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To address the affordable housing crisis and COVID-19 economic recovery of the City of San Francisco through the adaptive reuse of underutilized commercial real estate.
To provide a path to accessible rent for low income populations in key urban areas, and dismantle a legacy of discrimination and marginalization.
To create a scalable model and to do so safely, sustainably, and efficiently using off-site manufacturing techniques and innovative digital technology.
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Affordable Housing Crisis - supply has not kept up with demand due to high construction costs, exacerbated by COVID-19
Area Median Income:$127,900
1 New York $ 354 / ft2
2 San Francisco $ 330 / ft2
3 Seattle $ 233 / ft2
U.S. Cities with the Highest Construction Costs
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Inequality & Displacement - SF's wealthiest areas remain predominantly white, as gentrification, homelessness, and displacement increase
https://www.urbandisplacement.org/map/sf
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Current Trends - COVID-19 has changed the way we work and shop, causing an increase in office and retail vacancies
SF Co-Working Locations
San Francisco
* WeWork locations used as a sizing case study. They represent 1,200,000 ft2 of office space in SF.
https://www.wework.com/fr-FR/l/san-francisco--sf-bay-area--CA
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Adaptive Reuse - converting underutilized buildings into affordable housing through a panel and pod kit-of-parts
VACANT FLOOR PLAN KIT SWITCH AFFORDABLE HOUSING
Using flat packed, prefabricated and energy efficient kit-of-interior parts
CORE
CORE
CORE
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Process Innovation - a unique combination of industrialized construction and sustainability, delivered with the latest digital technology
Industrialized Construction
Digital Technology
CO2 emissions prefab vs traditional resources transport
Energy Efficiency
● Lidar scanner to measure the existing building
● Optimization Design Tool
● VDC & BIM
Reduction in design time, construction time, and total costs
K I T S W I T C H
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Integrated MEP pipes and electrical cables
Adjustable joints
Feasibility - designing a solution that anticipates re-zoning approvals, installation challenges, and pushback
Kitchen & bath around the core for ease of connection. Living & rooms on the outside for daylighting
Mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) integrated wall panels to shift expensive trades off-site
NEIGHBORS CITY OFFICIALS LABOR UNIONS
The external shell of the building remains unchanged and no exterior work is carried out, allowing for easier community approval
Leveraging the City of SF COVID-19 Economic Recovery Taskforce goals and Affordable Housing Ministerial Review Process to limit the permitting and change of use process to 2 weeks
Mechanical, electrical, plumbing (MEP) integrated wall panels to shift expensive trades off-site, partnering with union labor for fair wages and workers' rights
EXISTING SHAFT
BATH BATHCORRIDOR
RENTERS KIT SWITCH
RENTAL INCOMECONSTRUCTION
COSTS
$156,000 / unit
Potential Cost Savings - rapid floor layout generation and standardized units reduce design time and architectural costs while off-site manufacturing reduces on-site labor costs and construction time
20% Cost Savings
http://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/uploads/Hard_Construction_Costs_March_2020.pdfFor detailed calculations, please refer to the Appendix
$2,000 / month
OWNERS
PER 500 FT2
7 year ROI
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Infill housing through commercial adaptive reuse at a rate of $2,000 / month, within the 30% budget of an AMI earning household in SF
… and doing so with a scalable kit-of-parts that can be applied across numerous markets and geographic locations
OFFICE RETAIL PARKING GARAGES
From SF to any large U.S. urban metro area *
* Market sized at 27 million sqft of flexible workspace in the US
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Armelle CoutantAdaptive Reuse Sustainable Urbanism
Candice DelamarreEnergy-Efficient Systems Engineering
[email protected] Krishnamurthy
LEED Green AssociateSustainable Architectural Design
Samantha LiuTransportation and Energy
Thank you!
K I T S W I T C H
Innovation & Industrialized Construction
Social Justice & COVID-19 Resiliency
Affordability & Sustainability
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APPENDIXTo provide a path to infill and affordable housing in the city of San Francisco, Kit Switch provides kit-of-parts to convert underutilized office buildings. In the context of the COVID-19 crisis, many tech companies are promoting remote working, and coworking spaces companies are going out business, thus releasing a lot of commercial buildings. Focusing on We Work buildings alone, this is 1.2 million sqft of soon-to-be vacant commercial space. This is an opportunity to answer the ongoing affordable housing crisis in the Bay and bring racial diversity to neighborhoods in SF.
By leveraging modular construction technology, design layout optimization and digital technology, standardized office spaces can quickly be converted into comfortable living spaces. On these upper floors, units enjoy natural light coming from existing windows on one side. On the other side, bathroom and kitchen pods are connected to the existing MEP core of the building via our system of MEP-integrated panels.
The 2D panels and their clip-in joints allow for ease of assembly onsite. Expensive trades are thus shifted off site while still including labor workers in the process. Besides, the existing building shell remains unchanged and no exterior construction work affects neighbors.
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APPENDIXOur service and product offering is feasible and scalable. The panelized and modular kit-of-parts, and the optimization tool can be implemented throughout US to convert commercial buildings ranging from offices, retail, industrial buildings as well as parking garages.
Policywise, as part of affordable housing, we are leveraging several incentive programs laid out by the SF city to streamline permitting and approval processes, like SB-35, AB 2162, ministerial process, density bonus, and opportunity zoning tax benefits. In addition, we also plan on leveraging the city’s precise plans to standardize our designs and expedite the approval process.
On the rental end, we plan on making on housing units section 8 compliant, to help renters leverage section 8 vouchers. The rent of $2,000 per month is an arbitrary value under $3,197 (30% of AMI) for which we felt the return on investment is still desirable to the owner.
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APPENDIX
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ZUvfwzmp9reDhM0sqCmi6Cz9zSXMbfHYmX490xoy1w8/edit?usp=sharing
A B
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APPENDIX
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ZUvfwzmp9reDhM0sqCmi6Cz9zSXMbfHYmX490xoy1w8/edit?usp=sharing
A B C
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1. https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-multifamily-modular-and-prefabricated-housing-construction-market-report-2020-to-2030---covid-19-growth-and-change-301117163.html
2. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/08/here-s-how-smart-construction-could-transform-home-building-after-covid-19/
3. http://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/uploads/Hard_Construction_Costs_March_2020.pdf
REFERENCES