Introduction to Mana

8/12/2019 Introduction to Mana

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Introduction to Management (MGT101)

Company

Apple Inc.

California, USA.


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

A very special thanks to all those who over all these years have admired the work of Apple Inc.

and Steve Jobs and have recorded it in the form of online articles, books, journals and research

papers. Without any of these, this work would have not been possible.

&

A special thanks to Farhana Ferdousi ,Assistant Professor, East West University, who assigned

us to finalize a report about management task of Apple Inc.


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ABSTRACT

Apple Inc. (previously Apple Computer, Inc.) is an American multinational corporation that

designs and markets consumer electronics, computer software, and personal computers. As of

September 2011, the company operates over 300 retail stores in eleven countries, and an

online store where hardware and software products are sold. As of September 2011, Apple is

the largest publicly traded company in the world by market capitalization and the largest

technology company in the world by revenue and profit. On August 9, 2011, Apple briefly

surpassed ExxonMobil to become the world's most valuable company and surpassed them

again the following day. Established on April 1, 1976 in Cupertino, California, and

incorporated January 3, 1977, the company was previously named Apple Computer, Inc., for its

first 30 years, but removed the word "Computer" on January 9, 2007, to reflect the

company's ongoing expansion into the consumer electronics market in addition to its

traditional focus on personal computers. As of September 2010, Apple had 46,600 full time

employees and 2,800 temporary full time employees worldwide and had worldwide annual

sales of $65.23 billion. For reasons as various as its philosophy of comprehensive aesthetic

design to its distinctive advertising campaigns, Apple has established a unique reputation in the

consumer electronics industry. This includes a customer base that is devoted to the company

and its brand, particularly in the United States. Fortune magazine named Apple the most

admired company in the United States in 2008 and in the world in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011.

The company has also received widespread criticism for its contractors' labour,

environmental, and business practices


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Corporate Management

Executives Profile

Tim CookCEO:

Eddy CueSenior Vice President (Internet Software & Services):

Scott ForstallSenior Vice President (iOS Software):

Jonathan IveSenior Vice President (Industrial Design):

Ron JohnsonSenior Vice President (Retail):

Bob MansfieldSenior Vice President (Mac Hardware Engineering):

Peter OppenheimerSenior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer:

Philip W. SchillerSenior Vice President (Worldwide Product Marketing):

Bruce SewellSenior Vice President and General Counsel:

Jeff WilliamsSenior Vice President (Operations):


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Board of Directors

Steve JobsChairman of the Board:

Bill CampbellChairman and former CEO of Intuit Corp.:

Tim CookCEO Apple:

Millard DrexlerChairman and CEO of J. Crew:

Albert Gore Jr.Former Vice President of the United States:

Andrea JungChairman and CEO of Avon Products:

Arthur D. LevinsonChairman Genentech:


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APPLES CORPORATE CULTURE

Apples transition from a computer to a consumer electronics company is unprecedentedand

hard to replicate. Although many can only speculate about why Apple succeeded so well, they

tend to credit Steve Jobs remarkable leadership abilities, Apples highly skilled employees, and

its strong corporate culture.

The concept of evangelism is an important component of Apples culture. Corporate evangelists

refer to people who extensively promote a corporations products. Apple evenhad a chief

evangelist whose job was to spread the message about Apple and gain support for its products.

However, as the name evangelism implies, the role of evangelist takes on greater meaning.

Evangelists believe strongly in the company and will spread that belief to others, who in turn

will convince other people. Therefore, evangelists are not only employees but loyal customers

as well. In this way, Apple was able to form what it refers to as a Mac cultcustomers who

are very loyal to Apples Mac computers and who will spread a positive message about Macs totheir friends and families.

Successful evangelism can only occur with dedicated, enthusiastic employees who are willing to

spread the word about Apple. When Jobs returned to Apple, he instituted two cultural changes:

he encouraged debate on ideas, and he created a vision that employees could believe in. By

implementing these two changes, employees felt that their input was important and that they

were a part of something bigger than themselves. Such feelings have created a sense of loyalty

among many at Apple.

