as a hall. The structural frameworks and fabrics are
adequate and the building has no problem in structural.
From the observation, the services are not adequate because the building is lack of
lamps and sockets. Furthermore, there are a lot of lamps and sockets that cannot be used
anymore. (Refer Appendix H: Figure 7.0 and Figure 8.0). These show that the building does not
have a proper maintenance. There are also a few services that need to be renewed because
the building still used old services system such as electrical services, drainage system, gutters
and rainwater down pipes.
The designer had built a building named Aula Barat at the same time and functioning as
a hall as well. Aula Barat is similar to this building but there is a lot of additional that have been
done to Aula Timur such as partition wall for rooms, condition of Aula Timur is considered as
quite good compared to Aula Barat. This is because Aula Barat has many defects than Aula
Timur. Most of the elements in this building are poor compared to this modernization era. For
example, Aula Timur needs to have a sound proof wall. This is due to its function as a hall,
where there are a lot of official ceremonies held there. Besides that, this building does not have
ramp and toilet for disable people. There is also no fire fighting system available for this building
and this make the safety of the occupants is questionable .Rather than that, the maintenance of
this building is very poor and it is seriously need to be improved as there are too many defected
elements and services.
35
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
2/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 1.0: pie chart of defects categories
Source: field study
Figure 2.0: pie chart of defects types
Source: field study
36
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
3/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
8.2 Areas of Concern
In this building, the most serious type of defects detected is wet rot. As the Aula Timur
use timber as its main construction material, lack of maintenance to this building cause it to
have very serious defects especially on timber elements. Wet rot can be found in many places,
located at the timber under the gutter whish is being used as an outer decorative landscape.
Due to its location which is located just under the broken gutter and totally exposed to driving
rain, wet rot growth in this area is very serious causing the timber structure totally lost its
strength.
Figure 3.0: pie chart of defects elements
Source: field study
37
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
4/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 4.0: pie chart of remedial for defects
Source: field study
8.3 Summary of repairs
After observing the building, the most serious faults discovered are on outside timber for
decorative landscape and column which need immediate replacement or maintenance. The best
recovering work for the timber as the current condition is very serious is to replace the timber
with insulated with anti-fungus chemical region. Remedial work for column need to carry out
by structural engineer as the reason of cracking is not clear. Gutter and rainwater down pipe
used for this building also need to be replaced as there are too many leakages occur due to
very serious corrosion. Drainage system also needs to have immediate maintenance as the
system is not properly connected due to crack problem.
Other than that, some elements need to be added to this building such as sound proof
wall and also ramp and toilet for disable people. Observation also discovers that this building
should comply with current regulation for fire safety such as providing fire escape and
equipments. Then, the management should carry out planned maintenance done by
38
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
5/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
professionals who has the expertise in traditional building. With this, it shows the importance of
having a proper maintenance work for a building, so that all the building components can be in
good condition and the life of expectancy increases.
-----------------------------------------------
(NADHIRAH MOHD MUHIYUDDIN)
13th June 2008
39
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
6/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
REFERENCES
References that have been used in order to complete the report are listed below:
1. http://www.itb.com.id/map
2. http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/
3. http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=tra
ditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgb
TFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1
4. Defects in Building: Symptoms, Investigations, Diagnosis and Cure, London: The
Stationary Office Ltd.
40
http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://www.tropicalbuildings.com/products/shingle-roofing/http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M1http://books.google.com.my/books?id=05dHTnMM6y4C&pg=PA277&lpg=PA277&dq=traditional+roof%2Bmaclaine+pont&source=web&ots=tSwBUK_FiV&sig=IGaaMl0xPwrHgbTFRNFjFUVA6Zw&hl=en#PPA278,M18/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
7/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
APPENDICES
A LOCATION PLAN
B SITE PLAN
C FLOOR PLAN
D ELEVATION PLAN
E CEILING PLAN
F ROOF PLAN
G PICTURE OF AULA TIMUR
H PICTURES (OTHERS)
I MEASUREMENT TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
41
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
8/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
42
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
9/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 5.0: plant growth at gutter
Source: field study
Figure 6.0: inaccessible room
Source: field study
43
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
10/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 7.0: socket at floor Figure 8.0: no floor covering
Source: field study Source: field study
Figure 9.0: crack at drain Figure 10.0: crack at drain
Source: field study Source: field study
44
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
11/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Figure 11.0: window that surrounds the building
Source: field study
Figure 12.0: ventilation at wall Figure 13.0: ventilation at below roof level
Source: field study Source: field study
45
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
12/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
MEASUREMENT TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
Moisture Meter
Moisture meters are used to measure the percentage of water in a given substance. This
information can be used to determine if the material is ready for use, unexpectedly wet or dry, or
otherwise in need of further inspection. Moisture meter used for measurement and analysis of
Aula Timur has two type of reading which are concrete and timber. This tool is used by just put
the metal point of the moisture meter to the element and reading can be taken automatically.
This tool is very useful to determine causes of defect whether it is caused by excessive moisture
or not.
