King Road Pony Club Reserve Management Plan · (ha) Land transfer date Purpose Current use King Road Pony Club Reserve PEEL E 00427 R36950 25.7514 1980 Public recreation Pony Club

King Road Pony Club Reserve Management Plan Final August 2011

King Road Pony Club Management Plan 2

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................1 1.1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................1 1.2 OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................................................1 1.3 LOCATION/DESCRIPTION AND MANAGEMENT ZONES.............................................................................2 1.4 REPORT STRUCTURE ...............................................................................................................................2 1.5 KEY PRIORITY ACTIONS .........................................................................................................................2

Table 1 Key Priority Actions ...................................................................................................................2 Figure 1 Cadastre and Street Location .................................................................................................1 Figure 2 Aerial Photograph ..................................................................................................................2 Figure 3 Management Zones .................................................................................................................3

2.0 GOVERNANCE ......................................................................................................................................4 2.1 VESTING .................................................................................................................................................4 2.2 LAND TENURE ........................................................................................................................................4

Table 2 Land Tenure................................................................................................................................4 2.3 HISTORY .................................................................................................................................................4 2.5 RECOMMENDATIONS - GOVERNANCE .....................................................................................................5

Table 3 Recommendations - Governance ................................................................................................5 3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS .......................................................................................6

3.1 SHIRE ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS ..........................................................................................6 3.2 PHYSICAL FEATURES ..............................................................................................................................6 3.3 WETLAND ...............................................................................................................................................7 3.4 CLIMATE.................................................................................................................................................8 3.5 LAND DEGRADATION .............................................................................................................................8 3.6 NATIVE FLORA .......................................................................................................................................9 3.7 REVEGETATION .................................................................................................................................... 10 3.8 WEEDS ................................................................................................................................................. 10 3.9 NATIVE FAUNA ..................................................................................................................................... 11 3.10 PESTS AND FERAL ANIMALS ............................................................................................................... 12 3.11 FIRE .................................................................................................................................................... 12 3.12 RECOMMENDATIONS – ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS............................................................. 13

Table 5 Recommendations – Environmental Characteristics ................................................................ 13 4.0 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ......................................................................... 16

4.1 ZONING ................................................................................................................................................ 16 4.2 HUMAN USES ....................................................................................................................................... 16 4.3 LAND TENURE AND MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................... 16 4.4 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................................... 17 4.5 RESERVE ACCESS ................................................................................................................................. 18

Figure 4 Land Use Zones .................................................................................................................... 19 4.6 RECOMMENDATIONS – SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS ..................................................... 20

Table 6 Recommendations – Social and Economic Characteristics ...................................................... 20 5.0 IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING ..................................................................................... 21

5.1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 21 5.2 PRIORITIES ............................................................................................................................................ 21 5.3 RESPONSIBILITIES, MONITORING AND REVIEW .................................................................................... 21 5.4 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 22

Table 7 Total Recommendations ........................................................................................................... 22 6.0 REFERENCES ...................................................................................................................................... 26


APPENDIX 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 27 A2.1 KEIGHERY CONDITION SCALE (KEIGHERY 1994) .............................................................................. 27

APPENDIX 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 28 A3.1 NATIVE FLORA SPECIES LIST ............................................................................................................. 28

APPENDIX 3 ............................................................................................................................................... 30 A4.1 COMMON WEEDS OF THE RESERVE ..................................................................................................... 30


1.0 Executive Summary

1.1 Introduction The King Road Pony Club Reserve is located north-west of the Mundijong town site and is approximately 2 km from the boundary of the adjacent Local Government, the City of Kwinana. It is a popular recreation hub for horse and pony enthusiasts within the Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire, containing cross-country equestrian trails and the Peel Horse and Pony Club. The Shire recognises this reserve as an important ecological linkage of the Peel Region and a valuable example of remnant bushland within the Shire. It is recognised as a significant local natural area under the Shire’s Biodiversity Strategy because the condition of the vegetation complex is classified as good and it includes a Biodiversity feature falling within a Regional Ecological Linkage. It is predicted that with increased recreational pressures associated with population growth, additional stress will be placed on the environmental values of the reserve. Therefore, the Shire acknowledges the need to prepare and implement a management plan, which will guide Shire officers and potential lessees in managing the land both for the short and long term. The development of a management plan will help to address community recreation while protecting and managing the environment responsibly. Reconciling these issues to the satisfaction of both sides is difficult. As such, codes of management practice are required for a baseline:

1. Respect environmental values and integrity, preserving and conserving this beauty. 2. Respect the wishes and needs of the community, striving to provide both for recreation

and conservation. 3. Respect the importance of education, creating within the community the pleasure of

knowledge of the bushland’s significance, so they can better appreciate the gift of natural balance and bio networking.

1.2 Objectives The objectives of this management plan are to: • Provide background information and site descriptions needed for informed management of

the reserve. • Define specific management strategies to maintain the conservation values of the area.

These are: 1) Assess vegetation quality and species richness, rehabilitation potential, and the

major problems affecting safety, aesthetics and public enjoyment of the reserve (for example fire management, weed control, etc.).

2) Assess any existing environmental degradation and identify possible ways to address this degradation.

3) Provide for community involvement in the management of the reserve.


1.3 Location/Description and Management Zones The Study Area comprises 25.7514 hectares situated on Lot 427 King Road, Oldbury. Neighbouring the reserve is private property on the north-east and south perimeters, King Road to the west and a small corner in the south-east facing Boomerang Road. The majority of the study area is bushland, with the portion facing King Road utilised for recreation (Figures 1 - 3).

1.4 Report Structure This management plan has been prepared in accordance with the Shire Reserves Planning and Management Framework. The report is structured into the following sections:

Legislative and policy framework: o Identifies the existing legislation and policies that apply and therefore have

management implications for the reserve. The management plan has been prepared within this framework.

Physical and biological characteristics: o Analyses landform, land, water and biodiversity features on the Study Area.

Threats to these features have also been considered. Cultural and social characteristics:

o Identifies the main human uses of the Study Area, with consideration given to issues such as tenure, lease, access, recreation and heritage.

Reserve management: o Management of the key features of the reserve is considered in this section, with

specific management recommendations provided for both the recreational and conservation areas.

