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Instructor
M Sc Eng Nagham Ali Hasan
2nd lecture- 2nd semester 20082009
University of PalestineCollege of Applied Engineering amp Urban Planning
Department of Architecture Interior Design amp Planning
LIGHTING DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE
ldquoDAYLIGHTrdquo
DAYLIGHT
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
2
Importance Of The Daylight Daylight Sources Daylight Components Daylight Strategies Daylight Calculations
Three Components of DaylightingDesign
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
3
1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)
1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)
1048708 Energy (sustainable design)
Daylight for the beauty
How much daylight (footcandles- lux)
Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)
4
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Sky conditions
Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover
Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover
5
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
DAYLIGHT
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
2
Importance Of The Daylight Daylight Sources Daylight Components Daylight Strategies Daylight Calculations
Three Components of DaylightingDesign
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
3
1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)
1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)
1048708 Energy (sustainable design)
Daylight for the beauty
How much daylight (footcandles- lux)
Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)
4
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Sky conditions
Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover
Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover
5
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Three Components of DaylightingDesign
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
3
1048708 Aesthetics (light and shadow color viewhellip)
1048708 Human performance (psychology and biology benefits)
1048708 Energy (sustainable design)
Daylight for the beauty
How much daylight (footcandles- lux)
Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)
4
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Sky conditions
Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover
Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover
5
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Daylight for the beauty
How much daylight (footcandles- lux)
Quality of light (glare and luminance ratios)
4
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Sky conditions
Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover
Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover
5
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Sky conditions
Cloudy sky Sky having more than 70 cloud cover
Clear sky Sky that is less than 30 cloud cover
5
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Overcast sky Sky completely covered by clouds no sun visible
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
6
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Typical illuminances E and luminances under daylight and electric light
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Components of the Natural Light
There are three separate components of the natural light that reaches any point inside a building
Fig Components of the Natural Light
Sky Component (SC) - Directly from the sky through an opening such as a window
Sky Component (SC) depends on1 Width of the window
2 Distance between the point and window
SC varies from 001 to 15
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
2 Externally Reflected Component (ERC) - Reflected off the ground trees or other buildings
Externally Reflected Component (ERC) is small
The luminance of obstrction is taken as 10-20 that of the sky
3 Internally Reflected Component (IRC) - The inter-reflection of 1 and 2 off surfaces within the room
Internally Reflected Component (IRC) is a half of SC and is therefore significant
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
8
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Daylight Componenthellip
Daylight factor defined as
The ratio of daylighting illumination on a horizontal point indoors to the horizontal illumination outdoors expressed as a percentage
9
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
For cloudy sky
For clear sky
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
10
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Key Architectural Issues
The daylight factor in a particular building space depends upon a number of design factors including
1 bull size of daylight apertures (windows skylights etc)
2 bull location of daylight apertures (sidelighting toplighting etc)
3 bull access to daylight (considering the site building and room
4 contexts)
5 bull room geometry (height width and depth)
6 bull location of the point of interest relative to apertures
7 bull visible transmittance (VT) of glazing
8 bull reflectances of room surfaces and contents
9 bull reflectances of exterior surfaces affecting daylight entering the aperture
10 bull the effects of daylighting enhancements (such as light shelves)
11
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
The daylight illuminance at any given point in a building depends upon the factors noted above andbull the buildingrsquos global location and prevailing climate
bull the time of daymonthyear
bull the current sky conditions
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
12
Daylight factor versus illuminance as a measure of daylighting The illuminance values will change throughout the day while the daylight factors will be reasonably constant throughout the day (under similar sky conditions)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Daylight systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
13
How redirect the daylight into spaces
1 Windows2 Saw-tooth 3 Monitors4 Skylight5 Atrium
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
14
Cross section showing lighting distribution from a single-sided window installation
bullUseful daylighting will only reach a distance of 25 times the height of the top of the window above the work plane (usually taken at a desk height of 60 cmbull In a standard office building with a window height of 25 m this means a maximum of about 5-7 metres
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Windowshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
15
The Effect of Windows on Two Sides of a Room on DF
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
In overcast sky condition
Long thin horizontal windows will not prvide as much light per unit area as taller more vertical windows
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
