INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN - rosseni.files.wordpress.com · dan konsep merupakan perkara yang utama. 7. ... Adult Learning Connectivism Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM. 6/11/2015

Rosseni Din, PhD Personalized Education Research Group

Faculty of Education, UKM

Research & Education Support, PTM Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

6/11/2015 1

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN

Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM.

Table of Content

6/11/2015 Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM. 2

Definition

ID Model Definition

ID Model Theory

ID Model Model

ID Pedagogy

ID Strategy

Design & Development

Evaluation & Modelling


Instructional Design Definition


The practice of creating instructional experiences which make the acquisition of knowledge and skill more efficient, effective, and appealing.

Merrill, M. D.; Drake, L.; Lacy, M. J.; Pratt, J. (1996). "Reclaiming instructional design" (PDF). Educational Technology 36 (5): 5–7.

http://mdavidmerrill.com/Papers/Reclaiming.PDF






Instructional Design is a way of planning instruction

considering the learner, end goal or product, and

assessments. Many times, multimedia tools are used to

improve instruction and increase student engagement

(Culatta, 2011).


Instructional Design Theory

BEHAVIORIST LEARNING THEORY

7 6/11/2015 Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM.

COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY


CONSTRUCTIVIST LEARNING THEORY


HUMANISME LEARNING THEORY

• Pelajar mudah belajar

perkara yang ingin dipelajari

• Mengetahui cara belajar adalah lebih penting daripada memiliki banyak pengetahuan.

• Penilaian kendiri hasil kerja pelajar merupakan penilaian yang lebih bermakna, jika mencapai tahap

• Perasaan adalah sama penting dengan fakta.

• Pelajar belajar lebih baik dalam persekitaran yang tidak mengancam seperti selamat secara fizikal, emosional, psikologikal serta nyaman.


SOSIAL LEARNING THEORY

Perhatian (attention process) : Perhatian dipengaruhi oleh pertalian pemerhati dengan modelnya Representasi (representation process): Tingkahlaku yang akan ditiru, disimbolisasikan dalam ingatan baik dalam bentuk verbal maupun dalam bentuk gambaran/imajinasi. Peniruan tingkahlaku model (behavior production process): Sesudah mengamati dengan penuh perhatian, dan memasukkanya ke dalam ingatan, orang lalu bertingkahlaku sama. Motivasi dan pengukuhan (motivation and reinforcement ): Belajar melalui pengamatan ; lebih kuat terjadi pada tingkah laku model mendapat ganjaran, daripada tingkah laku yang dihukum.


Teori Pembelajaran Minimalisme

Aktiviti bermakna dan lengkap

Projek realistik

Arahan membolehkan taakulan

Bahan latihan dan aktiviti tanpa ralat

Latihan dengan sistem sebenar saling berkaitan


Teori Pembelajaran Beban Kognitif


1. Kepelbagaian pendapat

2. Proses pembelajaran dijalankan secara proses menghubungkan

sumber-sumber maklumat dalam nod-nod yang khusus.

3. Pembelajaran boleh berlaku di luar diri manusia.

4. Kapasiti atau kebolehan untuk lebih mengetahui adalah lebih

penting berbanding apa yang telah diketahui sekarang.

5. Keperluan memelihara hubungan rangkaian pembelajaran penting

supaya pembelajaran berlaku secara berterusan.

6. Kemampuan untuk melihat hubungan antara pelbagai bidang, idea

dan konsep merupakan perkara yang utama.

7. Pengetahuan terkini merupakan satu kegiatan dalam pembelajaran

connectivism.

8. Membuat keputusan merupakan proses pembelajaran.

9. Kebolehan dalam memilih apa yang dipelajari sangat penting

dalam menghadapi kepadatan maklumat.

10. Perubahan maklumat yang cepat akan mempengaruhi sesuatu

keputusan.

14

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-20Oqm1GvsU

6/11/2015 Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM.