Implementation: o Provides guidance to Council and the community on implementation mechanisms

for each management recommendation. Priorities, responsibilities and potential partners are identified.

1.5 Key Priority Actions Table 1 Key Priority Actions

No Strategy Priority Implementation Responsibility Cost Estimates Governance

1 Change of the purpose of the reserve to include Conservation in addition to Public Recreation.

Key Not Yet Implemented

Environmental and Sustainability Services

Needs investigation $1,000

3 Put in place a licence arrangement with the Peel Horse and Pony Club and consider other interested parties for license arrangements.

Key Implemented in Part

Corporate Services

Staff Time $3,000

Environmental Characteristics Land Resources

7 Prohibit and monitor inappropriate access to internal tracks and firebreaks by upgrading external fencing and gates where appropriate.


Health and Ranger Services

Staff Time $500

Fire 13 Liaise with the Fire Safety Officer to put in place a

Fire Management Plan. Key Implemented in

Part Shire and Fire brigade

Staff Time $3,000


No Strategy Priority Implementation Responsibility Cost Estimates Dieback

18 Signage to inform public of the restricted access nature of the reserve to authorized people only and no dogs.


Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator


19 Rationalise all tracks within the reserve to designated uses only and rehabilitate unnecessary tracks.



Staff Time $1,000

21 Ensure horse riding occurs only within appropriate areas and investigate having no horse riding trails through dieback free areas or placing limestone along the tracks to reduce dieback spread and intensification.


Environmental and Sustainability Services and Licensee

Staff Time $1,000

Revegetation 24 Require approval of appropriate local native

vegetation communities and facilitate collaborative planting days.


Environmental and Sustainability Services and Licensee

Staff Time $1,000

25 Plant a variety of understorey vegetation, which will provide adequate quenda habitat, while slowly removing the Veldt grass.


Environmental and Sustainability and Sustainability Services and Licences


Biodiversity 28 Isolate and restrict access to dieback (Phytophthora

cinnamomi) free areas. Key Not Yet

Implemented Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $1,000

29 Place signs at the entrance to the reserve to advise users of the incidence and effect of dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi).


Operations, Parks and Reserve Officer


34 Advise all local residents of the impacts of dogs and cats on the reserve fauna.


Health and Ranger Services conjunction with Environmental and Sustainability Services

Staff Time $1,000

35 Provide all reserve users and reserve neighbours with management plan information and requirements.


Environmental and Sustainability Services and Landcare

Staff Time $1,000

36 Develop a public education program that targets neighbours and users of the reserve, to include: species found within the reserve, impacts of domestic cats and dogs, impacts of weeds, impacts of dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi), impacts of physical disturbance and impacts of fire.


Environmental and Sustainability Services Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator and Landcare

Staff Time $1,000


Figure 1 Cadastre and Street Location

Figure 2 Aerial Photograph


Figure 3 Management Zones

High Conservation Zone (Green Hatching): Areas of remnant vegetation of high biodiversity and scientific reference value which are dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) free and largely weed free. This zone has no planned burn, no dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) treatment, but includes revegetation requirements such as seeding, weeding and planting operations. At the time of vegetation management or if any type of access for scientific or other purposes be proposed within this zone, extreme care is to be taken to not introduce any soil particles which may carry dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) infection into the zone. Thorough clean-down procedures should apply. Vegetation Management Zone (Yellow Hatching): Areas of remnant vegetation of high biodiversity and scientific reference value which are not dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) free. This zone is a buffer zone and has burning prescribed for protection of people, property and conservation values, but also includes dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) treatment seeding, weeding and planting operations. Access within this area must consider movement and reduce spread of dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) from infected to uninfected areas through clean-down procedures. Recreation Zone (Orange Hatching): Areas with little remnant vegetation which are largely for use for active and passive recreational activities.

2.0 Governance 2.1 Vesting The reserve is currently vested in the Serpentine-Jarrahdale Shire for Public Recreation and is zoned Rural. The reserve is Bassendean Vegetation Complex and is classified as being in good condition and falls with a Regional Ecological Linkage, so is recognised under the Local Biodiversity Strategy to be a significant local natural area. In recognition of this biodiversity value, conservation purpose needs also to be included with public recreation as a purpose for the reserve on the management order. Lot Type: Crown Reserve Native Vegetation ID: 3910 Bush ID: 6297 SWBP: Local Native Area Reserve Class: C Heritage Features: No

2.2 Land Tenure Table 2 Land Tenure Reserve name

Location number

Reserve number

Area (ha)

Land transfer date

Purpose Current use

King Road Pony Club Reserve

PEEL E 00427 R36950 25.7514 1980 Public recreation

Pony Club Activities/Bush Conservation

The Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire is the management body for the above land with power to lease or licence use of the reserve land. In 2006/07 the lease Peel Hunt Club was terminated, and since that date, no official lease has been registered. The Peel Horse and Pony Club were under sub-lease from the Peel Hunt Club. As such, their lease was executed within the Peel Hunt Club lease.

2.3 History Earliest Shire records date back to 1980 in which a vesting order was presented to the Shire. Lot 427 King Road, Oldbury, was received, with the power to the said, Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire in trust for the purpose of “Recreation”. Perth Hunt Club From 1981 to 2002, King Road Pony Club Reserve had been under lease by the Peel Hunt Club and the Peel Horse and Pony Club. This lease was renewed on 1 April 2002, extending for ten years from that date, and was registered on 10 May 2004 as document I879983. The Peel Horse and Pony Club were under sub-lease from the Peel Hunt Club throughout this term. The use of the Premises for the purpose of a Hunt Club effectively meant the use of keeping the Hunt Club’s dogs. The Licence held a Kennel Licensee granted by the Shire under the Dog Act 1976 which permitted the keeping of a maximum of 30 dogs on the Premises.


The primary lessee no longer required use of the reserve in early May 2006 and vacated the Premises on 5 May 2006. 1997 Onwards After the Peel Hunt Club’s licence was abandoned, the Peel Horse and Pony Club continued to use the reserve along with a caretaker who has since left the reserve no longer resides there. It is likely that this caretaker’s residence will no longer be required and will be removed. Any organisations wishing take out a licence for an area of the reserve must comply with all reasonable conditions that may be imposed in relation to disease and weed control and the prevention of soil erosion; and take reasonable action in preventing or rectifying any effects on the bushland contained within the Reserve.

