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Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System Voltage and Angle Stability. Caleb Walker and Alex Chan July 18, 2013 Knoxville, TN. Overview. Power system basics Solar power (CSP and PV) Our project. Our Goal. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Impact of Large-Scale PV Penetration on Power System
Voltage and Angle Stability
Caleb Walker and Alex ChanJuly 18, 2013
Knoxville, TN
Overview
• Power system basics• Solar power (CSP and PV)• Our project
06-2
Our Goal
• To research and understand the basics of solar technology and power systems
• Analyze the effect of inserting solar panels into a large-scale power system
06-3
Basic Terminology
• Voltage (V)- Potential energy source
• Current (I)- Flow of electrons, pushed and pulled by voltage
• Resistance(R)- reduces current, causing heat due to friction
Physical Laws
• Faraday’s Law- A voltage is produced on any conductor in a changing magnetic field
• Ampere’s and Lenz’s Law- A current flowing through a wire produces a magnetic field around the wire
Power System
Generation
Transmission
• The process of transporting electricity from the generators to the load
• Why does increased voltage yield less power loss?
• S = VI*• Power Loss = I2R
Transformers
• Used to step up and step down voltage• How do they work? Physical Laws 1 and
2!
Solar Power
• Enough energy from the sun falls on the earth in one hour to produce enough power for the world for the year
• Two types: CSP and PV
Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)
• Uses lenses and mirrors to focus sunlight
• Most common model of CSP is the parabolic trough
CSP Cont.
• It is easy to integrate CSP into the grid because it uses conventional steam turbines
• Run about 20% efficiency• Because of steam turbines, hybrid
configurations can be built
06-12
Photovoltaic Cells
• Device that directly converts sunlight into electricity
• Absorbed light energy is transferred to electrons in the atoms of semiconductor materials
PV Trends
• Crystalline silicon is the most widely used semi-conductor About 20% efficient Accounts for roughly 80% of the market
• Thin film solar cells Well suited for mass production More flexible and easy to integrate Reduce costs but lowers efficiency Amorphous silicon is most common
06-14
“3rd Generation” PV Panels
06-15
PV market dominated by Europe
06-16
PSS/E
• Power System Simulator for Engineering
• Program for simulating, analyzing, and optimizing power system performance
• Power flow calculations
06-17
06-18
Our project
• Using PSS/E, we modeled a 39 bus power system and determined the effects of adding PV panels to four of the busses.
06-19
06-20
Area Tested
06-21
System before PV is Added
06-22
System After PV is Added
Results-Voltage
06-23
06-24
Results-Angle
06-25
Conclusion
• The addition of photovoltaics increases the stability of the power system.
Acknowledgements
• We would like to thank:• Our mentor, Fenkai• CURENT FACULTY
06-26
Questions?
06-27