Apple prides itself on its unique corporate culture. On its job site for corporate employees, itensures potential applicants that the organization has a flat structure, lacking the layers of

bureaucracy of other corporations. Apple also emphasizes that it does not adhere to normal

work environments in which employees are at their stations from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

Instead, Apple markets itself as a fast-paced, innovative, and collaborative environment

committed toward doing things the right way. By offering both challenges and benefits to

applicants, Apple hopes to attract those who fit best with its corporate culture.


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Apple also looks for retail employees that work well in its culture. Apple wants to ensure that its

retail employees make each consumer feel welcome. Inside the Apple retailers are stations

where customers can test and experiment with the latest Apple products. Employees have

been trained to speak with customers within two minutes of them entering the store. To ensure

that its retailer employees feel motivated, Apple provides extensive training, greatercompensation than employees might receive at similar stores, and opportunities to move up to

manager, genius (an employee trained to answer the more difficult customer questions), or

creative (an employee who trains customers one-on-one or through workshops). Apple also

offers young people the chance to intern with Apple or become student representatives at their

schools.

Another benefit that Apple offers combines employee concerns with those of the environment.

In an effort to reduce its overall environmental impact, Apple offers incentives such as transit

subsidies for employees who opt to use public transportation. Its Cupertino facility is equipped

with shuttles for employees, including free bus service between the Apple headquarters and

the train station. Apples free buses are powered by bio-diesel. These incentives reduce fuel

costs for employees while simultaneously lowering emissions released into the environment.


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APPLES ETHICS

Apple has tried to ensure that its employees and those with which they work display

appropriate conduct in all situations. It bases its success on creating innovative, h igh-quality

products and services and on demonstrating integrity in every business interaction. According

to Apple, four main principles contribute to integrity: honesty, respect, confidentiality, and

compliance. To more thoroughly detail these principles, Apple has drafted a code of business

conduct that applies to all its operations, including those overseas. It has also made available on

its website more specific policies regarding corporate governance, director conflict of interest,

and guidelines on reporting questionable conduct. Additionally, Apple provides employees witha Business Conduct Helpline that they can use to report misconduct to Apples Audit and

Finance Committee.

Many of Apples product components are manufactured in countries with low labor costs. The

potential for misconduct is high due to differing labor standards and less direct oversight. As a

result, Apple makes each of its suppliers sign its Supplier Code of Conduct and performs

factory audits to ensure compliance. Apple may refuse to do additional business with suppliers

who refuse to comply with Apples standards. To emphasize its commitment toward

responsible supplier conduct, Apple releases an annual Apple Supplier Responsibility Report

that explains its supplier expectations as well as its audit conclusions and corrective actions the

company will take against factories where violations have occurred.


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ETHICAL ISSUES AT APPLE INC.

Although Apple has consistently won first place as the Worlds Most Admired Company, it has

experienced several ethical issues within recent years. These issues could have a profound

effect on the companys future success. Apples sterling reputation could easily be damaged by

serious misconduct or a failure to address risks appropriately.

PRODUCT QUALITYOne issue requiring consistent oversight is product quality. Apples brand hinges upon

product quality, so mistakes can create serious ethical dilemmas. In the fast-paced electronics

industry, where several new products are introduced every year, mistakes can become hard to

detect before product introduction. After Apple introduced the iPhone 4, consumers began to

complain of reception problems. The problems were caused by antenna interference that

occurred when users held the phone a certain way. Public relations experts have criticized

Apple for appearing to minimize the problem rather than reacting quickly to remedy it. After

Consumer Reports would not endorse the product, Apple provided free bumpers and cases for

a certain period of time that resolved the reception problems. This product issue did not stop

millions of consumers from purchasing the iPhone 4, but it does reiterate the great care Apple

must take regarding product quality. Consumers view product quality as inseparable from

Apple. Hence, a mishap in this area could damage the brands strength.

PRIVACYPrivacy is another major concern for Apple Inc. In 2011 Apple and Google disclosed that

certain features on the cell phones they sell collect data on the phones locations. Consumers

and government officials saw this as an infringement on user privacy. The companies

announced that users have the option to disable these features on their phones. This was not

entirely true for Apple as some of its phones continued to collect location information even

after users had disabled the feature. Apple attributed this to a glitch that it remedied with new

software. Both Google and Apple defend their data-collection mechanisms, but many

government officials disagree. The government is considering passing legislation on mobile

privacy, actions which could have profound effects on Apple and other electronics companies.


