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Landscape Architecture (EAPS4303)Lecturer 2
PATHS IN LANDSCAPE
Msc. Arch. Nagham Ali Hasan
University of Palestine
Faculty of Applied Engineering & Urban Planning
Dept. of Architecture, Interior Design & Planning
Basic components Boundaries,
Designed (Kinds) according to:
1. Area
2. Security
3. Traditions
4. Style/ colour/ texture
5. Environment/ surroundings
6. Expenses/costs
Material
Plants
Wood
Concrete
Bricks
Water
Composite
Designed (Kinds) according to:
1. Area (kinds of the space)/ No. of entrances
2. Relationship to surrounding streets/ traffic
3. Elements: signs/ decorative elements
4. Materials: wood/ steel/ …
5. Style/ colour/ texture
6. Environment/ surroundings
7. Expenses/costs
Basic components Entrances and gates,
Designed (Kinds) according to
1. Material
2. Style
3. Function: moving/hiking
Principles
Quantity of movement
Compatible to style
Compatible to buildings‘ lines
Remaining areas
Start/ end
Function: moving/hiking
Technical construction
Basic components Paths/ ways/ walks/ trails,
Good path design is thus a primary method of enabling and encouraging access and enjoyment of the landscape
• The designer must be aware that what is sensed during movement in landscapes is:– constantly changing, with different views,– sounds, scents,– warmth, coolness, – brightness and shade
Path design Factors in design of width, form and surface influenced by:•Intensity and frequency•Perceived and safety and security
Official and unofficial paths
•People often prefer to walk on steeply -sloping ground rather thanuse steps with high risers,
•and will also make short cuts if a path on sloping ground appears to be too indirect.
Path
Long periods of travel though similar terrain can be boring.
Sequence and incident
Ecological ‘corridors’
1. Linear :-Organizing element for a series of space.It can be curvelinear or segmented , intersect other paths have pranches or form a loop.
2. Radial:-Linear paths extending from at central or common point .
3. Spiral : Single , conscious path originates from a central point revolved it .
4. Grid :Consist of two sets of parallel paths interested at regular intervals & create square or rectangular fields of space .
5. Composite: A combination of the preceding patterns.
Scale –form – length – place center of activity ( NODES).
Entrances to rooms & halls _ vertical elements.
Networks, Nodes and Foci• Different paths will have different functional purposes;
– direct access, – others for slower meandering exploration
•Networks:
• Junction are important
•Stopping, Meeting And Waiting
Locations.
•Path network designs also respond
to and integrate with foci (which are
often located at nodes).
paths and spaces.
• In surfaced spaces such as urban squares = it is unnecessary to consider paths as separate landscape forms
• In many vegetated and grassy landscapes, must study how to locate paths in relation to spaces.
Path Forms• Path forms can:
– have many similarities with those identified for spaces– Or be generated through narrative (telling a story through design forms) which may
draw heavily on metaphor and symbolism.
Form of Space
Geometry Interpretation of existing site formscreation of spaces to provide for changed landuse
Metaphorto generate form involves conceivingof or describing the landscape as another (normally)unrelated thing or action in a non-literal way. ‘Deadspace’, or ‘Space is flowing’ are examples of landscapemetaphor
is used in design with the intention that users of the landscapeshould understand and respond to the meaning(s)of the symbol(s).
Symbolism
Form of Space
Archetypes
Archetypes can be described as similar forms or physicalarrangements of human environments which have beenrepeated or copied over long periods of time and continueto perform the same types of functions.
Vernacular refers to regionally distinct landscapes andlandscape forms created by people who were not usuallyprofessional designers.
Vernacular Historic paradigms
Form of Space
Path Forms• Axis and meander:• Direct-Indirect
• Axis: order, power, control
• Meander: nature
degrees of enclosure• Varying the degrees of enclosure in the ‘wall’ and ‘sky’• walking through a path can be enlivened and made comfortable for example by controlling views, opening and closing glimpses, protecting from the elements and providing refuge along one edge.
Ramps: should be fully integrated in designs to enable full access to all.
•Staircase:1. can be barriers to
access.2. And exciting
landscape experiences,
•Landing: 1. always desirable2. are often
threshold spaces which enable transition as well as sitting, resting and viewing.