46
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
13/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Dimension Master
The Laser Dimension Master uses a (Polaroid) narrow ultrasonic beam to measure fast
and efficiently, and with its built-In laser pointer, lets you see exactly where you're measuring.
Fast & precise, with measuring from 2 feet (0.6 m) up to 50 feet (15.2 m) indoors with 99%
accuracy with an easy to read display and simple read-out in feet and inches, or metres and
millimetres. Simple to use, just aim and press a button and when the unit beeps, you've got a
measurement. In this measurement and analysis for Aula Timur, ceiling height which is
unreachable, can be easily and accurately taken by using this tool. However, this tool cannot be
used if the ceiling level is not 90 degrees in angle.
Distance Meter
47
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
14/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
The innovative hand-held laser meter is used for fast and easy distance measurements
of length, squares and volumes. An electronic distance meter is an instrument that both sends
and receives an electromagnetic signal. Depending on the distance between the EDM and
reflector, the wavelength of the returned signal will be out of phase with the transmitted signal.
The instrument compares the phase of the transmitted and received signals and measures the
phase difference electronically. This tool also added with trigonometric function and automatic
calculation which is very useful to calculate height which is unreachable. In the measurement
and analysis study of Aula Timur, this tool is used to get fast and easy distance measurement
and widely used for floor plan and elevation measurement. The weaknesses of this tool are it is
more prone to error compared to measuring tape and also the laser point cant be seen in very
sunny day.
Spirit Level
A spirit level or bubble level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is
level or plumb. Different types of spirit levels are used by carpenters, stone masons, bricklayers,
other building trades workers, surveyors, millwrights and other metalworkers, and serious
videographers. Spirit level used for surveyor look just like the picture above. Spirit level was
used in measurement of Aula Timur to determine whether the floor and wall is level. This is very
important in setting a datum line to avoid error in measurement.
48
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
15/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Tripod
Tripod is used along with the theodolite where tripod is used to level the theodolite to
ensure there are no error occurs in measurement. Tripod features usually are it has adjustable
height, milled platform rotated through 360 and rubber pads to provide stability on hard and
slippery surface.
Staff
49
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
16/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Staff also is used along the theodolite to determine height from 90 level of theodolite to
the datum line of the building Staff usually comes with special features of E graduation coloured
red and black to provide long distance reading while centimetre division is not visible. Every E
symbol is 5cm in height and overall height of staff usually is 1.19m to 4.00m.Staff also provided
with bubble vial to avoid plumb positioning. Measurement for Aula Timur use staff provided by
ITB, unfortunately some of the important features of the staff are missing such as E graduation
and bubble vial as the staff is made up by ITB itself. All elevation measurement of Aula Timur
use staff to determine height from datum line to 90 level of theodolite.
Theodolite
Theodolite is equipment used by surveyor to determine angle of targeted point, usually
done to determine vertical height. Theodolite featuring high magnifying telescope, digital reading
for horizontal and vertical degree, bubble vial and built in optical plummet. Measurement for
elevation of Aula Timur was really depended on this equipment which is the only equipment that
can determine the height of the building.
50
8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
17/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Magnetic Compass
A compass is an instrument containing a freely suspended magnetic element which
displays the direction of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at the point of
observation. Compass is used at Aula Timur to determine the North field of Earth.
Magnifying Glass
A magnifying glass is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an
object. A magnifying glass works by creating a magnified virtual image of an object behind the
lens. The distance between the lens and the object must be shorter than the focal length of the
lens for this to occur. Otherwise, the image appears smaller and inverted, and can be used to
51
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics)#Types_of_lenseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_lengthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics)#Types_of_lenseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnificationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_imagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal_length8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
18/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
project images onto surfaces. This tool is used widely in analyzing defects such as crack, wet
rot and so on to determine the category of the defects.
Binoculars
Binoculars, (also known as field glasses) are two identical ormirror-symmetrical
telescopes mounted side-by-side and aligned to point accurately in the same direction, allowing
the viewer to use both eyes (binocular vision) when viewing distant objects. Most are sized to be
held using both hands, although there are much larger types.As Aula Timur has so many
unreachable places such as at roof and upper window, binocular is very useful to determine its
type of material and condition.
Measuring Tape
52
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telescopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binocular_visionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Tape_measure.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirrorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_telescopehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binocular_vision8/14/2019 Aula Timur 6
19/19
AULA TIMURBANDUNG INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
A tape measure or measuring tape is a flexible form ofruler. It consists of a ribbon of
cloth, plastic, or metal with linear-measure markings, often in both imperial and metric units.
Surveyors use tape measures in lengths on the order ofhectometres. It is a convenient,
common measuring tool. Its flexibility allows for a measure of great length to be easily carried in
pocket or toolkit and permits one to measure around curves or corners. Aula Timur
measurement and analysis use measuring tape to determine length which cannot be
determined by distance meter such as column skirting size.
53
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor_(surveying)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectometrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rulerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperial_unithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surveyor_(surveying)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hectometre