Imperialism: Imperialism: American StyleAmerican Style

U.S. Foreign Policy at the Turn of the

Century

Essential Question:

How and why did the United States take a more active role in world affairs?

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Imperialism

Expansion by acquiring ownership /control over colonial areas/protectorates for economic, military, religious, or nationalist reasons.

Reasons for…

Invest surplus capital– ½ Billion by 1900

Obtain raw materials Control Export Markets Establish naval and military bases Send missionaries to make converts Compete for world power

Philosophy of American Imperialism

Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Manifest Destiny, 1840’s Political Darwinism Racial Superiority Spread of Democracy Roosevelt Corollary—hemisphere policemen Building World Class Navy

Influence of Sea Power Upon History

Book by Alfred T. Mahan– President of Naval War College,

1885– Thesis—the great imperial nations

of the past had gained their power & prestige through naval supremacy

1880 fleet—142 wooden vessels 1900 fleet—3rd in world

U.S. Territorial AcquisitionsAlaska, 1867—Seward’s Ice BoxMidway Islands, 1867American Samoa, 1878Annexation of Hawaii, 1893-1898

– Naval Base at Pearl Harbor, 1878– Queen Liliuokalani– Dole Revolution– Republic then annexation

U.S. Foreign Policy

Perry Ends Japanese Isolationism, 1853

Hay’s Open Door Policy with China, 1898

Spanish American War, 1898

T.R.’s Big Stick Diplomacy

U.S. Instigated Revolt in Panama, 1904 Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy in L.A, 1909 Completion of Panama Canal, 1914

Causes: Spanish American WarAmerican investments & tariffsCuban revolutionariesThe Butcher-General Valeriano

WeylerYellow JournalismDe Lome LetterRemember the Maine!

The “Splendid Little War” War correspondents Naval Victory at Manila Bay Rough Riders

Effects of War Cuban Independence, but Platt Amendment Annexation of

Philippines, but Filipino Insurrection Acquisition of Puerto

Rico & Guam Growth of Nationalism