16
The Effect of Window Height on DF
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
17
The Effect of Window Shape on DF
bull Fig shows how the DF varies across a room using two types of windows both having the some total area
(a) is for three tall windows and
(b) is for one long high-level window
Window (a) will give a good open view but (b) will provide more even daylight illumination
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
18
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
19
Cross section showing how illumination vectors become more horizontal as sidelight travels deeper into a space
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
20
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
21
Light shelf amp ceiling reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 22
Minimum Reflectance Values
Typical lightshelf
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 23
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Skylight
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
24
Double-glazed units and a range of louvered systems should be used wherever possible to reduce conducted heat losses Appropriate no of units is 5 of ceiling area
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
25
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
26
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
English court
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
27
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Roof Monitor
28
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull Saw-tooth skylight
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
29
Saw-tooth orientation
Saw-tooth inclination
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Saw-tooth
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
30
Saw-tooth preferred dimension
Saw-tooth reflectors
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
31
Mt Airy Public Library
Rooflights at Crookham ChurchSchool (Architects Edward Cullinan Architects)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
32
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 33
Use light reflectors under the light system to defuse the light through the internal space
Kimbel Art Museum - Louis Kahn
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
34
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Atrium35
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
bull
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 36
Mashroom column
Frank loyd Write
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 37
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 38
Celestins Square (The Car Bark) Central Shaft -Germany
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Artificial light amp Daylight factor The required quantity of
artificial light input is to achieve an illumance at the rear of the room comparable to but slightly less than the daylight illuminance near the window For example
Daylight factor
Artificial light (lux)
05250
10500
15750
201000
39
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Innovated Daylighting Systems
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
40
bullLight Pipes
bullThe system consists of1COLLECTOR CONCENTRATOR
2TRANSPORT SYSTEM
3EMITTER
The Light Pipe Principle
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Light Pipeshellip
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
41
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
42
Representativemeasured light levels in tall shafts at De Montfort Universityrsquos Queens Building
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 43
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 44
اإلضاءة أنابيب استخدام وبعد قبل معيشة فراغ
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 45
London Art museum
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 46
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 47
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
48
Polla museum in Japan
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 49
أو سلبي يكون قد الطبيعي الضوء من القصوى لالستفادة نظام الهيليوستاتفتحة داخل إلى الطبيعي الضوء تركز وعدسات مرايا من يتكون فهو إيجابي
النقل جهاز
The Heliostat System
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 50
The Heliostat System
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
51
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 52
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 53
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 54
متر مواجهة للشمس مع استخدام مرايا 2x2استخدم ثالث أجهزة هيليوستات بدرجة انعكاسية أعلى السقف الزجاجي فوق الفناء الداخلي كوسيلة إلضاءة
الفراغ وذلك بنقل الضوء الطبيعي إلى قاعة االستقبال
مركز تجاري - برلين المانيا
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 55
)movable-orientable Glass Louvres(
5-
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 56
The Glass Louvers may be installed as a movable or fix system
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Daylighting calculations
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
57
Where T is the diffuse light transmittance of the glazing including the effects of dirt blinds
obstructions and coverings Aw is the window area (m2)θ is the vertical angle subtended at the centre of the window by unobstructed sky
A is the total area of indoor surfaces (ceiling walls and floor including glazing)R is the area-weighted average reflectance of ceilings walls and windows
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
ExampleDaylighting calculations
An office room with 43m height 25m assume that T = 075 and
Reflectance of the ceiling= 07 Reflectance of the wall= 05 Reflectance of the window= 01 Reflectance of the floor= 03
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
58
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture 59
The total area of the room is 59 m 2 The average reflectance is area weighted in the following way
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R side wall) (Area side wall) (05)(3)(25) 375
(R back wall) (Area back wall) (05)(4)(25) 500
(R front wall) (Area front wall) (05)(10 minus225) 388
(R window) (Area window) (01)(225) 023
(R ceiling) (Area ceiling) (07)(4)(3) 84
(R floor) (Area floor) (03)(4)(3) 36
mdashmdashmdashmdashmdashmdash
Total
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
Indicative daylight factors
60
Environmental Systems in Architecture - Daylight- 2nd lecture
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
61
(a) Sidelighting average
DF= 20(AgAf) (in the area adjacent to the window to about 2Hwin away)
(b) Horizontal skylight
DF = 50(AgAf)where DF is the daylight factor as
a percentage Ag is the area of glazing (m2) Af is the area of floor to be lighted (m2)
and Hwin is the window head height (m)