2.5 Recommendations - Governance Table 3 Recommendations - Governance

No Strategy Priority Implementation Responsibility Cost Estimates

Governance 1 Change of the purpose of the reserve to include

Conservation in addition to Public Recreation. Key Not Yet

Implemented Environmental and Sustainability Services

Needs investigation Staff Time $1,000

2 Reserve improvements of any kind including revegetation or species planting proposals will require approval through the Natural Reserves Coordinator.

Ongoing Not Yet Implemented

Licensee and Shire

Staff Time

3 Put in place a licence arrangement with the Peel Horse and Pony Club and consider other interested parties for licence arrangements.


Corporate Services

Staff Time $3,000

4 Any licence established will require disease and weed control measures, the prevention of soil and water erosion and reasonable action in preventing or rectifying any effects on the bushland contained within the Reserve.

Medium Ongoing Licensee and Shire

Staff Time $4,000


3.0 Environmental Characteristics

3.1 Shire Environmental Characteristics

3.2 Physical Features The soils of the reserve are part of the Bassendean B1 and B6 phase, sloping gently from the east, and comprise aeolian deposits of extremely low to very low relief dunes, undulating sandplain and discrete sand rises. Well drained deep bleached grey sands, sometimes with a pale yellow B horizon or a weak iron-organic hardpan at depths generally greater than 2 meters. These deep sands have high infiltration rates and very low nutrient retention ability. When cleared of surface cover they are highly susceptible to wind erosion. The soils have been leached over a long period of time and are extremely low in all mineral nutrients required for plant growth and have very low capacity for storing moisture. Once cleared of vegetation, the sands become unstable and, due to the low nutrient and water retention properties, it is very difficult to re-establish vegetative cover. The slightly elevated landform and the high permeability of the sandy soils ensure that the surface is well drained throughout the year. Northern side

Soil – deep Banksia sands (Bassendean B6), water table >3m below ground level.

The Shire extends from the forested undulating slopes of the Darling Plateau in the east, down across the steep Darling Scarp and out to the west over the gently undulating Swan Coastal Plain. The Plateau is ancient. The basement rocks are around three billion years old and are deeply weathered in the upland areas and eroded along the western edge. In contrast, around 2.5 million years ago the Coastal Plain was submerged beneath the ocean and today’s soils formed from surface sediments that are mostly less than 1 million years old. In scientific terms, the Shire can be divided into 2 geomorphic regions with the Darling Scarp serving as the boundary (Table 1). This geological division is very visual. The part of the Plateau lying within the Shire boundaries has an elevation of between 250 and 350 metres above sea level. The western edge drops away steeply to meet the coastal plain at about 60 metres above sea level. From this eastern edge the coastal plain slopes gradually away from the scarp to a height of 10 to 20 metres above sea level on the western edge of the Shire. Table 4: Landform and Soil Classifications

Geomorphic Region Soil Landscape Zone Soil Landscape

System Approximate Area

(ha)

Darling Plateau Western Darling Range Darling Plateau 35,150

Murray Valleys 14,970

Swan Coastal Plain Pinjarra Forrestfield 4,640

Pinjarra 15,740

Bassendean Bassendean 19,800 a – includes Darling Scarp

The very different geology of these regions is mirrored in both the soil systems and the land uses.


Vegetation structure is complex with 3 layers present (groundcover, midstorey, overstorey). Main weed threat perennial veldt grass (Ehrharta calycina), no apparent drought or disease impacts.

Apparent rabbit infestation. Other weed of possible future significance is Gladiolus caryophyllaceus (Wild

Gladiolus). Western edge

Soil – Banksia sands (Bassendean B1), water table <2m below ground level. The area is the low point in the topography of the reserve.

Vegetation structure is degraded with very sparse overstorey and minimal natural groundcover layer. Apparent long term dieback impact, with most indicator species no longer visible.

Heavy rabbit infestation. Heavy Veldt grass infestation.

Southern side

Soil – Banksia sands (Bassendean B1), Yellow horizon evident. The area is a high point in the topography of the reserve.

Vegetation structure good. Vegetation includes species commonly related to yellow sand (Stirlingia latifolia).

Vegetation normally robust and resilient to plant disease. Evidence of significant numbers of recent deaths in Banksia species and

Adenanthos cygnorum (common woolybush). Suspect dieback/drought as cause. Significant weeds are perennial veldt grass (Ehrharta calycina).

Arena and facilities area

Vegetation degraded with significant planting of introduced species. Infestations of perennial Veldt grass throughout, with Lovegrass (Eragrostis

curvula) intrusions apparent from the King Road boundary. Ecological Status The reserve has a large area of remnant vegetation (around 20 hectares) forming part of the Bassendean vegetation complex. Regionally the Swan Coastal Plain hosts large remnants of this vegetation type, however limited amounts are in secure tenure of crown land. The Shire has few reserves of this vegetation type.

3.3 Wetland Wetlands are an important component of the water assets of the Shire. In general they are expressions of the groundwater table and play an important role in the water cycle. In winter they store surface water and in summer water evaporates from the surface. Many of the wetlands of the Shire have been drained and filled, so they are a diminishing and threatened asset. Wetlands have an intrinsic place in the regional ecology with many containing conservation values and status as in Conservation Category Wetlands. Other Wetlands have been grouped as Resource Enhancement and others with less conservation value categorized as Multiple Use Wetlands. Lot 427 King Road sits above a wetland recognised for some conservation value and is currently classified as a Multiple Use Wetland.


3.4 Climate King Road Pony Club Reserve is located on the coastal plain of the Perth Metropolitan area, in a region with a Mediterranean climate of cool, wet winters and warm to hot, dry summers. The average annual rainfall is around 900mm, although Perth has experienced significantly lower rainfall over the past 25 years. Rain is frequent and heavy through the winter months, with around 70 percent of the annual total received between May and October. There are regular heavy falls in the summer months. This influences the Banksia woodland in the area which are particularly susceptible to dieback disease.