Teori Pembelajaran Dewasa

Termotivasi belajar kerana minat

Berpusat pada kehidupan

Pengalaman sebagai sumber terkaya

Terarah kendiri (self directed learning)

Meningkat dengan bertambahnya usia ,


16

ID MODEL POPEYE

PEDAGOGY

Problem-oriented Project-based

Hybrid E-Learning

CONTENT Video & Multimedia

Graphic & Text Activity & Simulation

Assessment & Reflection

MEANINGFUL

LEARNING STRATEGY Intentional

Constructive Cooperative/Collaborative

Active Authentic

ECLECTIC LEARNING THEORY

Behaviorisme Cognitivisme

Construktivisme Humanisme

Sosial Learning Minimalisme

Adult Learning Connectivism



Instructional Design Model


Model ADDIE

Model Hannafin & Peck (1988)

Model Kejuruteraan Perisian (Bostock 1998)

Model Reka Bentuk Pengajaran (Dick & Carey 1996)

Model Kejuruteraan Perisian (Pressman 1997)

Model Pembangunan Sistem P&P (Din 2001)

Model RekaBentuk & Pembangunan Sistem P&P (Din 2010, 2014)


Model ADDIE

Hannafin & Peck (1988)

Model Reka Bentuk Pengajaran (Dick & Carey 1996)

Model Reka Bentuk dan Pembangunan

Sistem Pengajaran &Pembelajaran








27

ID MODEL POPEYE

PEDAGOGY

Problem-oriented Project-based

Hybrid E-Learning

CONTENT Video & Multimedia

Graphic & Text Activity & Simulation

Assessment & Reflection

MEANINGFUL

LEARNING STRATEGY Intentional

Constructive Cooperative/Collaborative

Active Authentic

ECLECTIC LEARNING THEORY

Behaviorisme Cognitivisme

Construktivisme Humanisme

Sosial Learning Minimalisme

Adult Learning Connectivism


Video link:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDvKnY0g6e4


Universal Learning for Design

UDL At A Glance (1).mp4


Instructional Design Pedagogy

PoPeye Problem-oriented Project-based Hybrid e-Learning

6/11/2015 Rosseni Din. 2015. ICeL. Kota Kinabalu Sabah. 31

iFolio Tugasan & Pengenalan



Instructional Design Strategy

MeT Meaningful E-Training

Cooperative

Intentional

Constructive

Active

Authentic

6/11/2015 47

Why I Teach

Rosseni Din. 2015. ICeL. Kota Kinabalu Sabah.

http://rosseni.wordpress.com/why-i-love-teaching/


…………

…………

One thing for sure, I certainly don’t teach because teaching is easy for me.

It is the most difficult thing for someone like me.

Who likes to work alone and focuses on tasks rather than people.

Who never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up preparing…

Who is always nervous thinking that I will be found out for the fool that I am.

Who always leaves the classroom, convinced that I was even more boring than usual.

And certainly I don’t teach because I think I know how to teach and have all the answers…

Because sometimes I feel my course is a big failure.

I really teach because I like to ask questions that students must struggle to answer.

And I like to ask questions because the world is full of right answers to even bad questions.

And while asking, I sometimes find good questions for a good answer.

…………

…………


PHASES OF D&D


Fasa 1: KAJIAN KESAURAN


Analisis keperluan membina sistem

Mengenal pasti masalah dan lompang sistem semasa

Tujuan, OK, PK dan batasan kajian dikenal pasti

Fasa 2: ANALISIS KEPERLUAN SISTEM


Laporan Spesifikasi Keperluan Sistem (SKS)

Matlamat & Objektif

Sasaran & Komponen Pendidikan

Perkomputeran, Masa & Kos

(ms 28-31)

