ITIS 1210ITIS 1210Introduction to Web-Based Introduction to Web-Based

Information SystemsInformation Systems

Chapter 37Chapter 37How iPods, iTunes, and Podcasting WorkHow iPods, iTunes, and Podcasting Work

IntroductionIntroduction

Digital music existing long before there Digital music existing long before there were iPodswere iPods MP3s & playersMP3s & players

Prior to iPod, users were typically ones Prior to iPod, users were typically ones with computer experiencewith computer experience

In 2001, with iPod anyone couldIn 2001, with iPod anyone could Learn to useLearn to use AffordAfford

IntroductionIntroduction

Music industry was cracking down on illegal Music industry was cracking down on illegal downloadsdownloads Users were afraid of being suedUsers were afraid of being sued Providers were afraid of being suedProviders were afraid of being sued Software developers were afraid of being suedSoftware developers were afraid of being sued

State of the market:State of the market: Massive demand for individual music Massive demand for individual music

downloadsdownloads No easy, legal way to acquire that music No easy, legal way to acquire that music

IntroductionIntroduction

Publishers didn’t sell online yetPublishers didn’t sell online yet And usually only in entire CD formatsAnd usually only in entire CD formats

Couldn’t buy a single easilyCouldn’t buy a single easily

Widespread disagreement in the industry Widespread disagreement in the industry about the best way to sell music to modern about the best way to sell music to modern customerscustomers

People had no easy way to find the music People had no easy way to find the music they wantedthey wanted Or to listen to it first before they bought itOr to listen to it first before they bought it

IntroductionIntroduction

Apple sees opportunityApple sees opportunity Launches first iTunes Music StoreLaunches first iTunes Music Store Integrated intoIntegrated into

ListeningListening Ripping from existing CDsRipping from existing CDs Burning onto CDsBurning onto CDs Directly to iPod also so iTunes and iPod were Directly to iPod also so iTunes and iPod were

easily compatibleeasily compatible

IntroductionIntroduction

Singles were available for under $1Singles were available for under $1 Legal rights of authors preservedLegal rights of authors preserved Sales exceeded expectations of industrySales exceeded expectations of industry

iPodsiPods

On Sept. 13th 1956 IBM made history with On Sept. 13th 1956 IBM made history with the invention of the first Hard Drivethe invention of the first Hard Drive

It weighed about a ton, and with 50-24" It weighed about a ton, and with 50-24" disksdisks

It could store a mind-blowing 5MBIt could store a mind-blowing 5MB Not to mention that it cost $250,000 (in Not to mention that it cost $250,000 (in

today’s dollars) per year to LEASE.today’s dollars) per year to LEASE.

iPodsiPods

Files stored in MP3 or AAC (Advanced Files stored in MP3 or AAC (Advanced Audio Code) formatAudio Code) format Compressed formatCompressed format

Includes metadataIncludes metadata Artist nameArtist name Album nameAlbum name Music categoryMusic category

So you can organize your musicSo you can organize your music

iPodsiPods

Storage capacity variesStorage capacity varies 40GB HD can store approx. 10,000 songs40GB HD can store approx. 10,000 songs Flash-based memory as wellFlash-based memory as well

Interface is easy to useInterface is easy to use Select individual songsSelect individual songs Create playlistsCreate playlists

iPodsiPods

OS copies song from HD into memoryOS copies song from HD into memory Plays from memory so HD skips don’t Plays from memory so HD skips don’t

interrupt the playinginterrupt the playing HD is off while music is playingHD is off while music is playing Minimizes chance of a head crashMinimizes chance of a head crash

Chip on motherboard decompresses file Chip on motherboard decompresses file so it can be playedso it can be played

iPodsiPods

Digital-to-analog converterDigital-to-analog converter Changes from digital format on HDChanges from digital format on HD To analog format for soundTo analog format for sound

Amplifier increase signal strengthAmplifier increase signal strength Headphones or speakers let you listenHeadphones or speakers let you listen

iTunesiTunes

iTunes isn’t file sharing softwareiTunes isn’t file sharing software It’s owned by AppleIt’s owned by Apple

You can buy and listen to music on your You can buy and listen to music on your computer or transfer it to your iPodcomputer or transfer it to your iPod

Basically iTunes is a music player that Basically iTunes is a music player that recognizes many different file formatsrecognizes many different file formats Can rip from a CDCan rip from a CD Burn to a CDBurn to a CD

iTunesiTunes

iTunes Music Store has legal iTunes Music Store has legal arrangements with publishersarrangements with publishers Sells their musicSells their music Splits proceedsSplits proceeds

Music is downloaded from the Music Store Music is downloaded from the Music Store to your PCto your PC

Transfer to an iPod or other portable Transfer to an iPod or other portable devicedevice

iTunesiTunes

DRM (Digital Rights Management)DRM (Digital Rights Management) Protects content from unauthorized copyingProtects content from unauthorized copying Limits what you can do with the music you’ve Limits what you can do with the music you’ve

downloadeddownloaded Can’t burn to a CDCan’t burn to a CD

PodcastingPodcasting

iPod changed not only the way we listen to iPod changed not only the way we listen to musicmusic

But the way we listen to radio as wellBut the way we listen to radio as well Podcasting permits anyonePodcasting permits anyone

Create their own programCreate their own program Attract subscribers who download that contentAttract subscribers who download that content

Do-it-yourself at firstDo-it-yourself at first Soon evolved into commercial worldSoon evolved into commercial world

PodcastingPodcasting

Can be created by anyoneCan be created by anyone Simple – you and a micSimple – you and a mic Complex – studioComplex – studio

Broadcast is first recordedBroadcast is first recorded Saved in an MP3 formatSaved in an MP3 format

Uploaded to a serverUploaded to a server RSS feed createdRSS feed created

Includes link to the MP3 fileIncludes link to the MP3 file

PodcastingPodcasting

Alternative to RSSAlternative to RSS Uploaded to a podcasting server insteadUploaded to a podcasting server instead

To access, the user downloadsTo access, the user downloads An RSS readerAn RSS reader iTunesiTunes Something else capable of subscribing to Something else capable of subscribing to

podcastspodcasts

PodcastingPodcasting

User selects contentUser selects content Software downloads to user’s computerSoftware downloads to user’s computer User now has accessUser now has access

Can be copied to a MP3 player or iPod for Can be copied to a MP3 player or iPod for mobile capabilitymobile capability