3.5 Land Degradation Erosion Erosion is the removal of topsoil, and in extreme cases, deeper layers of the soil profile by the action of water or wind. This means a permanent loss of part of the land asset. The risk of erosion depends on the stability of the surface soil, this is often affected by the type of vegetation growing, whether it is annual or perennial, and by the force of the wind or water moving across the surface. Water speed is largely determined by slope, although level areas may be affected by water flowing from adjacent land. Water erosion is an accelerating process, as bare eroded areas generate more surface runoff, increasing the volume and speed of water movement down slope. Clay soils, with their slow infiltration rates, generate a high proportion of runoff and the fine particles can be susceptible to water erosion on slopes. Soils such as sands, with high infiltration rates and large particles, are relatively resistant to water erosion but very susceptible to wind erosion. Sandy soils in wet areas are often enriched by organic “loam” and these fine particles are also easily eroded. King Road Pony Club Reserve Owing to the soil type of the reserve, erosion poses a significant threat. The soil comprises Bassendean B1 and B6 phase, which are essentially well drained, bleached sands. This particular soil type is highly susceptible to wind erosion. Soils to the northern side are characterised with a dampland and possibly have high organic loam content, which is also affected by wind erosion. Due to strong katabatic wind gusts propelling off the Darling Scarp, this leaves the soils of the Swan Coastal Plain vulnerable to strong aeolian erosion processes. Dieback: Phytophthora cinnamomi In March 2008 a dieback assessment was carried out for the presence and distribution of Phytophthora dieback within King Road Pony Club Reserve (Figure 3). Through laboratory analysis of soil and root tissue from suspect sites and initial observation of indicator species, Phytophthora cinnamomi was found to be present around the perimeter of the property. It was discovered that the northern and southern infestation impacts range from low to moderate, while adjacent to Boomerang Road, the eastern infestation displays medium to high impact. The eastern infestation, judging by the disease expression, is estimated to be moving at a rate of 1-2 metres per year slowly upslope from Boomerang Road. It is probable that the southern and northern dieback infestations were established in more recent times.


Dieback Management Appropriate hygiene and management procedures need to be implemented in the interest of reducing the risk of infesting the dieback free portion of the reserve with Phytophthora cinnamomi. Buffer zones for treatment to reduce the spread of dieback along the dieback edge should be 6 meters wide within the dieback infested side of the active edge. Management measures required

Phosphite injections in trees presenting early signs of infection and known highly susceptible plants within dieback infested areas and sensitive buffer zones should be carried out as funds for this activity becomes available.

Spray phosphate to edges of all bush tracks and trails on an annual basis or as required. Signage to inform public not to enter site, that it is a dieback sensitive area. Close all tracks to general public leading into dieback free areas, reducing risk of further

infection. Inspection and/or clean down of all equipment that has the potential to move soil from

dieback infested or uninterpretable sections of the reserve. Fence construction along vegetation boundary, especially parallel to Boomerang Road

where the fencing has broken down allowing access from the paved road. Ensure horse riding occurs only in areas and on trails designated for this purpose or

equestrian activity zones on the property.

3.6 Native Flora Native Vegetation The vegetation condition, according to the Keighery Condition Scale, is Good (Keighery 1994), (see Appendix 2), due to obvious signs of weed disturbance, evidence of foxes, rabbits and horses. There is reasonable understorey vegetation present in the reserve, apart from weeds, although Xanthorrhoea preissii and many Banksias are showing signs of dieback infection in some areas. There are a number of tree species that provide good canopy cover. Sandy bare patches of soil are frequent in some areas, and within the denser Banksia woodland there is a large amount of biomass blanketing the ground, creating a fire fuel load hazard. Flora Management Flora management is essential because increasing and maintaining biodiversity is necessary in conserving natural heritage. Phytophthora dieback and weed invasion cause degradation of floristic biodiversity values and reduce the number of species present. Vehicle access tracks running through the bushland would be responsible for the greatest amount of dieback spread. Tracks and access generally should be rationalised and minimised to reduce the spread of dieback. Bassendean soils are particularly sensitive to dieback and contain many susceptible species. Natural regeneration is preferable and would be effective in many sections of the reserve given proper weed management, however, revegetation is required along many unused tracks and the bush boundary adjacent to the Pony Club with local native endemic species planting and direct seeding is required.


3.7 Revegetation Revegetation Plan Use nearby local vegetation communities as a guide to the local flora when revegetating the reserve.

1. Plant a variety of understorey vegetation, which will provide adequate bandicoot habitat, while slowly removing the Veldt grass.

2. Undertake weed control in conjunction with any burning or plantings to allow successful establishment.

Revegetation is useful in lifting and improving the profile of the reserve and providing a buffer against further weed invasion brought into the reserve. Specific areas and processes outlined below can be followed in order to achieve a coordinated strategic approach to future rehabilitation of the area. First year:

Remove patches of weeds along and follow up with direct seeding and planting.

Place logs strategically along existing tracks marked for closure to allow for revegetation activities and assist in the provision of habitat and regeneration.

Weed management, spraying spotting Veldt grass in particular Second year:

Follow up weed control and infill planting/seeding along last year’s previous rehabilitated area.

Start weed control and planting of shrubs and trees through new section, Area 2 marked in Appendix 5, Figure 7.

Annual follow-on:

Follow up weed control of any past areas in need of extra works, infill planting/seeding in all previous rehabilitation areas.

Continue weed removal and begin revegetation. Using continuous improvement and adaptive management, it is important to analyse past works and determine the degree of success, thereby improving the quality of any works in the future. Weed mapping is recommended as an essential instrument in the progressive control of weeds on the reserve.

3.8 Weeds Weeds within the reserve pose a significant threat to native species through competition for space and water. Weeds also suppress native plant growth and reduce biodiversity. Extensive weedy coverage creates a fire hazard, and leaves an area more prone to dangerous wildfires. Fauna of a reserve also suffer greatly when fire spreads through bush land habitats.


Weed Prevention Priority action in decreasing and preventing further weed infestation is often carried out in conjunction with replanting or prescribed burning Specific weeding days involving lessees of the land are recommended when manually removing weeds. The removal of veldt grass would be best undertaken by a spray contractor due to the extensive distribution within the reserve of this species and the difficulty and poor success rate of any mechanical control methods. Declared weeds by the Agriculture Protection Board and Pest Plants proclaimed by the Shire of Serpentine Jarrahdale under their Weed Policy should be controlled as a priority (See below). Chemical control should be carefully considered so to not harm the native flora or fauna. For example, as glyphosate kills amphibians, it is recommended to use Bioactive Glyphosate instead be used, or manual removal where there are known native fauna species possibly to be present.