Laporan SKS sebagai output Fasa 3

Fasa 3: REKA BENTUK SISTEM


menentukan bagaimana sistem akan dibina

berdasarkan apa yang diperlukan dalam spesifikasi

keperluan sistem

m/s 34-36

Fasa 4: PEMBANGUNAN SISTEM


menentukan bagaimana sistem akan dibina

berdasarkan apa yang diperlukan dalam spesifikasi

keperluan sistem

m/s 37-41

Fasa 5: PELAKSANAAN


Sistem yang dihasilkan mungkin mengandungi pepijat yang tidak dapat dikenal pasti semasa proses pengujian teknikal.

menilai kebolehgunaan sistem

ujian sumatif untuk mengumpul maklumat untuk fasa seterusnya iaitu penyenggaraan sistem

m/s 42

Fasa 6: PENILAIAN, PENYENGGARAAN & PERMODELAN


MeT

coop e6.52

inten e7.74

const e8.84

activ e9

.83

authen e10

.96

HiTs

outcme5

serve4

struce3

delivere2

contente1

Normed Chi-Square 2.509

RMSEA .084

CFI .972

TLI .956

p .000

.89

.86

.85

.81

.80

.45

e16

.35

-.24

.41

-.08

-1.06



Design Processes

Pre-production

ROSSENI DIN

Prof Madya (Teknologi Pendidikan), Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM

TP (Sokongan Pendidikan & Penyelidikan), Pusat Teknologi Maklumat, UKM

6/11/2015 59 Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM.


By the end of the session you should be able to:

1. Sketch your ideas for the video production project

2. Come up with a tentative topic and theme

3. Fill up and submit the proposal form


• Pre-production is the phase of further developing ideas and planning prior to the process of production.

• Pre-production is the second step in video production or film creation.

• It is normal for the various stages to be revisited more than once.


• Script writing and planning;

• Planning the video using:

i . Scripting

ii.Storyboarding

• Various tool.


Generated by the script writer.

Repeated until approved for publication.


Important to:

i . Set goals and direction of the video.

ii . The target audience.

iii. The mood/genre of video.


Script writing function as a guide from the early stages of video production until the end of production.


Source of idea for script:

Self Experience.

Experience of others.

Reading of a variety of materials.

Watch.


Structure of script:

Introduction.

Contents.

Conclusion.


If you want to produce a promotional video for the sale of beauty products.

1. Purpose: Promote the sale of beauty products

2. Target audience: Women with careers

3. Mood/genre: Professional

In the example above, we can see that the target audience is women. To attract the attention of the target audience to buy beauty products, mood/genre of video that can be themed products make clients feel confident, and professional career. Mood/genre is influenced by the choice of actors, audio and video settings accordingly.



• Made based on the script that is developed and sketched the scene is key shot (important shot) in the video.

• It contains images or visual, brief description of the relevant visual and camera shots.

• Help in visualizing the process of video production. It can help in arranging the order of the video scene, the composition of the video shots, and the relationship is a video shot by shot another video.


Why storyboarding?

1. To guide shooting shot after shot

2. Can easily be changed before production

3. To easily get feedback from others


A storyboard explain:

1 . Characters in the frame and how they move.

2. Spoken words between one scene to another, if any

3. Timing between frames

4. Camera location and movement



Milk Pancake

mixture

Honey

Strawberry

Blueberry

Butter

Pour Pour

Scene 1

Scene 3 Scene 4

Scene 2


Stir

Butter

Blueberry

Pour butter into pan

Scene 5

Scene 8

Scene 6

Scene 7


Cut

Strawberry

Pour

Flip

Scene 9

Scene 12

Scene 10

Scene 11


Enjoy!

Scene 13


1. http://studiouniversiti .blogspot.com/2010/10/fasa-fasa-dalam-penerbitan-videoscp.html

2. http://www.wideopenspace.co.uk/animation-tutorial/pre-production.html



Evaluation & Modeling Processes




Documents

INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN - rosseni.files.wordpress.com · dan konsep merupakan perkara yang utama. 7. ... Adult Learning Connectivism Rosseni Din. Kursus P&P di IPT. CRIM, UKM. 6/11/2015