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SUSTAINABILITYApple has taken steps to become a greener company, such as reducing its

environmental impact at its facilities. However, the company admits that the majority of its

emissions come from its products. In 2009 Apple stated that its operations contributed to 9.6

million metric tons of metric gases being released. While 3 percent came from its facilities, 97

percent came from the life cycle of its products. Since Apples success hinges on constantly

developing and launching new products, the environmental impact of its products is a serious

issue.

One practice for which some consumers have criticized Apple is planned obsolescence

pushing people to replace or upgrade their technology whenever Apple comes out with an

updated version. Since Apple is constantly releases upgraded products, this could result in older

technology being tossed aside. Apple has undertaken different approaches to this problem. The

company builds its products with materials that are suitable for recycling, it builds its productsto last, and it recycles responsibly. To encourage its customers to recycle, Apple has created a

recycling program at its stores for old iPods, mobile phones, and Macs. Consumers that trade in

their old iPods can receive a ten percent discount on a newer version. Consumers recycling old

Macs that still have value can receive gift cards. Apple partners with regional recyclers that

comply with related laws. Despite this recycling program, many consumers feel that tossing out

their old products is more convenient, particularly if they have no value. E-waste will remain a

significant issue as long as consumers continue to throw away their old electronics.

Apple has also publicly stated its achievements in reducing toxic chemicals within its

products. According to Steve Jobs, Apple has eliminated cathode-ray tubeswhich contain

leadfrom its products. Its iPods are constructed with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) rather than

fluorescent lamps, which do not contain mercury. The company has also eliminated the use of

two toxic chemicals, polyvinyl chloride and brominated flame retardants, from its products.


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INTELLECTUAL PROPERTYIntellectual property theft is a key concern at Apple, an issue that the company

aggressively pursues. Apple is serious about keeping its proprietary information a secret to

prevent other companies from stealing its ideas. This has led to many lawsuits between Apple

and other technology firms. In 1982 Apple filed a lawsuit against Franklin Computer

Corporation that highly impacted intellectual property laws. Apple alleged that Franklin was

illegally formatting copies of Apple IIs operating system and ROMso that they would run on

Franklin computers. Franklins lawyers argued that portions of computer programs were not

subject to copyright law. At first the courts sided with Franklin, but the verdict was later

overturned. The courts eventually determined that codes and programs are protected under

copyright law. This law has provided technology companies with more extensive intellectual

property protections.

Another notable case was Apples lawsuit against Microsoft after Apple had licensedtechnology to Microsoft. When Microsoft released Windows 2.0, Apple claimed that the

licensing agreement was only for Windows 1.0 and that Microsofts Windows had the look and

feel of Apples Macintosh graphic interface system (GUI). The courts ruled in favor of

Microsoft, deciding that the license did not cover the look and feel of Apples Macintosh GUI.

Although there were similarities between the two, the courts ruled that Windows did not

violate copyright law or the licensing agreement simply by resembling Macintosh systems.

Two other lawsuits involved more serious ethical issues on Apples part. One involved

Apples use of the domain name iTunes.co.uk. The domain name had already been registered

by Ben Cohen in 2000, who used the name to re-direct users to other sites. Cohen eventually

used the domain name to redirect users to the Napster site, a direct competitor of Apple. Apple

attempted to purchase the domain name from Cohen, but when negotiations failed the

company appealed to UK registry Nominet. Usually, whoever registers the domain name first

gets the rights to that name. However, the mediator in the case determined that Cohen abused

his registration rights and took unfair advantage of Apple. Apple won the right to use the

domain name, which led to complaints that the big company (Apple) was being favored at the

expense of smaller companies.


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Apple faced another trademark lawsuit from Cisco Systems in 2007. Cisco claimed that

Apple had infringed on its iPhone trademark. Cisco had owned the trademark since 2000. Apple

and Cisco had been in negotiations to discuss whether to allow Apple to use the trademark.