Listed below are some methods of control for the Declared Weeds and Pest Plants in the reserve.

Wild Gladioli (Gladiolus caryophyllaceus): bioactive glyphosate and metsulfuron methyl can be sprayed or wiped onto the plants during July – August.

Veldt Grass (Ehrharta calycina): plants must be actively growing and not under any stress. Treat with Fusilade using high volume of water (>250L). Some other grasses may be controlled. Most other species are not damaged by this treatment.

Lovegrass (Eragrotis curvula):

Other Declared Weeds and Pest Plants that commonly invade Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire in surrounding areas need attentive observation for any presence within the Reserve. Possible weed influxes into the reserve could be:

Cottonbush - Gomphocarpus fruiticosus Cape tulip - Moraea flaccida Paterson’s curse - Echium plantagineum Watsonia - Watsonia borbonica / Watsonia bulbillifera

3.9 Native Fauna There is evidence of bandicoot presence within the bushland. It is recommended that a fauna survey be completed on the reserve as part of the management plan. This inclusion into the management plan will provide species lists and strategies best used to achieve native fauna management. Relevant management considerations specific to fauna present include: fire management; weed control; feral animal control; minimisation of human disturbance; and revegetation. A Priority Fauna species, the Quenda, are known to be present in this area and likely to be present in this reserve. Fauna Management The Shire is experiencing rapid growth. As more development occurs and the demographic swells, Significant Local Natural Areas suffer from encroaching housing and increasing pressure upon vegetation boundaries. The maintenance of existing remnant vegetation is of extreme importance in the protection of our ever declining native species. Low shrubs provide cover from predators, shelter and some food for local species.


Informative signage should be erected to advise the general public and raise awareness among horse riders of the reserve’s flora and fauna values.

3.10 Pests and Feral Animals Common pest animals of the area include domestic cats, foxes and rabbits. Feral animals are detrimental to the success of native animal populations for several reasons.

Feral animals: 1) Prey on native fauna;

2) Out-compete native species for food, space etc; 3) Spread diseases and weeds; and 4) Damage native flora and thus habitats for the native animals.

Foxes and rabbits can be baited with 1080, a naturally occurring chemical in Australian plants. 1080 is not harmful to native animals, as they have built up a natural resistance, whereas the poison affects feral animals. Rabbits are prolific in the reserve. Rabbit management is a priority as they degrade the land, hamper efforts to rehabilitate and their rapid reproduction rates, limit food sources for native wildlife.

3.11 Fire Fire management is an issue of concern within the bushland. The Banksia woodland creates in some areas a thick organic layer of decaying matter. This humus and the existing Veldt Grass infestation present an extreme fire risk. Veldt Grass is a major fire risk due to its annual lifecycle. This grass becomes dormant and therefore very dry and easily ignitable for a large part of summer. Prescribed burning is sometimes essential in reducing fuel load and protecting surrounding properties. Mosaic burns are a good way to reduce fuel load and also leave some habitat needed for native flora and fauna. Maintaining effective strategic fire breaks and fire fighting access and putting in place a fire management plan will enable good and effective response and protection from fire. Slow strategic removal of Veldt Grass (via burning, spraying etc.) is likely to be the most environmentally beneficial action for the local fauna of the reserve. Fire Management For effective management of fire hazards it is necessary to liaise with the Fire Safety Officer to create a Fire Management Plan for the property. This will help to ensure the maintenance of existing strategic fire breaks and fire fighting access and other equipment requirements. Each year strategic removal of Veldt Grass from bushland, as per revegetation actions/recommendations, will help to lower the fire fuel load. This can be achieved by a combination of prescribed burning and herbicide application and prescribed burning. It is important to follow up any burning planned or not with weed spraying as fire promotes new growth of many colonising weed species particularly where that burn has been hot and on the edge of reserves.


3.12 Recommendations – Environmental Characteristics Table 5 Recommendations – Environmental Characteristics


Environmental Characteristics Land Resources

5 Investigate and implement appropriate mechanisms to ensure minimum water and soil erosion.

High Not Yet Implemented

Engineering Services WSUD Officer

Staff Time $1,000

6 Identify and rehabilitate degraded areas, focusing on bare soil such as eroding tracks and firebreaks.

High Implemented in Part

Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator in collaboration with Landcare

Staff Time $500

7 Prohibit and monitor inappropriate access to internal tracks and firebreaks by upgrading external fencing an gates where appropriate.



Staff Time $500

Water Resources 8 Ensure that the principles of water sensitive design

are implemented in all future development in the area.


Engineering Services WSUD Officer, Statutory Planning

Staff Time $1200

9 Instigate a regular groundwater and surface water monitoring program (quality and quantity) within and around the reserve.

Medium Not Yet Implemented


Staff Time $1,000

10 Review and implement relevant Water Management Plans to accompany any proposed development that has the potential to alter hydrological regimes or increase the nutrient loads within or around the reserve.


Engineering Services WSUD Officer, Statutory Planning, Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $2,000

11 Investigate and estimate costing for upgrading all septic systems on the site where required.


Health in conjunction with Environmental and Sustainability Services

Staff Time / needs investigation $7000

12 Conduct annual audits of water use associated with buildings on the reserve and provide for any additional water sources through rainwater tank installation.



Staff Time $500



Part Shire and Fire Brigade

Staff Time $3,000

14 Maintain existing strategic fire breaks and fire fighting access for slowing any potential fires.

High Ongoing Shire/ licensees Staff Time $1,000

15 Carry out mosaic burns allowing habitat restoration flora and fauna proliferation.


Environmental and Sustainability Services Bush Fire Service

Staff Time $1,000

16 Follow up any burning with weed spraying, as fire promotes new weed species growth particularly where hotter fires have occurred on the edge of the reserve.



Contract spraying - charged by hour/chemical type $2,000

Dieback 17 Administer phosphate applications including

injections in dieback susceptible trees presenting High Not Yet

Implemented Operations, Parks and Natural

Staff Time / Approx. $0.50



early signs of infection. Reserves Coordinator

per tree $1,000

18 Signage to inform public of the restricted access nature of the reserve to authorised people only and no dogs.







Staff Time $1,000

20 Upgrade fencing along boundaries, especially parallel to Boomerang Road where the fencing has broken down allowing inappropriate access from the paved road.




