Network Hardware and Software Configuration

8/3/2019 Network Hardware and Software Configuration

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Done by : abdallah mansour ( k-71005009 )

Muthana mahmoud (k 91058001 )


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Outlinesy Physical network topology and star topology

y Type of network based on size, Management method and topology

y Shape of the networ0k

y Benefits \Disadvantages

y Subnet mask - Range IP/class

y The transmission media is : unshielded twisted pair (UTP) category 5

y To embed LLC we are going to use the Ethernet technology. Its mainfeatures

y The network components that are used are modem, router, switch, andaccess point.

y Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

y Infrared vs. Bluetooth


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Physical network topology and

)(wiredstar topologystar topologyPhysical network topology

the data passes through

the network fromone

devicetothe next

withoutregard tothe

physical interconnectionofthe devices

Logical network topology


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Type of network based on:

LANSize

Peer to peerManagement method

Star topologytopology


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Shape of the network


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Benefitsy Simplicity of operation

y It achieves an isolation of each device in the network

y Easy to install and to maintain and to troubleshooty Security of data


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Disadvantagesy If the switch fails the entire network fails

y Noise is generated on the network in a star topology

y Expensive to instally Extra hardware required


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Subnet mask-Range IP/classy Used class C

y The IP range from (192.168.100.1) to (192.168.100.254)

y The subnet mask is : (255.255.255.0)


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The transmission media is : unshielded

twisted pair (UTP) category 5Cat 5Grade

unshielded twisted pair (UTP) category 5Media type

Cheap dont cover long distancesAdvantages / disadvantages

100 MbpsMax data rate

Up to 100 MHZFrequency

100 meters (328 feet)Max distance

4 pairsNumber of pairs

EthernetUsesRJ45Types ofconnector


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To embed LLC we are going to use the

Ethernet technology. Its main features are:y Logical Control

yThe IEEEs Project 802 started in 1985, and also known as;Ethernet. Its goal was to enhance the OSI network layersmodel, which subdivided the data link layer into sub layerswith different and separated functionality. These sub-layersare

yLogic Link Control

y

Thi

sc

ontrols the flawsi

n the system and also provi

desflow. This is represented in the upper layers of OSI model.

yLogic Link Control also provides a single data link controlfor all IEEE LANs and it also provides interconnectivitybetween the different LANs


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To embed LLC we are going to use the Ethernet

technology. Its main features are: ( cont )

yMedia Access ControlyThis outlines the access method and framing in which the format is

specific to the corresponding LAN compact.yEthernet Technology

yEthernet is mainly used as a connecting factor for LANs, and it wasinvented in 1967 and it has been evolving for the four past generationsand ofcourse, during todays time. These FOUR generations are:

tandardEthernet, fast Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, and TengigabitEthernet.

yThe frame of whichdata is received from contains SEVEN fields:Preamble (warns the receiver for incoming file or package), SFD(itsignals the start of the frame), Destination Address(address ofreceiver), SourceAddress(address of sender), Length/ Type(the givensize of type), Data, CRC(checks for error presence).


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The network components that are used are

modem, router, switch, and access point.

y Modem: This is where the conversion of digital signalinto analog signals takes place and it takes place in the

physic

al layer of the OS

I model. Connecting toexternal networks such as the internet, the data that is

transmitted over the ISP link is using analog signal.And when signal is coming from the ISP link, which isanalog like mentioned above, the modem converts itback into digital signals.


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The network components that are used are

modem, router, switch, and access point. ( cont )

yRouter: The connecting factor between differentnetworks and it functions at the network layer of the

OS

I model.ySwitch: main device in the Ethernet network and it

operates at the Data Link Layer of the OSI model, andit established the required connection between clients

wi

thi

n the network.yAccess point: This is the device used in wireless base

scenarios, and it connects clients with each other.


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Physical network topology and

(wireless)star topology

star topologyPhysical network topologythe data passes through the networkfrom one device to the next withoutregard to the physical interconnectionof the devices

Logical network topology


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Type of network based on \ advantagesy Size : W-LAN

y Topology : star

y any remote or mobile can access the network

y low cost because we didnt use cables

y faster because we used N-technology ( 108 mbps )while wired ( 100 mbps )


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And subnet maskRange IP/classy class c

y Range 192.168.100.1 192.168.100.254

y 255.255.255.0


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number of access pointsy Number ofcomputers is 50 so access points we used is

2 ( 1 access = 25 device )


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Frequency Hopping Spread

Spectrumy (FHSS) is the repeated switching of frequencies during a

radio signal transition. Its been used more often in recentyears, where the spread spectrum enables signals to be

transmi

tted ac

ross a frequenc

y band thati

s muc

h wi

derthan the minimum bandwidth hat is required by the signalthat transmits information.

y The main advantages of (FHSS) are that the signals arehighly resistant to the interference of narrowband, andthey are difficult to intercept, and the transmission can

share a frequency band with many kinds ofconventionaltransmissions with minimum interference.

y (FHSS) is popularly used in the military to provideprotection against eavesdropping and such.


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Frequency Hopping Spread

Spectrum ( cont )Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum

y In this spectrum, unlike the one mentioned prior, the transmitted radio

y signal takes up more bandwidth that the information signals itself.

y The Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum creates chips in its phase where a sinewave pseudorandomly with a continuous string of pseudonoise code symbols.Each of these chips has a much shorter duration than an information bit in aninformation signal; this is because the information bit is modulated by asequence of much faster chips.

y The benefits of this spectrum is that builds resistance to intended/intended

radio signal jamming that may disrupt communications, it also creates a sharedchannel among two or more users, it also reduces the noise created by thesignal, and finallyit determined the timing between the transmitter and thereceiver.

y One use of this spectrum would be in theUnited States GPS navigationsystem.


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Infrared vs. Bluetoothy Looking at the aspect of versatility, the majority of

Bluetooth devices can work together, however, when itcomes to infrared devices such as a simple TV remotec

ontrol, they need to be desi

gned speci

fic

ally for speci

fic

devices. So for example, a Toshiba #1 remote control willonly work with Toshiba #1 TV.

y Range wise, Bluetooth devices may work within a range of30 feet however, infrared device will not and they rangebetween 3-5 feet only. Ifit did work under some

circumstances at a higher range itll be poor.y Connectivity wise, infrared devices onlycreate a one to one

connection however; Bluetooth devices can connect withmultiple devices as long as theyidentify themselves to eachother.


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Infrared vs. Bluetooth (cont)y Bluetoothcan be less secure than infrared devices because Bluetooth devices connect with

multiple devices but infrared signals can only be intercepted by the one and only device it isconnected to which makes it nearlyimpossible to break into the device at the other end.

y Benefits of Bluetooth

y Bluetooth is inexpensive: It is cheap to implement and can cost the company or the individualnot much, which means the savings will go back to the implementer.

y Bluetooth is automatic: It does not require you to do anything to set it up.

y Bluetooth is upgradeable: there are continuously newer versions which offer many newupdated advantages.

y Benefits of Infrared

y Infrared radiation can be used as a heating source, for example, it is popular in saunas.

y Infrared radiation could be used to find the temperatures of object. For example, thermographsare figured out using infrared radiation.

y Infrared are used on night vision equipments when there is an insufficient amount of light tosee.

y Both of these technologies are one of the most dominating short range wireless technologies intodays society for mobile and other wireless equipment to communicate. They are equallyc

ruci

allyi

mportanti

n todays tec

hnologic

al world, bec

ausec

ommunic

ati

on reli

es heavi

ly onBluetooth and Infrared.

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Network Hardware and Software Configuration