However, Apple walked away from the discussions. According to Cisco, the company then

opened up a front organization, Ocean Telecom Services, and filed for the iPhone trademark inthe U.S. Some stakeholders saw Apples actions as a deceptive way to get around negotiation

procedures. The lawsuit ended with both parties agreeing to use the iPhone name. However,

Apples actions in this situation remain controversial. PATENTS

With the many products Apple releases each year, it makes sense for it to protect its

technology from theft. Apples aggressiveness regarding patent protection has led it to file

lawsuits against some powerful companies. For example, the company filed a lawsuit against

Samsung, claiming that Samsung had copied the designs of its iPhone and iPad for its own

products. It also filed a lawsuit against HTC Corporation, a Taiwanese smartphone manufacturer

that makes phones for Googles Android products. Apple accuses HTC of replicating a range of

cellphone features protected under Apples patents. Although the lawsuit is directed toward

HTC, it also indirectly targets Google since it is a major client. If HTC is found guilty of patent

violation, then Googles phones could also be implicated. The ethical issue is whether Apples

claims are legitimate. Is it pursuing companies that it honestly believes infringed on its patents,

or is it simply trying to cast its competitors in a bad light so it can become the major player in

the market? Although it might seem that Apple is being too aggressive, companies that do not

set boundaries and protect their property can easily have it copied by the competition, who can

then use it to gain a competitive foothold. It is up to the courts to determine whether Apples

allegations have any validity.

Finally, a more recent lawsuit accuses Apple of patent violations. Kodak has filed a

lawsuit against Apple and Research in Motion, alleging that the companies infringed on its

patent on digital-imaging technology. In response, Apple countersued Kodak by claiming it

violated Apples patents. Unfortunately for Apple, a U.S. International Trade Commission judge

ruled in Kodaks favor in Apples lawsuit. The issue still stands regarding whether Apple

infringed on Kodaks patents. Kodak is seeking $1 billion in licensing revenue.


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How Apple Innovates Despite Hierarchy

Apple is now almost the most valuable company in the world due in large to the organizations

ability to keep innovating. Year after year, Apple keeps coming out with revolutionary andbeautiful products such as the iPhone and the iPad and the iPod Nano and the list goes on and

on. Yet, Apple the Corporation seems to stick to a very strict hierarchical organization structure

filled with top secret research and projects where one employee has no idea what another one

is doing. However, if you look closer, you will find a different story

In traditional assembly line type of development, the designers start the process by designing

the product and its basic features, the developers take a look at the design and shrink it down

to what is possible, the manufacturers then figure out how to produce large quantities of thisproduct taking out more parts and features along the way, and then the marketing and sales

people figure out how to sell it. By the time the product goes to market, it is stripped down

from a Ferrari to a Honda Civic.

Apple, however, has a parallel production model a documented by Steven Johnson in Where

Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation:

Apple call it concurrent or parallel production. All the groups

design, manufacturing,engineering, salesmeet continuously through the product-development cycle, brainstorming,

trading ideas and solutions, strategizing over the most pressing issues, and generally keeping

the conversation open to a diverse group of perspectives. The process is noisy and involves far

more open-ended and contentious meetings than traditional production cyclesand far more

dialogue between people versed in different disciplines, with all the translation difficulties that

creates. But the results speak for themselves.

So the key to Apples success is not as it appears its hierarchal structure. Instead, the key toApples success is having strong cross-functional teams.


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SUCCESS STORIES

The biggest success - Apple Itself

Apple has to be one of the greatest success stories of all time. The beginnings of Apple started

with Wozniak assembling a simple built computer machine. It was in the summer of 1971

Wozniak 21 and Jobs 16 were introduced to each other by a mutual friend Bill Fernandez.

Wozniak had shown Jobs his simple built computer machine and this impressed Jobs to

the point Jobs believed he could sell it for a profit. It was here they would form a strong

friendship because they not only shared a passion for computers, but because they were both

known as outcasts and for the first time they had a great understanding, admiration and

respect for each others abilities, personality and intellect. They would begin the Apple projectby selling some of their possessions: Wozniak's HP scientific calculator and Jobs' Volkswagen,

they raised $1300 and assembled their first prototypes in Jobs bedroom. When the project

became too big for the bedroom they moved the project into Jobs family's garage, it was on a

huge wooden work bench that served as their first manufacturing base. The computers were

hand built by Wozniak and first shown to the public at the Homebrew Computer club. After

selling a number of the machines Apple was established on April 1, 1976 and went public on

December 12, 1980.