21 Ensure horse riding occurs only within appropriate areas and investigate having no horse riding trails through dieback free areas or placing limestone along the tracks to reduce dieback spread and intensification..


Shire Environmental and Sustainability Services

Staff Time $1,000

Weeds 22 Strategically remove Veldt Grass from bushland as

per revegetation actions/recommendations to lower the fire fuel load.


Shire Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator


23 Weed Prevention/control and organised weeding days. Weeding days need to be held twice a year- winter and summer weeds. Spraying of declared weeds when in flower.


Environmental and Sustainability Services and Licensees






Staff Time $1,000





26 Revegetate native species as per an annual revegetation plan. Order plants each October for planting the following winter. Needs to be done every year.


Environmental and Sustainability Services and Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $2,000

Biodiversity 27 Map dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) infestation,

periodically as required. High Ongoing Operations, Parks

and Natural Reserves Coordinator


28 Isolate and restrict access to dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) free areas.



Staff Time $1,000





30 Monitor the recovery of plant communities after fire. High Not Yet Implemented

Environmental and Sustainability Services Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves

Staff Time $1,000



Coordinator 31 Review annually and implement a Weed Control

Plan that maps and identifies weed species within the reserve, and identifies priority areas and appropriate techniques and strategies to reduce weed density and weed seed sources.

Ongoing Implemented in Part

Environmental and Sustainability Services Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $1,000

32 Identify and remove all invasive non-local trees and shrubs from the reserve and its surrounds. Request and encourage that adjacent landholders do the same.



Staff Time / needs investigation $3,000

33 Monitor feral animals around the reserve and undertake control programs when needed, including trapping and baiting.


Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator in conjunction with Landcare





Staff Time $1,000




Staff Time $1,000




Staff Time $1,000

Fauna 37 Protect fauna through erection of Bandicoot

Crossing signs and other information signs. High Not Yet

Implemented Environmental and Sustainability Services Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator and Landcare


Feral animals 38 Investigate 1080 baiting to eradicate rabbits from

the bushland, and implement if necessary. Consider erecting warning signs on the use of 1080 baiting within the reserve.





4.0 Social and Economic Characteristics

4.1 Zoning The reserve is zoned for recreation and is valued by the community additionally for its conservation purposes. Recreation zoning on its own offers no protection of the conservation values of the reserve. The reserve should have the purposes for Conservation and Compatible Recreational Uses to better reflect public and environmental values attributed to the area. The change of purpose to include conservation should be put in place as soon as possible.

4.2 Human Uses The major uses of the reserve, currently and preferably into the future are:

• Peel Horse and Pony Club Activities and Events; • Poultry Club Activities and Events; • Bushland Scientific Study and Education; • Conservation of vegetation and wildlife habitat.

4.3 Land Tenure and Management Responsibilities King Road Pony Club Reserve is primarily used by the Peel Horse and Pony Club. There are a number of buildings on King Road Pony Club, toilets, the old caretaker’s dwelling and the abandoned Perth Hunt Club Kennels. A licence for the Peel Horse and Pony Club and the Poultry Club are proposed to be issued for a 5 year period with assurance of a further 5 years. This will effectively be 10 year licences for the use of areas of the reserve. Any licence will be linked to a management plan which with a Memorandum of Understanding, reasonable action will need to be taken in preventing or rectifying any effects on the reserve including contribution toward annual weed and disease control. The Mundijong Poultry Club has received support from the Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire Council for a licence to use a separate specified area to the Peel Horse and Pony Club with sharing of the toilet facilities and the parking area. Arrangements will need to be made for toilet and its associated bore use or an additional bore for the poultry club. The Pony Club has two existing buildings which they utilise; their club house and their equipment shed. The two buildings are facing the main grassed arena with the equipment shed (12m x 5m) facing west on the east side of the arena and the club house facing north on the south boundary of the arena. They are situated approximately 40m diagonally away from each other. Existing Infrastructure

Horse arenas Horse jumps Yards Toilets and Bore Water tanks


Administration building Car park Caretaker’s House Old yards Dog kennels Old wire and machinery and rubbish Horse Trails

4.4 History Periodical aerial photography supplemented by on-ground photo points could be collected to reflect continuity of revegetation and conservation efforts for review and Shire records. This could provide a photographic record of the reserve’s changing condition and the works being undertaken in it. Community and Shire Liaison It is essential that good communication exists between the Shire and the lessees of the land. The reserve would be managed most effectively with the two or three groups working together.

The Shire has in the past relied on community expertise and interest to maintain the high conservation or recreation values of many reserves. Continued community input to planning and management is considered essential for the protection of these values into the future.

On Wednesday 13th July 2011, 7:30pm at King Road Pony Club Reserve, a workshop was held with the Pony Club and Mundijong Poultry Club representation. An overview of Shire reserves management and management plan issues was presented by the Manager of Environmental and Sustainability Services. Biodiversity implications and requirements for approvals were discussed. The workshop mostly involved brainstorming and participants prioritizing listed items which are summarized below: PRIORITY VALUES

1. Social Values 2. Vegetation - Significant Local Natural Area 3. Pony Club Activities 4. Poultry Club Activities 5. Education of horses poultry and biodiversity 6. Family riding for all ages with a focus on children 7. Recreation and Tourism Value 8. Better Management Presence 9. History 10. Events

PRIORITY ISSUES / THREATS / CONSTRAINTS

1. Dieback and Weed Sensitivity 2. Unwelcomed Visitors an Outside Unauthorized Usage and Theft 3. Financial Constraints 4. Fire and Lack of Fire Management Strategy


5. Importance of New Native Vegetation Enhancement 6. Better Fencing, Security Lights and Consideration of Locks 7. Fencing Dieback Free Areas 8. Man Power for Works Such As Eco Jobs

FUTURE LONG TERM POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITIES

1. Funding Opportunities with Sponsorship as Well as Grants 2. Expansion of Uses for Other Horse Clubs and Pony Clubs 3. Expansion of Parking Area in the Kennels Area 4. Enclosed Dressage Arena 5. Bush Walking with Paths and Local Native Vegetation and Other Interpretive Signage 6. Manicured Local Native and Other Vegetation Gardens

4.5 Reserve Access A standard rural fence line bounds the reserve. An open access point and fence in need of an upgrade in the west section of the reserve. Currently there seems to be little inappropriate access. The entrance into the reserve onto King Road is in good condition. The bushland is not fenced from the active recreation area of the reserve and there are some informal horse jumps through the bushland area. A more clear demarcation could be useful between the active recreational riding areas and the bushland areas where active recreational horse riding is not to occur.

