FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 1 FAA/JAA/TCCA Collaborative Research Update Luc Angerand, JAA Eugene Hill, FAA Maher Khouzam, TCCA

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA

19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 1

FAA/JAA/TCCA Collaborative Research

Update

Luc Angerand, JAA

Eugene Hill, FAA

Maher Khouzam, TCCA

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Objectives

• Provide status of cooperative research activities

• Coordinating Committee• Fire and Cabin Safety • Aircraft Icing• Human Factors

• Identify next steps• Gain and maintain management support • Solicit feedback

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Research Coordination

T e ch n ica l T e amC a b in a nd F ire S a fe ty

T e ch n ica l T e amA irc ra ft Ic ing

T e ch n ica l T e amH u m a n F ac to rs

R e sea rch C o ord in a tin g C o m m ittee

Purpose: Promote international collaboration on safety research:

•to reduce costs to the individual authorities•to ensure harmonization of research results

Program Structure: Promotes communication through targeted technical committees, which report to a coordination committee that keeps FAA/JAA/TCCA management informed progress and status yearly.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Coordinating Committee Activities

• Held Annual Meeting in January ‘02– Status of Technical Teams– Need for 2 additional technical teams

• Aircraft Advanced Structural Materials

• Aircraft Interior Environmental Quality

– Need to define safety and cost implication of security concerns

– Implemented Research Coordination Website

http://aar400.tc.faa.gov/aar430/faa.htm

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Coordinating Committee Plans

• Next annual meeting Jan ‘03– Get up date on Tech Teams activities– Review status on Security initiatives – Evaluate additional needs

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Cabin Safety Research Technical Group (CSRTG)

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


CSRTG – Mission

• Objective: Enhance uniformity, cost-effectiveness & timeliness of cabin/fire safety research through:– Systematic joint identification, prioritization, definition &

coordination of research programs/projects– Conduct of cooperative/joint/complementary programs

• Focus: ‘Acute’ events which can be addressed by changes within / closely associated with the cabin (chronic matters not addressed)

• Areas Addressed:– Post-Crash Safety

(crash protection, fire/egress, water / environmental survival)– In-flight Safety

(fire, decompression, turbulence, medical emergencies)

… Issue: what threat(s) must we “protect against”?

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


• Materials Fire Safety• Systems Fire Safety• Evacuation• Crash Dynamics• Operational Issues

CSRTG – Main Areas of Interest

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


• Research:– Thermal/Acoustic Insulation Flammability– Fuselage Burnthrough Resistance– On-Board Inert Gas / Oxygen Generation Systems

(OBIGGS/OBOGS)– Full-Scale Evacuation Experiments– Evacuation Modeling

• Supporting:– Accident Databases– Prioritization– Benefit Analysis

CSRTG – Selected R&D Topics

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


CSRTG – Membership

ENACGiorgio Sacco

Research

Tech CenterDick HillFAA

AARDH

F-DGAC

UK-CAA

CAMI

FAA-NWMSpecifics RegulatoryContact

Jeff Gardlin

Graham GreeneRay Cherry

JAA

Hiroaki TomitaJCABJulie MartinCASA

Claude LewisTCCA

Stephane DeharvengtGregory Caudy

Mac McLean

• Member Authorities

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


• Invited Authorities

– IACIAC (Russia) – Accepted– CTA (Brazil)– CAAC (Peoples’ Republic of China) – Accepted

CSRTG – Membership (cont’d)

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Recent/On-Going – Main Issues

• 25.813(c) Access to Type III Exits - ARAC ‘Fastrack’ (in support of Cabin Safety Harmonization Working Group)

• OBIGGS/OBOGS• Fuel Tank Inerting - ARAC• Flammability of Hidden Materials (SW-111)• Detection/Suppression - Isolated Areas (SW-111)• Evacuation Trials• Evacuation Simulation

CSRTG – Harmonization Research

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Recent Accomplishments – Main Items

