MONTHLY BULLETIN FOR SERBIA

JUNE 2019

Belgrade, the 5th of June 2019

Division for Climate Monitoring and Climate Forecast

Department of National Center for Climate Change, Climate Model Development and Disaster

Risk Assessment

web: http://www.hidmet.gov.rs

mail: office@hidmet.gov.rs

Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia

Kneza Viseslava 66

11000 Belgrade

Republic of Serbia

� Warmest June for Serbia based on the minimum air temperature

� 3rd warmest June for Serbia based on the mean air temperature � 6th wettest June for Sombor � Record-breaking precipitation sums for Pozega � Heat waves on Zlatibor, lasting for 5 days

Figure 1. Mean monhtly air temperature and precipitation sums and accompanying terciles for Serbia

relative to the 1981-2010 base period

Figure 2. Mean monhtly minimum and maximum air temperature and their accompanying terciles for

Serbia relative to the 1981-2010 base period

Air temperature

Mean monthly air temperature

June 2019 ranks as the 3rd warmest for Serbia in a 1951-2019 period of record (Figure 1), behind the June of 1989 and 1985 and the 2nd warmest for Palic, Sombor, Kikinda, Sremska Mitrovica, Veliko Gradiste, Sjenica and Kopaonik (Figure 3 and 4).

Figure 3. Rank of the warmest and coldest Junes for the 1951-2019 period

Figure 4. Warmest June in Kikinda for 1948-2019. base period

Slika 5. Warmest June in Sjenica for 1946-2019. base period

Mean air temperature in June ranged from 13,6ºС at Kopaonik to 24,2ºС in Belgrade (Figure 6).

Departure of the mean monthly air temperature from the normal1 for the 1981-2010 base period ranged from 1,2ºС in Zajecar to 3,2ºС in Belgrade (Figure 7).

Based on the percentile method, mean air temperature in June was in the following categories: very warm in most of the country, extremely warm in certain parts of northern, western, southwestern and central Serbia, and warm category in Zajecar (Figure 8).

Mean daily air temperature in Belgrade, based on the percentile method, was in the normal category at the beginning and end of June, elsewhere it was in the warm and very warm category (Figure 9).

1 Term normal refers to climatological standard normal, that is, the average value of a particular climate element, calculated for the period from January 1, 1981 to December 31, 2010

Figure 6. Spatial distribution of mean monthly air

temperature (ºC) during June 2019 Figure 7. Spatial distribution of mean monthly air

temperature anomaly (ºC) during June 2019

Figure 8. Spatial distribution of the mean monthly air temperature using percentile method during June 2019

Figure 9. Monthly course of the mean daily air temperature in Belgrade during June 2019

Maximum air temperature

Mean maximum air temperature in June ranged from 17,6ºС at Kopaonik to 29,5ºС in Leskovac. Belgrade observed mean maximum air temperature of 29,1ºС.

Based on the percentile method, mean maximum monthly air temperature was in the following categories: very warm in most of Serbia, extremely warm on Zlatibor and Pozega and warm category in Nis, Zajecar, Crni Vrh and Kragujevac.

The maximum daily air temperature of 34,8ºС was recorded in Loznica on June 13. Belgrade observed maximum daily air temperature of 34,4ºС on June 13.

Summer days2 were recorded in most of the country, apart from Kopaonik. In the lowland, number of summer days ranged from 24 days in Zajecar and Dimitrovgrad to 27 days in Loznica, and in the hilly-mountainous regions from 1 day at Crni Vrh to 15 days at Zlatibor and Sjenica, which is 4 to 12 days above the June average.

Tropical days3 were recorded in most of Serbia apart from Crni Vrh and Kopaonik. The number of tropical days ranged from 9 days in Dimitrovgrad and Kursumlija to 18 days in Belgrade, Cuprija and Negotin. Zlatibor and Sjenica observed one tropical day. The recorded number of tropical days was 1 to 11 days above the June average.

2 Summer day refers to a day with maximum air temperature 25°C and above

3 Tropical day refers to a day with maximum air temperature 30°C and above

In June, one heat wave4 was recorded with the duration of 5 days at MMS Zlatibor (with the onset on 12 June and lasting until June 17).

