Fundamentals of

Power SystemProtection

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Who Should Attend?

This is an “Intermediate level” protection course andis specifically designed to meet the learning requirementsof those who presently only have some basic knowledgeabout protection principles and want to further acquire asolid and in-depth understanding of the fundamentalprinciples of protection design.

Technical personnel who are involved in the design,installation, operation and maintenance of protectionsystems for electricity networks, such as

◊ Power System Planners◊ Power System Protection Engineers◊ Power System Managers and Technical Officers◊ Circuitry and Automation Engineers◊ Field Technicians◊ Communication Engineers◊ Construction and Project Managers◊ Power System O&M Engineers◊ Power System Consultants

Barrie Moor, B.E (Elec), RPEQ

Barrie Moor is the Principal Engineer of Power System Protection Training, a provider of professional developmenttraining seminars on the topics of power system protection. With over 39 years experience in the Queenslandelectricity transmission industry, Barrie Moor has been involved in the design, coordination and implementation ofprotection schemes associated with Queensland’s HV and EHV transmission systems since 1981. Barrie also hasextensive experience with the protection of large generating plants.

From 2000 to 2007, Barrie filled the role of Senior Engineer Protection Design, with statewide responsibility, leadingPowerlink’s Protection Design Team. From 2007 to 2012, in the role of Principal Consultant Substation Protection,

and then Principal Engineer- Investigations, Barrie provided specialist Protection Design and Fault Analysis services to support the AssetManagement and Operational Groups within Powerlink. Barrie has 20 years experience within Australia and internationally in theprovision of university post graduate training on the design and implementation of HV and EHV Transmission Protection Systems. He haspresented a number of papers on specialized aspects of protection design at conferences both within Australia and internationally.Barrie has also represented Powerlink on CIGRE committee APB5, Power System Protection and Automation and has served as acorresponding member of Cigre and IEE working groups on Protection Systems.

Introduction

Reliable protection systems are integral to electricity networks whether they be within industrial, distribution ortransmission networks. The requirements of safety, minimisation of damage to faulted plant, minimisation ofconsequential damage to healthy plant and maintenance of a stable and secure supply of electricity areparamount to all protection designs. A reliable protection scheme needs to be both dependable and secure. Adependable scheme thus has a very high level of certainty of operating correctly for all faults within its zone of coverage.Conversely, a secure scheme has a very high level of certainty of not operating incorrectly under any circumstances,especially in the presence of faults and disturbances external to its zone of coverage. These two requirements ofdependability and security are thus conflicting.

To meet both of these requirements, the protection systems need, simultaneously, to be coordinated, fast operating,secure and dependable. The provision of these conflicting requirements is fundamental to the National ElectricityRules (NER) which regulates the performance of protection systems and ensures inter-regional power flows arenot constrained and that power system stability is maintained. Thus the task, not only of the protection engineer,but of all engineers and technicians associated with power systems, is to ensure that planning,design, coordination, implementation, commissioning, operation and maintenance of protectionsystems optimises both the dependability and security of these schemes.

This is an “Intermediate level” protection course and is specifically designed tomeet the learning requirements of those who presently only have some basicknowledge about protection principles and want to further acquire a solid andin-depth understanding of the fundamental principles of protection design. It is farmore than a “basic course, it provides valuable insights to those who are moreexperienced in the area of protection design.

This course will assist both those whose day-to-day work involves them in the application of protection design, coordination and relaysetting, and also those in less directly associated areas of electricity system design. This course has been prepared specifically to meetthe requirements of :

◊ Planning Engineers, to identify the difficulties in providing protection for various power system configurations under review

◊ Maintenance Engineers, to ensure that system protection is not compromised as plant is removed from service during

maintenance

◊ Circuitry Design Engineers, to ensure that protective schemes are implemented in a manner to provide optimum performance

◊ Commissioning Engineers, to ensure the actual field installation of the protection scheme and associated relay settings meets the

design requirements.

◊ Field Technicians, to understand the importance of their role in installing, testing and maintaining effective, reliable, dependable

and secure protection systems.