So the question is how has Apple been able to maintain its great success? Apple has maintained

its great success with its ability to understand what the consumer wants before the consumer

even knows what they want; Apple effectively creates wants by their constant creative

innovation and unique design which is stylish, user friendly and affordable. They have also

been able to create a brand in the high technology world just as Chanel has in the fashion

world. People can easily recognize an apple whether it's the I-Pod, the I-Phone, the Mac Air or

the I-Pad. It has become a product that defines one's identity in how they desire to be seen by

society that is a person who is highly innovative, intelligent, stylish and apart of the in crowd.

This is pure marketing genius. This marketing genius of Apple has seen this companyoutperform beyond the business world's expectations. While so many companies are struggling

to break even in the current recession Apple is getting stronger by the day.


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Nine key attributes of reputation Industry

rank

Innovation 1 People management 1 Use of corporate assets 1 Social responsibility 1 Quality of management 1 Financial soundness 1 Long-term investment 1 Quality of products/services 1 Global Competiveness 2

The last three years has seen Apple's profits soar, take a look at these figures:

A profit of 8.2 Billion in 2007 followed by a profit of 11.2 Billion in 2008 and most recently a

profit of 17.2 Billion in 2009. That is more than a 100% growth in profit from 2007 to 2009.

With these profits and Apple's constant innovation, what will they think of next? My bet is

another great innovated product that we never thought we would want or need, but will end

up on our wish list.

The great success of Apple can be easily understood by looking at its current standing as

mentioned by fortune 500.

Apple stats courtesy (Fortune 500, 2011).

Apple Stats
http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best1.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best2.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best3.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best4.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best5.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best6.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best7.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best8.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best8.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best7.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best6.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best5.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best4.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best3.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best2.htmlhttp://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/mostadmired/2011/best_worst/best1.html


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Steve Jobs

Steve Jobs is the co-founder and CEO of Apple and formerly Pixar. Steve Jobs regularly

makes most rosters of the rich and powerful. It is surprising for a guy who takes home anannual salary of U.S. $1. The reasons why he is on all power lists are; Apple, Next, iPod

and Pixar. Jobs is also known as the one man who could have upstaged Bill Gates.

But Jobs was as excited about innovation as Bill Gates was interested in making money.

Steve Jobs was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin to Joanne Simpson and a Syrian father

Abdulfattah Jandali (who became a political science professor). Paul and Clara Jobs of

Mountain View, Santa Clara County, California then adopted him. The writer Mona

Simpson is Jobs biological sister. In 1972, Jobs graduated from Homestead High School in

Cupertino, California and enrolled in Reed College in Portland, Oregon. One semester later he

had dropped out. But instead of going back home he hung around college and took up the

study of philosophy and foreign cultures.

Steve Jobs had a deep-seated interest in technology so he took up a job at Atari Inc. which was

a leading manufacturer of video games. He struck a friendship with fellow designer Steve

Wozniak and attended meetings of the Homebrew Computer Club with him. Wozniak and

Jobs developed a system with a toy whistle available in the Capn Crunch cereal box to make it

possible to make free long distance telephone calls. They called off the amateur venture after

someone told them of the possible legal consequences.

After saving up some money Steve Jobs took off for India in the search of

enlightenment with his friend Dan Kottke. Once he returned he convinced Wozniak to quit his

job at Hewlett Packard and join him in his venture that concerned personal computers. They

sold items like a scientific calculator to raise the seed capital.

In 1976, Jobs, then 21, and Wozniak, 26, founded Apple Computer Co. in the Jobs family garage.

The first personal computer was sold for $666.66. By 1980, Apple had already released three

improved versions of the personal computer. It had a wildly successful IPO,which made both

founders millionaires many times over. Steve Jobs had managed to rope in John Scully of Pepsi

to head the marketing function in Apple.


