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8/11/2019 Matt-Kolon Wireless Access
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/matt-kolon-wireless-access 1/17
Copyright © 2003 Juniper Networks, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential www.juniper.net 1
Wireless Access in 2006
and Beyond
Matt Kolon
Mobility Architect
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2Co ri ht © 2003 Juni er Networks Inc. CONFIDENTIAL www.uni er.net
Agenda
Mobile technology overview
• GSM, GPRS/EDGE and transition to UMTS WCDMA
• CDMA and CDMA2000 transition to 3G
• WLAN and mobile integration
Planning considerations for wireless access
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3Co ri ht © 2003 Juni er Networks Inc. CONFIDENTIAL www.uni er.net
Intranets/Internet
PSTN/
ISDN
WiFi/WiMax
Base Switching Station(GSM/EDGE)
UTRAN (WCDMA)
Mobile Packet BackboneNetwork
IP Multimedia Subsystem
Access Point
Site Router
Base TransceiverStation (BTS)
Base StationController (BSC)
Service DomainHost
SubscriberServer (HSS)
EmergencyAlert System
(EAS)
Call SessionControlFunction(CSCF)
MediaResource
Function (MRF)
TransitSwitching
Center (TSC)
MobileSwitching
Center (MSC)
Serving GPRSSupport Node
(SGSN)
MultimediaGateway
WLAN AccessServer
GatewayGSN
Media
Gateway
Base TransceiverStation (BTS)
Radio NetworkController (RNC)
Mobile Packet Networks
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GSM GSM WCDMA
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
Wireless evolution: 3 major streams
CDMA
IS-95ACDMA
IS-95B
1xRTT 1xEV-DO 1xEV-DVCDMA2000
3xRTT
2G 2.5G 3G
Mult ip le phases
Wireless
BroadbandWiFi WiMAX
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GSM evolution to 3G
GSM9.6kbps (one timeslot)
GSM Data
Also called CSD
GSM
General Packet Radio Services
Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps
Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time
Packet switched; resources not tied up all the time
Contention based. Efficient, but variable delays
GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA
(3G)
GPRS
HSCSD
High Speed Circuit Switched DataDedicate up to 4 timeslots for data connection ~ 50
kbps
Good for real-time applications c.w. GPRS
Inefficient -> ties up resources, even when nothing
sent
Not as popular as GPRS (many skipping HSCSD)
EDGE
Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
Uses 8PSK modulation3x improvement in data rate on short distances
Can fall back to GMSK for greater distances
Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 kbps
Can also be combined with HSCSD
WCDMA
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CDMA
IS-95A
IS-95A
14.4 kbps
Core
network re-used in
CDMA2000
1xRTT
CDMA2000 1xRTT: single carrier RTTFirst phase in CDMA2000 evolution
Easy co-existence with IS-95A air
interface
Release 0 - max 144 kbps
Release A – max 384 kbps
Same core network as IS-95
1xEV-DO
CDMA2000 1xEV-DO: Evolved Data Optimised
Third phase in CDMA2000 evolution
Standardised version of Qualcomm High Data Rate
(HDR)
Adds TDMA components beneath code components
Good for highly asymmetric high speed data apps
Speeds to 2Mbps +, classed as a “3G” system
Use new or existing spectrum
1xEV-DVCDMA2000
3xRTT
CDMA2000 1x Evolved DV
Fourth phase in CDMA2000 evolutionStill under development
Speeds to 5Mbps+ (more than
3xRTT!)
Possible end game.