◊ Protection Design Engineers, to identify protection implications and to ensure design, coordination and relay setting principles

provide the necessary levels of speed, security, dependability and safety.

REGISTER NOW! Fax your registration form to (02) 9410 0030

Fundamentals of Power System Protection

What will you learn?

Course Leader’s Profile

COURSE CONTENTS

1. Fundamental Concepts

◊ Dependability vs Security

◊ Redundancy & Duplication

◊ Zones of Protection

◊ Unit and Non-unit Schemes

◊ Local & Remote Back up

◊ CB Fail and Blind Spot Protection

2. Fault Calculations & Sequence Components

◊ Basic Considerations for 1, 2 & 3 Phase Faults

◊ Earth Faults and Transformer Phase Shifts

◊ Phase-Phase Faults and Transformer Phase Shifts

◊ Per Unit System Calculations

◊ Sequence Components and 1, 2 & 3 Phase Faults

◊ Sequence Components and Transformer Phase Shifts

◊ Resistive Earth Faults

◊ Transformers and Zero Sequence Modeling

3. Over Current & Earth Fault Protection

◊ Time & Current Discrimination

◊ Relay Characteristics to IEC60255

◊ Coordination Procedure

◊ Instantaneous Elements

◊ Grading Margins

◊ Fuses and Relay Coordination

◊ Directional Relays

◊ Ring Mains Systems

◊ Earth Fault Protection

◊ Star/Delta Transformers and OC Protection Grading

◊ Parallel Transformer and OC Protection Grading

◊ Bus OC Protection

◊ Sequential Operation of OC Relays

◊ Resetting of OC Relays

4. Voltage and Current Transformers

◊ AS60044 Specification of VTs

◊ VT Transient Performance

◊ Capacitor VTs

◊ Class P & PX CTs to AS60044

◊ Transient Performance of CTs

5. Distance Protection : Fundamental

Considerations

◊ Relay Zones of Operation

◊ Switched and Non-Switched relays

◊ Amplitude Comparators

◊ Phase Angle Comparators

◊ Impedance and Mho Characteristics

◊ Quadrilateral Characteristics

◊ Load Transfer Requirements

◊ Residual Compensation for Earth Faults

6. Protection Signaling

◊ Distance Relay Permissive Schemes

◊ Distance Relay Blocking Schemes

◊ Direct and Series Intertripping

◊ Power Line Carrier Systems

7. High Impedance Differential Protection

◊ Determination of Setting Voltage

◊ Current and Voltage Operated Relays

◊ Metrosils

◊ CT Supervision

◊ Application to Plant other than Busbars

8. Transformer Protection

◊ Buchholz and Pressure Relief Devices

◊ Biased Differential Protection

◊ Inrush and Magnetising Currents

◊ CT Connections for Phase Correction

◊ CT Connections for Zero Sequence Current

Compensation

◊ CT Ratio Selection

◊ Microprocessor Based Relay Applications

◊ Determination of Bias Settings

9. Low Impedance Busbar Differential Protection

◊ Relay Characteristics

◊ Multiple Bus zones

◊ Dynamically Switched Bus Zones

◊ Check Zones and Voltage Interlocking

◊ CB Fail Protection

10. Feeder Differential Protection

◊ Pilot Wire Protection

● Summation transformers

● Pilot Supervision and Isolation

◊ Current Differential Protection

● Digital Signalling

● Data Synchronisation

● Single and Dual Communication Schemes

● Daisy Chained Schemes

11. Auto Reclosing Concepts

◊ Dead Time and Reclaim time

◊ Single Pole Schemes

◊ Three Pole Schemes

◊ Sectionalisers

◊ Blocking of Auto Reclosing

◊ Live Line and Live Substation Work

12. Protection of Capacitor Banks

◊ In-rush Currents

◊ Can and Bank Components and Design

◊ Balance Protection Schemes

◊ Over Voltage Protection

Email: register@cpdint.com.au or visit: www.cpdint.com.au