Minimum air temperature

Mean minimum air temperature in June ranged from 9,7ºС at Kopaonik to 19,1ºС in Belgrade.

Based on the percentile method, mean minimum monthly air temperature was in the extremely warm domain in the entire country.

The lowest minimum daily air temperature of 4,0ºС was recorded at Kopaonik on June 1. The same day, Belgrade observed the lowest daily air temperature of 13,9ºС.

Chart 1.

Stanica Tmin Jun

2019 datum Tmin

prevaziđen maksimum Aps Tmin

datum maksimuma Aps Tmin

PALI Ć 13.8 6 12 19/17. VI 1979/2003. SOMBOR 13.9 29 11.6 18. VI 2003. NOVI SAD 13.5 6 12.6 17. VI 2003.

ZRENјANIN 13.5 6 12.5 17,22. VI 2003. KIKINDA 13.9 4 12 30. VI 1964.

B.KARLOVAC 12.5 29 11 29. VI 2007. LOZNICA 13.4 1 13 22. VI 2003.

S.MITROVICA 13.4 30 12.2 8. VI 1954. VALjEVO 11.6 2 11.5 15. VI 1954. ĆUPRIJA 12.1 2 10.9 14. VI 1954.

NIŠ 13.1 29. и 30 12.8 3,7,14. VI 1954.

Eleven meteorological stations in Serbia (Chart 1) observed highest daily minimum air temperature since the record-keeping began.

In June, tropical nights5 were recorded in northern Serbia, some parts of central, western, eastern and sountern Serbia. Zrenjanin observed 5 tropical nights, Belgrade recorded total of 13 tropical nights, elsewhere there were 4 tropical nights.

Figure 10 depicts the monthly course of the mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature for Belgrade during June.

4 Heat wave, according to the percentile method, is a period during which maximum daily air temperature is in the warm and very warm categories for 5 days or longer 5 Tropical night refers to a day with minimum daily air temperature 20°C and above

Figure 10. Monthly course of mean, maximum and minimum daily air temperature during June for Belgrade

PRECIPITATION June 2019 ranks as the 6th wettest for MMS Sombor for the 1931-2019 period with the precipitation total of 155,4 mm (Figure 11). The highest June precipitation sum in Sombor was recorded in 2010, amounting to 240,0 mm.

Figure 11. The largest June precipitation in Sombor for 1931-2019. base period

Precipitation totals in June ranged from 29,9 mm in Nis to 167,5 mm at Kopaonik (Figure 12). Belgrade observed precipitation sum of 138,7 mm.

Precipitation sums relative to the normal for the 1981-2010 base period ranged from 52% in Nis to 194% in Leskovac (Figure 13).

Based on the percentile method, precipitation sums were in the following categories: rainy and normal in most of the country, extremely rainy in Kragujevac, very rainy in Sombor, Kraljevo, Leksovac and Zajecar and dry in Novi Sad (Figure 14).

Figure 12. Spatial distribution of the monthly

precipitation sums (mm) Figure 13. Spatial distribution of the monthly

precipitation sums in the percentages of normal for the 1981–2010 base period

Figure 14. Monthly precipitation sums according to the percentile method

In June, the highest daily precipitation sum of 84,2 mm was recorded in Kraljevo on June 3. On June 4, Pozega received precipitation sum of 64,4 mm thereby breaking the previous record for Pozega of 61.9 mm set on June 2017. In Belgrade, the maximum daily precipitation sum of 41,7 mm was observed on June 24.

On June 23, Belgrade observed intensive convective cloudiness followed by heavy precipitation in the afternoon and evening hours that in a short period of time caused floods in Palila, and Novi Beograd. The highest daily amount of rainfall is registered in the rain gauge fighters, and was 112.4mm. Charts show precipitation sums from the automatic rain gauge on the territory of Belgrade for June 24 (precipitation from 6 UTC on June 23 to 6 UTC on June 24, 2019).