Figure 4 Land Use Zones

Green Hatching: Peel Horse and Pony Club Zone Yellow Hatching: Car Parking Zone Blue Hatching: Mundijong Poultry Club Zone Pink Hatching: Old Peel Hunt Club Zone (Future Use Unknown)

4.6 Recommendations – Social and Economic Characteristics

Table 6 Recommendations – Social and Economic Characteristics


Social and Economical Characteristics 39 Periodical aerial photography supplemented by

on-ground photo points could be collected to reflect continuity of revegetation and conservation efforts for review and Shire records.

Medium Implemented in Part

Shire and Licensees $50 for film, development and laminating. $1,000

40 Encourage the ongoing liaison between the Shire Officers and community reserve user groups.


Licensees – Shire Staff Time $1,000

Recreation 41 Encourage and support the formation of a

community group to provide input relating to ongoing management of the reserve.



Staff Time $1,000

Development Pressures 42 Investigate and implement a long term plan to

increase, renovate or upgrade reserve and park facilities including public lighting.




Implementation and Monitoring 43 Periodically monitor and review the efficiency

and effectiveness of management plan implementation.



Staff Time $1,000


5.0 Implementation and Monitoring 5.1 Introduction An implementation plan is provided in this section. Various divisions within the Shire will be responsible for implementation and it is anticipated that the recommendations will be acted on over the next ten or more years. All recommendations in the report are reproduced in a single table below, along with priorities, responsibilities and potential partners.

5.2 Priorities Priorities have been classified as follows:

• Key – within the next financial year • High – within the next five years • Medium – within the next ten years • Ongoing – as required.

5.3 Responsibilities, Monitoring and Review The Shire of Serpentine Jarrahdale is responsible for recommendations within this plan. In some instances, the Shire may be assisted in implementing a recommendation by a relevant partner or licensee who has an interest or responsibility in the recommendation being considered, and there may be opportunities for grants to implement strategies. The management plan strategies will be monitored and reviewed, and the management plan will be revised if necessary. Various groups within Serpentine Jarrahdale Shire have been matched up for taking responsibility of implementing specific recommendations or strategies and cost estimates have been also allocated to provide for recommendation/strategy implementation.

• Engineering Services – o Operations, Parks & Natural Reserves Coordinator o WSUD Project Manager o Fire and Emergency Services

• Strategic Community Planning o Environmental and Sustainability Services o Community Development

• Development Services Directorate o Planning o Building o Health o Ranger Services


5.4 Implementation Plan

Recommendations/Strategies Table 7 Total Recommendations/Strategies


Governance 1 Change of the purpose of the reserve to include

Conservation in addition to Public Recreation. Key Not Yet

Implemented Environmental and Sustainability Services

Needs investigation Staff Time $1,000

2 Reserve improvements of any kind including revegetation or species planting proposals will require approval through the Natural Reserves Coordinator.


Licensees and Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $500

3 Put in place a license arrangement with the Peel Horse and Pony Club and consider other interested parties for license arrangements.


Corporate Services

Staff Time $3,000

4 Any lease established will require disease and weed control measures, the prevention of soil and water erosion and reasonable action in preventing or rectifying any effects on the bushland contained within the Reserve.

Medium Ongoing Licensees and Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $4,000

No Strategy Priority Implementation Responsibility Cost

Estimates Environmental Characteristics Land Resources

5 Investigate and implement appropriate mechanisms to ensure minimum water and soil erosion.


Engineering Services WSUD Officer

Staff Time $7,000

6 Identify and rehabilitate degraded areas, focusing on bare soil such as eroding tracks and along firebreaks.

High Implemented in Part

Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator in collaboration with Landcare

Staff Time $1,000

7 Prohibit and monitor inappropriate access to internal tracks and firebreaks by upgrading external fencing and gates where appropriate.



Staff Time $500

Water Resources 8 Ensure that the principles of water sensitive design

are implemented in all future development in the area.



Staff Time $1200

9 Instigate a regular groundwater and surface water monitoring program (quality and quantity) within and around the reserve.



Staff Time $7,000

10 Review and implement relevant Water Management Plans to accompany any proposed development that has the potential to alter hydrological regimes or increase the nutrient loads within or around the reserve.


Engineering Services WSUD Officer, Statutory Planning, Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Staff Time $7,000

11 Investigate and estimate costing for upgrading all septic systems on the site where required.


Health in conjunction with Environmental and

Staff Time / needs investigation



Sustainability Services

$7000

12 Conduct annual audits of water use associated with buildings on the reserve and provide for any additional water sources through rainwater tank installation.



Staff Time $500



Part Shire and Fire Brigade

Staff Time $3,000

14 Maintain existing strategic fire breaks and fire fighting access for slowing any potential fires.

High Ongoing Shire/ lessees Staff Time $1,000

15 Carry out mosaic burns allowing habitat restoration flora and fauna proliferation.


Environmental and Sustainability Services Bush Fire Service

Staff Time $2,000

16 Follow up any burning with weed spraying, as fire promotes new weed species growth particularly where hotter fires have occurred on the edge of the reserve.




Dieback 17 Administer phosphate applications including

injections in dieback susceptible trees presenting early signs of infection.



Staff Time / Approx. $0.50 per tree $1,000

18 Signage to inform public of the restricted access nature of the reserve to authorised people only and no dogs.







Staff Time $1,000

20 Upgrade fencing along boundaries, especially parallel to Boomerang Road where the fencing has broken down allowing inappropriate access from the paved road.




21 Ensure horse riding occurs only within appropriate areas and investigate having no horse riding trails through dieback free areas or placing limestone along the tracks to reduce dieback spread and intensification.


