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Imperialism The U.S. and the World at the turn of the 20 th Century

Imperialism The U.S. and the World at the turn of the 20 th Century

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Imperialism The U.S. and the World at the turn of the 20 th Century. Motives :. Economic Strategic Colonizing Aggressive Missionary Leadership. The U.S. purchases Alaska from Russia in 1867. Alaska becomes the 49 th U.S. state in 1959. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Imperialism The U.S. and the World at the turn of the 20 th Century

ImperialismThe U.S. and the Worldat the turn of the 20th

Century

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Motives:

• Economic• Strategic• Colonizing• Aggressive• Missionary• Leadership

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The U.S. purchases Alaska from Russia in 1867

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Alaska becomes the 49th U.S. state in 1959

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U.S. Sec. of State William Seward was widely criticized for the purchase of Alaska

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The 1896 election of William McKinley

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Rep. President William McKinley

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Spanish-American War 1898“A Splendid Little War”

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Causes of the Spanish American War

• Jingoism• Economic concerns in Cuba• Yellow Journalism• The DeLome Letter• The Sinking of the U.S.S. Maine• The “White man’s

burden”/Humanitarian concerns for the Cubans

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The Teller Amendment 1898proposed by Colorado Sen. Henry

Teller promises that the U.S. has no designs on annexing Cuba

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General Valeriano “butcher” Weyler’s “reconcentration” policyexcited many Americans against

Spain

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U.S.S. Maine

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The sinking of the U.S.S. Maine in Havana Harbor, Cuba

Feb. 15th, 1898

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“Remember the Maine and to hell with Spain””

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“Yellow Journalism”Publishers William Randolph Hearst

and Joseph Pulitzer

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William Randolph Hearst-The New York Journal

Joseph Pulitzer-The New York World

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Hearst Castle San Simeon

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Spanish Foreign Minister Enrique DeLome

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TR the Rough Rider

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Heroics at San Juan Hill?

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U. S. Admiral George Dewey

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U.S.S. OlympiaFlagship of Commodore Dewey

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Commodore Dewey promoted to Admiral

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U.S. defeat of the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay, the Philippines

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The Platt Amendment 1903Connecticut Rep. Sen. Orville Platt

• Cuba was an independent nation• The U.S. reserved the right to

intervene in Cuban affairs if deemed necessary

• Cuba had limited rights to conduct foreign and debt policies, subject to U.S. approval

• The U.S. would maintain a military base on Cuba at Guantanamo Bay

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The U.S. acquires Puerto Rico and Guam via the Treaty of Paris 1898

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• The Foraker Act (1900) establishes civil government in Puerto Rico

• Organizes the island as a U.S. Territory• Makes its residents citizens of Puerto

Rico• U.S. citizenship comes in 1917 (“does

the Constitution follow the flag?” Insular Cases as decided by the Supreme Court said not automatically

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The dilemma of the Philippine Islands

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U.S. President William McKinley and Filipino Nationalist Emilio Aguinaldo

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The U.S. –Filipino War

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Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani

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Queen “Lil” overthrown by U.S. planters in 1893

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Hawaii made a U.S. Territory in 1898 and becomes the 50th state in 1959

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U.S. Sec. of State John Hay and his “Open Door Policy” in China

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The Boxer Rebellion

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The Assassination of President William McKinley

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Presidential assassin Leon Czolgosz

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President Theodore Roosevelt

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Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

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The “Big Stick” Policy

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The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

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The Great White Fleet

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Alfred Thayer Mahan“The Influence of Sea Power

Upon History”

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• Hay-Buanau-Varilla Treaty 1903 w/ Panama The U.S. Under T.R. would recognize Panama as an independent country from Columbia in exchange the right to build a canal.

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The Panama Canal construction 1904-1914

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“I took the Canal Zone, and let Congress debate”

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Reelection of TR in 1904

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TR as Nobel Peace Prize recipient for mediation of the Russo-Japanese

War

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Portsmouth Treaty

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1908 Election of William Howard Taft

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“Dollar Diplomacy” of William Howard Taft

Promotion of American financial and business interests abroad.

The policy had profit seeking motives, but it also aimed to substitute economic ties for military alliances with the idea of increasing American influence and bringing lasting peace.

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TR runs as a “third party” candidate from the Progressive or “Bull Moose” party in

1912The result is a split within the Republican party partially allowing for the Democrat

Woodrow Wilson to win

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Woodrow Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”

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Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”• “The force of America is the force of moral

principle.” Designed to bring right to the world , preserve peace and extend to other peoples the blessings of democracy.

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U.S. concerns in Mexico

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Imperialism sets the stage for the background events of

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