Chart 2:

automatski

kišomer

Bežanijska

KosaBarajevo Borča Makiš

Petlovo

BrdoPionir Košutnjak Slanci Sremčica

Zeleno

BrdoZemun

Zemun

Polje

24/06/2019 65.0 4.4 112.4 49.0 9.2 2.2 12.8 52.6 4.8 12.6 64.4 34.6

Slika 15. Spacial distribution precipitation sums in Belgrade (precipitation from 6 UTC on June 23 to 6 UTC on June 24, 2019) with all available stations

Number of days with precipitation in June ranged from 10 days in Novi Sad, Sremska Mitrovica, Smederevska Palanka and Nis to 16 days on Palic and Dimitrovgrad, and on the mountains from 12 days on Zlatibor to 16 days at Crni Vrh, which is 1 to 4 days above the June average for most of the country (Figure 20). Belgrade recorded 14 days with precipitation.

In most of Serbia, there were 1 to 2 days with precipitation totals exceeding 20 mm, Sombor observed total of 4 days and Loznica 3 days (Figure 16).

Figure 18. Day with precipitation totals exceeding 20 mm

Figures 22, 23 and 24 show daily and cumulative precipitations sums with averaged 1981-2010 normals for June for Belgrade, Kragujevac and Kopaonik.

Figure 19. Daily and cumulative precipitation in Belgrade

Figure 17. Number of days with precipitation in June

Figure 20. Daily and cumulative precipitation in Kragujevac

Figure 21. Daily and cumulative precipitation at Kopaonic

Cloud cover, bright and cloudy days

Mean June cloud cover in Serbia ranged from 3/10 in Zajecar to 5/10 in Sremska Mitrovica. The observed cloud cover was below the June average with the departure of 2/10. Figures 22 and 23 show the average daily cloud cover in June for Sremska Mitrovica and Zajecar.

Figure 22. Mean daily cloud cover in Zajecar

Figure 23. Mean daily cloud cover in Sremska Mitrovica

In June, number of bright days in lowland ranged from 2 days in Zajecar to 4 days in Sremska Mitrovica, and on the mountains up to 8 bright days were observed. In most of the country, the recorded number of bright days was 1 to 8 days above the June average.

In June, cloudy days were recorded in most of Serbia apart from Veliko Gradiste. Number of cloudy days in June ranged from 1 in Banatski Karlovac to 7 days at Crni Vrh. Number of cloudy days was 1 to 5 days below the June average in most of the country.

SUNSHINE DURATION (INSOLATION)

Sunshine duration in June ranged from 226,7 hours in Zajecar to 320,4 hours in Novi Sad (Figure 24).

Sunshine duration in June ranged from 89% in Zajecar to 140 % in Pozega relative to the normal for the 1981-2010 base period (Figure 25).

Figure 24. Insolation, expressed in hours during June

2019 Figure 25. Insolation expressed in the percentages of

normal during June 2019 *Note: Climate analysis of the meteorological elements was performed based on the preliminary data obtained from 28 main meteorological stations.

APPENDIX

Overview of the synoptic situation*

Upper air cold cyclone, occasional establishment of the ridge along with the significant impact of shallow waves in the weakgradient cyclone field, cold then warm conditions, local extremes in terms of precipitation. Most of the first decade was characterized by cold and rainy weather which was maintained by influential upper air cyclone across the Balkan and Appeninian peninsula as well as southern Europe. At the end of the first decade, upper air cyclone transferred and retreated in favour of cold air emanating from southwest causing temperature rise, followed by partial stabilization of weather conditions with less rain and showers in most of the country. Warm and relatively dry weather remained until the middle of the second decade. As of the middle of a month, weakgradient cyclone field and accompanying shallow waves caused labilization of the warm air mass, producing unsettled weather, warm and humid with heavy showers and thunderstorms locally. Settled and very warm weather marked the middle of a third decade. The advection of warm weather emanating from northern Africa took place across the southwestern Africa, spreading to western Europe and causing unusual heat in these areas. Across the Balkan peninsula ridge was gradually established, followed by advection of a warm air from north of the continent. End of the month was characterized by passage of the cold front from northewestern Europe within the spatial cyclone and across the central parts of the continent, at first in north, then elsewhere. Thundery showers were predominantly observed in northern and central parts of the country, whereas most places recorded temperature drop. After the passage of atmospheric front, anticyclone and settled weather were established on the ground, with predominantly sunny and moderately warm conditions until the end of June. * National Center for Hydrometeorological System