• Thermal/Acoustic Insulation – Follow-on, Burnthrough Resistance AC (FAATC/CAA/TCCA)– Test Refinement / Round Robin Testing (FAA/CAA/DGAC)

• Hidden Fire Benefit Analysis (RGW Cherry/CAA/FAA)

International Coordination with Industry through:– Int’l A/C Materials Fire Test WG– Int’l A/C Fire Protection WG

CSRTG – Harmonization Research

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Future (Continuation/Expansion) – Main Areas

• Fuselage Burnthrough Resistance• Flammability of Hidden Materials• Fire in Isolated Areas – Detection & Suppression• Evacuation Experiments – Large Airplanes

(Cranfield Double-Deck Evacuation Simulator)• Evacuation Modeling (Expansion/Verification)• Expansion of Accident Database• Accident Database (Expansion)

CSRTG – Harmonization Research (cont’d)

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Recent

• 3rd Triennial International Cabin/Fire Safety Research Conference– October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA

• Coordination Meetings (3-4 / Year)– June 2001, London, UK (CAA)– October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA (FAA)– March 2002, Brisbane, Australia (CASA)

• Evacuation Modeling Meeting– October 2001, Atlantic City, NJ, USA

CSRTG – Activities

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


CSRTG – Activities (cont’d)

Planned/Future

• Next Coordination Meeting– Fall 2002, Seattle, WA, US (FAA)

• 4th Triennial International Cabin/Fire Safety Research Conference– Fall 2004, Europe (tentative venue: Portugal)

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


CSRTG – Benefits of Approach

• Regulations/standards that are:– Better Harmonized– Achievable/practical

• Cost-effective research – Maximum benefit from funding• Funding incentive/leverage• Knowledge sharing – Support for safety regulatory

action, and certification • Consolidation of cabin/fire safety and occupant

survivability research projects • Expansion of cooperation to other areas

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Icing Research Technical Team

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Icing Research Technical Team• Research

– Barry Myers, TC,– Paul Spooner, JAA-UK CAA– Jean-François Détienne, JAA-DGAC– James Riley, Edward Pugacz FAA, Team Secretary

• Operations– Ron Tidey, TCCA – Dan Meier, FAA– J.C. Albert, JAA-DGAC-F*

• Airworthiness– David Johns, TCCA – Gene Hill, FAA, Team Lead – Eric Duvivier, JAA-DGAC-F

* additional members expected to join

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


JAA/FAA/TC Collaborative Icing Research

• Collaborative icing research is guided by regulatory needs, special studies, e.g., CAST, JSSI, benefit assessment, or accident report Recommendations.

• Categories of collaborative icing research focus include:– Aircraft de/anti-Icing.– Inflight icing.– Meteorology.– Training/information dissemination.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Selected Research Topics - IcingCategory Subject Regulatory Concern Research Objectives

AircraftDe/Anti-Icing

Frozen ContaminationEffects (AerodynamicEffects & Fluid Dry-Out )– Advisory Material.

FAR 121.629c.

JAR OPS 1.345.CAR602.11

Determine SurfaceContamination Effects.

Inflight Icing Use Of Icing SimulatorsAs Means OfCompliance.

JAR/FAR 25.1419

JAR/FAR23/25/27/29.1419App. C

Establish ValidationCriteria Of IcingSimulators.

EstablishInformation ForDevelopment OfSLD Means OfCompliance.

Improve ConfidenceOf Icing SimulatorMethods.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Airplane De/Anti-icing - Transport Canada

• Ground de/anti-icing research roadmap developed.

• Full-scale de/anti-icing fluid flow-off tests initiated:

– Base-line clean wing performance testing completed.

– Some takeoffs with fluids– Testing scheduled for next winter season.

• Theoretical fluid flow-off model in-development.

• Approval of ice detector for airplane de/anti-icing in-progress.

• Evaluation of natural and artificial frost for anti-icing fluids standards in-work.