CDMA2000 evolution to 3G
IS-95B
IS-95B
Uses multiple code channels
Data rates up to 64kbps
Many operators gone direct to
1xRTT
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3G Release 99 Packet switched
TDM
PSTN
IP InternetCorporate
IP/AAL5 AUCHLR
SCP
USIM
NodeB
RNC 3G MSC
AAL2
3G SGSN
Packet transfer to & from serving area
Registration, authentication
Mobility management
logical links to RNC, tunnel to GGSN
QoS
3G GGSN
Multiple PDP contextsQoS (GPRS extensions forreal time traffic classes etc)
Iu b
Iu ps
Iu cs
Iu r
Gn Gi
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3G Release 4
PSTN
InternetCorporate
IP/AAL5USIM
NodeB MediaGateway
BICC Circuit switchedcall control server
(MSC Server)H.248MEGACO
TDM ATM
IP
Nb
Split MSC into bearer and control
Bearer independent CS
New MGCP, new CS call control
Streaming MMS service using PSstreaming service 26.233
TS 23.205 Split
TS 29.414 Bearer
Mc
MediaGateway
(CS-MGW)
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3G Release 5
PSTN
InternetCorporate
IP/AAL5USIM
NodeB
BICC Circuit switchedcall control server
H.248
TDM ATM
IP
SIP IP MultimediaCSCF
Call Session Control Function
IP multimedia control sub system(IMS) – IPv6, SIP based
Native IP UTRAN option
UDP/IP or AAL2
Iu b
Iu ps
Iu cs
RTPor
AAL2
23.228 IMS
25.933 IP UTRAN
SIPSTACK
QoS enhancements (end-to-end)
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Mobile IP Applications
WiMAX networks
WLAN to cellular roaming
Inter GGSN or PDSN roaming
MobileCore
Internet
SGSN
MobileNode
FA
HomeNetwork
ESS
Wi-Fi
WAP
FA
RANHA
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Mobile IP Interworking with UMTS/GPRS
Recommends use of FA Care Of Addresses (CoA), not collocated, to conserve IPv4addresses
Source:
3GPP
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Tight integration proposed by 3GPP
GGSNAccess Controller,
RADIUS RelayAuthenticator
RADIUS/SS-7
GWHLR
EAPoLRADIUS
RADIUSGr Interface
Create PDP Context {IP, transparent mode APN,
IMSI/NSAPI, MSISDN, dynamic address requested}
Create PDP Context Response {End User Address}
DHCP Discover
Client
DHCP Request
DHCP Offer
DHCP Ack {address = End User
address from GGSN} Lease
expiration
Delete PDP Context Request
Client -
Authentication
Client –
IP Address
Assignment
GGSN
HLR
GPRS Tunneling Protocol
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High Level IMS Architecture
BTS BSC
SCIM(Service Broker Platform)
RAN TRANSPORT PLANE
C O N T R O L
P L A N E
S E R V I C E
P L A N E
SCIM: Service Capability Interaction Manager
MRFC: Multimedia Resource Function Controller
CSCF: Call Session Control Function
HSS: Home Subscriber Server
HLR: Home Location Register
PDF: Policy Decision Function
BGCF: Breakout Gateway Control Function
MGCF: Media Gateway Control FunctionMGW: Media Gateway
GGSN: Gateway P\GPRS Support Node
SGSN: Serving GPRS Support Node
HLR
SGSN Intranet/Internet
WLAN
MGWNode B RNC
PSTN
PLMN
MRFC S-CSCF
I-CSCF
P-CSCF BGCF
MGCF
HSS
MGW
MRFP
ABBREVIATIONS
GGSN
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Thank You
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Backup Slides
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3GPP2 Reference Architecture
Ref: 3GPP2 A.S0011
SourceBSC
MSC/VLR
PDSNPCF
SourceBTS
A9
A8
Aquinter
ReferencePoint
Aquater
ReferencePoint
(R-P Interface)
A11
A10
A1 A5 A2
AReference
Point
A3
A7
AterReference
Point
External IPNetwork
Pi
TargetBSC
HLR
SS7
Ref: 3GPP2 A.S0011
RadioNetwork
(RN)
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GPRS: General Packet Radio Service
TDM
PSTN
AUCHLR
SCP
SIM
BTS
BSC
Packet Control Unit
(PCU)Forward data frames fromTDM BSS to packet core
New hardware in BSC
Serving GPRS Support Node
(SGSN)Packet transfer to, from serving area
Registration, authentication, mobilitymanagement / handover, CDRs
logical links to BTS, tunnel to GGSN
Gateway GPRS Support
Node (GGSN)Gateway to external IPnetworks (VPN/ISP etc)
IP network security
GPRS session mgmt, AAAA
CDRs for charging
PacketSwitchedCore
CircuitSwitched
Um Abis A
& PCU
IP Network InternetCorporate
FR
Gb
Gn Gi