The Effect of Reactant Concentration on Reaction Rate

A. Purpose :To find out the effect of reactant concentration on reaction velocity for

marble and Hydrochloric acid

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

B. Basic theory :

C. Equipments and Materials

Equipments :

- TestTubes

- Plugthe test tube

- WaterVessel

- Stop watch

- Knife

Materials:

- Hydrochloric acid(HCl) 3 M, 2 M, and 1 M

- Piece of Marble (CaCO3)

D. Procedure

1. Choosing threepieces of marbe that the size is about a grain of corn

2. Taking HCl 3 M and fill it to pada test tube until almost full

3. Filling the pail for container from test tube with water about ¾

4. Putting piece of marble (CaCO3) into test tube

5. Stopper the test tube and after that turn over into containerthat Filled with water

6. Turning on the stopwatch and writing the time since the test tube had turned over

until it transform gas CO2

7. Stop the stopwatch if it has formed into gas CO2completely into test tube

8. Repeating the experiment with using HCl 2 M and then HCl 1 M

Marble that have the shape ragment Put HCl 3 M into test tube

Turn over HCl that have mixed with marble

E. The result of experiment

Hydrochloric acid (mol dm-3) Time that needed (s)

3 202 331 52

F. Question

How The Effect of Reactant Concentrate HCl to reaction velocity marble with HCl ?try to

explain the reason !

More high the concentration then more speed the reaction rate, , from the crashed

theory CaCO3 can react with HCl if both of them crashed one another. More

concentrated an acid then quantity of particle will more much. That’s

mean,opportunityof crushed between CaCO3 and HCl will more much. More much

crush happened then more speed the reaction rate.

The effect of size of the reactant particle on reaction rate

A. Purpose

To find out the effect of the size of reactant particle on reaction rate in reaction between

marble and HCl

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

B. Basic Theory : The reaction between marble and hydrochloric acid can be represented by

equation

C.Equipment and materials :

Alat dan Bahan Ukuran/Satuan Jumlah

Test Tube - 2Test tube rack - 1Pipa salur gas - 1

Sumbat gabus/karet - 1Graduate cylinder 50 mL 1Container water - 1Statif dan klem - 1

Balance - 1Stopwatch - 1

Marble - 2 gramhydrochloric acid 2 M 20 mL

D. Procedure

1. Filling glass beaker with the water until full

2. Covering with a filtering paper then turn over until there’s not bubble in It and filled

water perfectly

3. In the glass beaker into Container water

4. Putting selang into glass beaker that filled water

5. Putting into test tube HCl 2 10 mL

6. Clipping test tube on statif dan klemstrongly

7. Putting pieces of marble into beaker glass

8. Stopper that reaction and catch the gas of the reaction result.

9. Writing the time that needed to catch 20 mL gas using the stopwatch

10. Stopping stopwatch if it have reached gas that have coursed

11. Repeat those procedure use marble that have the shape of powder

Filling the glass beaker until full Clipping test tube on statif dan klem

Putting pieces of marble into beaker glass Stopper that test tube and catch the gas of the

reaction result.

E. The result of experiment

Time to catch gas 20 mL

Pualam Waktu

Powder 25Fragment 60

F. question

1. Which one is the faster to catch 20 mL gas, 1 gram marble that have the shape of

powder or marble that have the shape of fragment?1 gram marble that have the shape

of powder

2. Which one is more size of the reactant particle, 1gram marble that have the shape of

powder or marble that have the shape of fragment? Explain !

1gram marble that have the shape of powder or marble, if a substance and the

size has smaller then the quantity of substance more much and size of the

reactant particle crushed between reagent substance will more big

3. Reaction between marble and HCl is happened on marble surface. How is the relation

between of size of the reactant particle and reaction rate? explain!

The larger the surface area, the greater the rate of reaction, when the powder is

mixed with HCl marble powder marble surfaces come into contact with

particles HCl. The more surface contact with the particles of marble powder

marble HCl will be more easily soluble. Thus marble powder has a faster

reaction rate than the pieces of marble.

The Effect of Temperature on The Reaction Rate

A. Purpose

To find out the effect of temperature of reaction on reaction rate

B. Basic Theory

C. Equipment and Materials

Equipment and Materials Size/Unit Quantity

Glass beaker 100 mL 2Bunsen - 1

Tripodandgauze - 1/1Stopwatch - 1

Thermometer - 1Acid solutionthiosulfate 0,2 M 100 mL

Hydrochloricacid Solution 2 M 10 mL

D. 1.PuttingNa2S2O3solutionby 20mL 0.2 MHCland2 M 10mL atdifferenglass beaker

2.HeatingNa2S2O3to 30°C

3.Preparingcrossedpaper thenpouring theNa2S2O3HClhas been heated

4.Taking note ofthe time requiredtocrossinvisibleby using astopwatch

5.Repeatingthe above procedurebutby changing the temperatureat 40°Cand 50°C

Na2S2O3solution 20 mL Na2S2O3

10 mL HCl 2 M solution heating Na2S2O3

Putting HCl into Na2S2O3 The change after Putting HCl into

Na2S2O3, cross paper is not be seen

E. Hasil Pengamatan

Na2S2O3 HCl Suhu Waktu reaksi (s)

20 mL, 0.2 M 10 mL, 2 M 30°C 1420 mL, 0.2 M 10 mL, 2 M 40°C 1020 mL, 0.2 M 10 mL, 2 M 50°C 8

F. Conclusion

The higher the temperature the faster the rate of reaction.

Question :

1. How does the effect of concentration on reaction rate HCl marble with

hydrochloric acid? Try to explain why!

The greater the concentration the faster the rate of reaction, according to the

collision theory can react with HCl CaCO3 when two substances collide with

each other. The more concentrated the acid, the number of particles will be

many more. That is, the chance of collision between CaCO3 with HCl will

increase. The more collisions that happen then the reaction rate will be faster.

2. Which is faster to react? Powder or marble?

Powder, The greater the surface area, the greater the rate of reaction, when the

powder is mixed with HCl marble powder marble surfaces come into contact

with particles of HCl. The more surface contact with the particles of marble

powder marble HCl will be more easily soluble. Thus marble powder has a faster

reaction rate than the pieces of marble.

3. Which surface is wider? Explain!

Powder. As more and more surface contact with the HCl

4. Marble raction + HCl?

CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq)à CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

5. How does the surface area A at a rate of R? Explain!

The larger the surface area the greater the rate of reaction, when A is mixed with

HCl will be in contact with the surface of a particle HCl. A growing number of

surfaces that come in contact with HCl A particle will be more easily soluble.

6. How Na2S2O3 temperature effect on the reaction rate?

The higher the temperature the faster the rate of reaction

7. Generally 2x faster reaction if the reaction temperature is raised 10 C.

Berlakukah the above reaction? Explain!