Shire Environmental and Sustainability Services

Staff Time $1,000

Weeds 22 Strategically remove Veldt Grass from bushland as

per revegetation actions/recommendations to lower the fire fuel load.


Shire Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

Contract spraying - charged by hour/chemical type $2,000 per annum

23 Weed Prevention/control and organised weeding days. Weeding days need to be held twice a year- winter and summer weeds. Spraying of declared weeds when in flower.








Staff Time $1,000





26 Revegetate native species as per an annual High Not Yet Environmental and Staff Time



revegetation plan. Order plants each October for planting the following winter. Needs to be done every year.

Implemented Sustainability Services and Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator

$1,000 per annum

Biodiversity 27 Map dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) infestation,

periodically as required. High Ongoing Operations, Parks

and Natural Reserves Coordinator


28 Isolate and restrict access to dieback (Phytophthora cinnamomi) free areas.



Staff Time $1,000





30 Monitor the recovery of plant communities after fire. High Not Yet Implemented


Staff Time $1,000

31 Review annually and implement a Weed Control Plan that maps and identifies weed species within the reserve, and identifies priority areas and appropriate techniques and strategies to reduce weed density and weed seed sources.



Staff Time $1,000

32 Identify and remove all invasive non-local trees and shrubs from the reserve and its surrounds. Request and encourage that adjacent landholders do the same.



Staff Time / needs investigation $3,000 per annum

33 Monitor feral animals around the reserve and undertake control programs when needed, including trapping and baiting.


Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator in conjunction with Landcare





Staff Time $1,000




Staff Time $1,000




Staff Time $1,000 per annum

Fauna 37 Protect fauna through erection of Bandicoot

Crossing signs and other information signs. High Not Yet

Implemented Environmental and Sustainability

Needs investigation



Services Operations, Parks and Natural Reserves Coordinator and Landcare

$2,000

Feral animals 38 Investigate 1080 baiting to eradicate rabbits from

the bushland, and implement if necessary. Consider erecting warning signs on the use of 1080 baiting within the reserve.





Social and Economical Characteristics 39 Periodical aerial photography supplemented by

on-ground photo points could be collected to reflect continuity of revegetation and conservation efforts for review and Shire records.

Medium Implemented in Part


$50 for film, development and laminating. $1,000

40 Encourage the ongoing liaison between the Shire Officers and community reserve user groups.


Licensees – Shire Staff Time $1000

Recreation 41 Encourage and support the formation of a

community group to provide input relating to ongoing management of the reserve.



Staff Time $1,000

Development Pressures 42 Investigate and implement a long term plan to

increase, renovate or upgrade reserve and park facilities including public lighting.



Staff Time / needs investigation $1,000 per annum

Implementation and Monitoring 43 Periodically monitor and review the efficiency

and effectiveness of management plan implementation.



Staff Time $1,000


6.0 References Hussey, B, MJ. & Wallace, K, L. (1993) Managing Your Bushland, CALM Como. Lovett, S. & Price, P. (1999) Riparian Land Management Technical guidelines, Vol. One & Two, LWRRDC, Canberra. Scheltema, M. & Harris, J. (1995) Managing Perth’s Bushlands, Greening WA. Weaving, S. (1999) Peel-Harvey Catchment Natural Resource Atlas, Agriculture WA.


Appendix 1

A2.1 Keighery Condition Scale (Keighery 1994)


Appendix 2

A3.1 Native Flora Species List Type Scientific name Common name Trees / Mallees

Allocasuarina fraseriana Common Sheoak Banksia attenuata Candle Banksia Banksia ilicifolia Holly-leaved Banksia Banksia menziesii Firewood Banksia Corymbia calophylla Marri / Red Gum

Shrubs

Adenanthos cygnorum Common Woolybush Adenanthos obovatus Basket Flower Bossiaea eriocarpa Common Brown Pea Calytrix flavescens Summer Starflower Calytrix fraseri Pink Summer Calytrix Conostephium pendulum Pearl Flower Conostephium preissii - Eremaea pauciflora Orange Flowered Eremaea Hibbertia hypericoides Yellow Buttercups Hypocalymma robustum Swan River Myrtle Jacksonia furcellata Grey Stinkwood Kunzea glabrescens Spearwood Petrophile linearis Pixie Mops Stirlingia latifolia Blueboy Xanthorrhoea preissii Grasstree

Herbs

Burchardia congesta Milkmaids Chamaescilla corymbosa Blue Squill Conostylis aculeata Prickly Conostylis Corynotheca micrantha Sand Lily Dampiera linearis Wedge-leaved Dampiera Dasypogon bromeliifolius Pineapple Bush Dianella revoluta Dianella Laxmania squarrosa Paper Lily Lobelia tenuior Slender Lobelia Patersonia occidentalis Purple Flag Siloxerus humifusus Procumbent Siloxerus Stylidium brunonianum Pink Fountain Trigger Plant Stylidium repens Matted Trigger Plant Thysanotus arenarius Sand-dune Fringed Lily


Thysanotus sparteus Leafless Fringed Lily Trachymene pilosa Native Parsnip Tricoryne elatior Yellow Autumn Lily Trichocline spathulata Native Gerbera

Sedges / Rushes

Desmocladus fasciculatus - Desmocladus flexuosus - Hypolaena exsulca - Lepidosperma squamatum - Lyginia imberbis -

Grasses Amphipogon turbinatus -


Appendix 3

A4.1 Common weeds of the reserve

Type Common name Genus Species

Control Notes

Herbs

Hottentot Fig Carpobrotus edulis

Wild Gladiolus Gladiolus spp. Late Winter/ early Spring

sprayed or wipe treatment onto plants

Flatweed Hypochaeris spp. Autumn Spray or remove rosettes before flowering and seeding in spring and summer

Dandelion Taraxacum officinale Ursinia Ursinia anthemoides

Grasses

Veldt Grass Ehrharta calycina Plants must be growing and

not under stress when spraying Blow fly grass Briza maxima Winter Prevent seed set in Spring -

spray late winter, early spring Lovegrass Eragrotis curvula Autumn Spray when actively growing

Documents

King Road Pony Club Reserve Management Plan · (ha) Land transfer date Purpose Current use King Road Pony Club Reserve PEEL E 00427 R36950 25.7514 1980 Public recreation Pony Club