HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEMFOR GAS TURBINES

Miguel A. Delgado Castro Graduate Student at Universidad del TuraboDr. Edwar Romero Thesis Advisor at Universidad del Turabo

HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM FOR GASTURBINES

Application Aircrafts Engines Power Plants

Health monitoring system to determine failure in components that affect its efficiency.

INVESTIGATION STAGES

This investigation was divided in four stages Gas turbine research and design. Test Gas Turbine Manufacture. Gas Turbine Fails, Maintenance, and

Monitoring research. Gas Turbine Monitoring System design

and tests.

FIRST STAGE

• Gas turbine research and design.Results Understand the gas turbine cycle

(Rankine Cycle). Learn about the gas turbine

components and their function. Select components for design. Design gas turbine.

SECOND STAGE

• Test Gas Turbine Manufacture.

THIRD STAGE

Gas Turbine Fails, Maintenance, and Monitoring research.

Components Failure Effects

Loss of efficiencyPoor performanceEngine failHazard to close people

On time replacement of damaged components will represent saving in cost of operation, will ensure service availability and obtain the most performance of the turbine components.

ACTUAL GAS TURBINE MONITORING

TemperaturePressureOil SystemVibrationLife UsageAdditional

parameters

Aerodynamic Performance Pressure Ratio Fuel Flow Speed Exhaust Gas

Temperature Throttle Position

Mechanical Performance Vibration Amplitude Oil Consumption

Ideal System Actual Monitoring System

HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM FOR GASTURBINES

The idea of this research is to design a system able to monitoring the vibrations of a gas turbine and from that information determine if there is a components that requires replacement.

It was reviewed some works to determine the viability of designing such system to work permanently on gas turbines, even when during flights in the case of aircrafts engines.

RESEARCH INFORMATION

Inspection of the turbine sometimes involves replacement of good components.

Gas Turbines vibration may bring information about the components or the gas turbine status.

Torsional vibration monitoring bring a reliable information about damage components.

Torsional vibration curve is different for any gas turbine design.

Damages can change the gas turbine efficiency and vibration.

Damages affects the torsional vibration curve.

GAS TURBINE VIBRATION CURVE

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Vib

rati

on M

agni

tude

Frequency

Vibration

Vibration

Other Resonance Frequency

Turbine Natural Frequency

DAMAGE EFFECTS ON GAS TURBINEVIBRATION

Unbalanced Shafts Unbalanced force vibration.

Flow Alterations Affect flow vibration

Material StiffnessErosion (Diminishing mass) Affect turbine natural frequency

FOURTH STAGE

• Gas Turbine Monitoring System design and tests.

The proposed experimental system. Two accelerometers Optical tachometer sensor

Accelerometers Obtain information about the linear

acceleration.Optical Tachometer Sensor

Obtain information about changes in rotational acceleration.

PROPOSED EXPERIMENTAL SYSTEM

The proposed system will use the tachometer to obtain the changes in the rotational velocity of the turbine.

One of the accelerometers will be able to obtain the information about the gas turbine vibration.

The other accelerometer will obtain information about the support vibration in order to separate the Internal gas turbine vibration from the ambien vibration.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Puerto Rico Energy Center (PREC) Project TITLE V STEM School of Engineering of Universidad del Turabo

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Incipient Bearing Failure Detection”. Sixth EPRI Steam Turbine/Generator Workshop, St. Louis, MO, August 17-20.

Eady, C. (2000). Modes of Gas Turbine Component Life Consumption, Research and Technology Organization of NATO.

Hayton, P., Scholkopf, B., Tarassenko, L., and Anuzis, P. (2000). Support Vector Novelty Detection Applied to Jet Engine Vibration Spectra. Advances in Neural Information, Processing Systems, 13, NIPS 2000, pp. 946-952.

Maynard, K., Trethewey, M., Gill, R., and Resor, B. (2001). “Gas Turbine Blade and Disk Crack Detection Using Torsional Vibration Monitoring: A Feasibility Study”. Proceedings of 14th International Congress and Exhibition on Condition Monitoring And Diagnostic Engineering Management (COMADEM), 4-6 Sep., University of Manchester, UK.

Maynard, K and Trethewey, M. (2001). “Blade and shaft crack detection using vibration measurements part 3: Field application demonstration”, Noise and Vibration Worldwide, V. 32, pp. 16-23.

Thomson, W. T., and Dahleh, M. D. (1998). Theory of Vibrations with Applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

Tumer, I.Y. and Bajwa, A. (1999). “A survey of aircraft engine health monitoring systems”. In The 1999 AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Los Angeles, CA, June 1999