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A tiff with the Apple board and John Scully led to the resignation of Steve Jobs. As soon as he

resigned he immersed himself in his brand new venture. Steve Jobs decided that he wanted to

change the hardware industry. The company was called NeXTStep and the new machine was

called NeXT Computer. He ploughed in more than U.S. $250 million into the company. The

machine was a commercial washout but it did help in object -oriented programming,PostScript, and magneto-optical devices. Tim Berners-Lee developed the original World

Wide Web system at CERN on a NeXT machine. Bitterly disappointed with NeXTStep, Jobs

accepted the offer that Apple made him.

Steve Jobs also started Pixar Inc., which has gone on to produce animated movies such as Toy

Story (1995); A Bugs Life (1998); Toy Story 2 (1999); Monsters, Inc. (2001); Finding Nemo

(2003); and The Incredibles (2004). This venture has made him one of the most sought after

men in Hollywood.

Post Pixar, Steve Jobs wanted another round of revolutionizing to do. This time it was the musicindustry. He introduced the iPod in 2003. Later he came up with iTunes, which was a digital

jukebox. A million and a half iPods later, the music industry still does not know whether this

invention will save it or destroy it. Apple has a great advertising track record and its Rip, Mix,

Burn campaign was another feather in its cap. Now the industry uses a Mac to make the music

and an iPod to store it.

Steve Jobs lives with his wife, Laurene Powell and their three children in Silicon Valley. He also

has a daughter, Lisa Jobs from a previous relationship. In 2004, there was a cancerous tumour

in his pancreas, which was successfully operated upon. Jobs continued to struggle with his

health, and in 2009 he underwent a successful liver transplant.

Jobs resigned as CEO of Apple in August 2011 and subsequently assumed the role of Chairman

of the Board. He is without any doubts one of the most innovative and successful entrepreneur

this world has ever seen and according to few Apple will never be the same without Jobs.


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A Pictorial Demonstration Proving Steve Jobs Necessary for Apple Inc.

NOTE: The y-axis shows amount in billion ($) and the x-axis shows years.


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APPLEs VISION and MISSION

Apple is known for keeping secrets. Many employees and workers who worked for Apple were

most of the times not even aware of what was happening around them. Many of them

reported that they were not even aware of Apples upcoming products and were as much

shocked and surprised to see the product on its launch as any other ordinary person. Same

goes with Apples mission or vision statement of Apple. There has been a lot of speculation

about Apples mission statement and its vision. Although nothing can be said for sure but out of

many available with the name of Apples vision/mission statement few ofthem are as below:

Mission Statement:

As mentioned in Apples investors website Apples mission statement is (thus can be

considered to be the most authentic):

Apple designs Macs, the best personal computers in the world, along with OS X, iLife,

iWork, and professional software. Apple leads the digital music revolution with its iPods and

iTunes online store. Apple reinvented the mobile phone with its revolutionar y iPhone and App

Store, and has recently introduced its magical iPad which is defining the future of mobile media

and computing devices.

Another mission statement that is attached with Apple as its mission statement is:

"Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to

students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its

innovative hardware, software and internet offerings."


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Vision Statement:

"Man is the creator of change in this world. As such he should be above systems and structures,

and not subordinate to them."

Explanation of vision:

Apple lives this vision through the technologies it develops for consumers and

corporations. It strives to make its customers masters of the products they have bought. Apple

doesn't simply make a statement. It lives it by ensuring that its employees understand the

vision and strive to reach it. It has put systems in place to enable smooth customer

interaction. It has put objectives in place to continuously move forward; implemented

strategies to fulfil these objectives; and ensured that the right marketing, financial and

operational structures are in place to apply the strategies. (Hamilton, 2011)


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Current Standing

Business Volume

According to techcrunch.com, if you look at how Apple fares on the public markets today,

compared to other tech powerhouses, youll notice that the Cupertino computer giant is

currently valued at roughly $301 billion, which is close to the sum of the market cap of three of

its closest rivals: Microsoft (~$200.3 billion), Hewlett-Packard (~$72.8 billion) and Dell(~$29.3

billion).

Market cap is of course just one metricand arguably not even the best oneto make

comparisons between companies. It is, nevertheless, a most excellent trend barometer and a

simple way to compare valuations.

Income Statement (Bar chart) of 13 weeks ending 25th July, 2011.in Millions of USD

(Quarterly Data)

Documents

Introduction to Mana