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Introduction to the Human Givens Approach Investigation of Human Nature shows that nature anticipated human creativity often by millions of years. How the brain functions:- Three parts of brain Reptilian Limbic Neo-cortex. Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Introduction to theHuman Givens Approach
Investigation of Human Nature shows that nature anticipated human creativity often
by millions of years
How the brain functions:-Three parts of brain
• Reptilian•Limbic
•Neo-cortex
Objectives To increase awareness of the
‘neuropsychological’ basis of the human condition - ‘what makes us (& others) tick’
To better understand behaviours as coping mechanisms, a way of ‘controlling’ emotions
To develop ideas for practical strategies and options for ‘ways forward’
To understand the potential for the Human Givens approach
‘To fall into a habit is to begin to cease to be’
Miguel de Unamuno
‘It is more important to know the person who has the disease than
it is to know the disease’ Sir William Osler
Outline Introduction:
Basic emotional needsBrain function and pattern-
matching (what makes us tick)
The REM state (dreaming and learning)
The significance of anxiety & depression
Practical implications for more effective care and support
Basic emotional needs
To give & receive attention The need for intimacy The need for social connection to the
wider world The need for meaning, purpose and
goals The need for status & emotional
connection The need for creativity & stimulation The need for a sense of autonomy and
control
Resources Complex, long-term memory Ability to empathise & connect with
others Imagination A conscious, rational mind (left brain) To understand the world unconsciously
through metaphor and pattern-matching (right brain)
An ‘observing self’ (the ability to ‘step back’ – frontal lobe activity)
A dreaming brain
About the brain ... Skills are based on knowledge - innate or
learned Primitive vs. evolved brain function The brain works principally through an
infinitely rich pattern-matching process Emotion comes before thought; all thought is
‘fuelled’ by emotion The higher the emotional arousal, the more
primitive the emotional/mental pattern that is engaged
= locked attention….PTSD…… can’t think our way out of a situation…..….why CBT is limited in trauma
‘A.P.E.T’
A activating agent
P pattern-matching
E emotion
T thought
The role of the ‘amygdala’ in everyday life(the ‘danger sensor’….real or imagined)
Symptoms of Clinical DepressionDiagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Five or more of the following (inc. either of the first two) for a period of two weeks = major depression
Depressed mood Loss of pleasure or interest in usual activities Disturbance of appetite Sleep disturbance Psychomotor retardation or agitation (apathy or
restlessness) Loss of energy Feelings of worthlessness/guilt Difficulties in thinking Recurrent thoughts of death/suicide
‘Attributional style’ and depression
‘Black & white’ (‘perfectionist’) thinking and the way we make sense of the world …the ‘meanings’ we attribute to events….
How personally we take events How pervasive we view events to
be How permanent
we think an event is
REM & dreaming ... Instinctive templates programmed
during REM in foetus and neonate - incomplete templates
Activation of instinct-driven pattern deactivated by carrying out behaviour - impractical
Dreaming - metaphorical translations of waking introspections
REM - internally focused trance state (attempt to complete template)
The Cycle of Depression
Setback + too much emotion + pessimistic/perfectionist outlook = catastrophising!
Emotional arousal = ‘black & white’ thinking = more emotion = less ‘intelligent’ thinking
Excessive introspection = more pressure on dreaming process (= distorted REM sleep) = physical exhaustion & more depression ...
Problem-Focused Cycles
What is the problem?
I/we have a problem
Who/what is causing it?
Blame
Less co-operation
Less emotional energy
Less change
Solution-Focused Cycles
What do we see as being the answer?
Notice the solution
happening
Who/what helped?
What did you
do?More co-operation
More emotional
energy
More change
Ways Forward … I
Separate the person from the problem
Lower emotional arousal- define something relaxing ...- diaphragmatic (‘7/11’) breathing- muscle tension/relaxation- formal ‘trance’ induction
Ways Forward … II
Awareness of ‘nominalisations’ Reflective re-framing
(‘widening, deepening and enriching existing patterns of perception’)
Use language which presupposes positive change
Reframing
How to look at something differently Use of language Use of story Telling the story in the third person
(Thus breaking the trance/emotional arousal/black and white rigid thinking)
Ways Forward … III
Evidence change - ‘SUDS’ (‘subjective units of distress’ scale!)
Rehearse success: set a goal and agree a strategy - at every opportunity
Metaphor & storytelling Humour!
a holistic view...
Working Definition of Insanity …
Doing the same things day after day
and expecting things to be different tomorrow ...