• De/anti-icing terminology published. • SAE inflight and ground ice detector

specifications approved.• Type I deicing fluid HOT testing protocol

changed.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Inflight Icing Simulation• FAA

– SAE ARP’s for icing tankers, icing wind tunnels, and droplet impingement/ice accretion codes developed.

– New USAF Icing Tanker operational

– NASA/IPHWG SLD Technology Roadmap Defined.

– NASA IRT SLD calibration completed.

– SLD impingement test completed by WSU.

– FAA/NASA SLD test in ACT (Luton) icing wind tunnel completed.

• JAA (CAA-UK)– Large droplet splash

investigation let to Cranfield University

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Meteorology• FAA

– FAA/NCAR Integrated Icing Diagnosis Algorithm adopted by the National Weather Service.

– FAA/NCAR Integrated Icing Forecast Algorithm available on ADDS web-site.

– Ground Radar Icing Detection System contract let to NOAA.

– Database to define SLD environment provided to the IPHWG.

• Canada/US Icing Research Alliance, FAA and others AIRS I icing sensor field study completed.

• TCCA Terminal Area Icing Forecasting and Detection

– New in-situ snow rate gauge.– Snow rate (moisture content)

study.

• JAA/DGAC-F Inflight Icing Conditions Forecast Program initiated (completion 2004)

– Improved forecasts– Teledetection– Cloud microphysics– Identification method validation

(DGAC-F and Meteo-France, in collaboration with Canadian Meteorological Services).

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Training/Information Dissemination

• JAA (DGAC-F)– Flightcrew Icing Training

Handbook available.– Icing simulations introduced in pilot

type rating programs.– Inclusion of inflight icing curriculum

in pilot recurrent training recommended.

– Icing information dissemination assured between meteorologists, flightcrews, and air traffic control.

– Harmonization on the use of “icing severity” by the global aviation community addressed (not yet coordinated within JAA, but with

the FAA).

• FAA– Pilot Guide: Inflight Icing

Advisory Circular release pending legal review.

– NASA/FAA General Aviation computer-based inflight icing training module released.

– Resolution of inconsistent operational inflight-icing regulatory and guidance terminology in-work, including “severe ice.”

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Future Collaborative Icing Research

• JAA (DGAC-F)– De/anti-icing ice detector

validation and approval procedures.

– Critical ice shape wind tunnel testing and ice shape roughness criteria (2004).

– Rotorcraft blade ice shedding:• Simulation methods.• Ice protection system optimization.• Use of ice-phobic materials.• Development of means-of-compliance

information• Research contract tendered during

2002.

– Aerodynamic performance monitors development, evaluation, and approval procedures.

• JAA (CAA-UK:)– SLD splashing physics.

• Europe/Canada/United States – Improved icing conditions

diagnosis and forecast.

• SAE AS5485 revisions– Revised Type I fluid testing

protocol.– Artificial vs. natural snow use for

holdover time (HOT).

• SAE HOT chart format revisions– Type I fluid data expansion.– Consolidation of Type I and IV

fluid data.– Surface finish effects on HOT.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Future Collaborative Icing Research (cont..)

• Transport Canada– Flight testing of de/anti-icing fluid flow-

off aerodynamic effects.– Type I deicing fluid in-service study.– Effects of new deicing systems on anti-

icing fluid holdover time.– Approved ice detector use during

airplane de/anti-icing.

• Canada/US Icing Research Alliance, FAA, and others

– AIRS II icing sensor field study (2003/2004).

• SAE G-12 Committee– re-evaluation of anti-icing fluid flow-off

aerodynamic acceptance requirements.

• JAA/FAA 2003 Environmental Icing Workshop

• FAA– SLD simulation, impingement

physics, and liquid water content measurement.

– McKinley Climatic Laboratory (Eglin AFB) icing simulation facility development support.

– Refinement of artificial snow methods for anti-icing fluids standards.

– Mixed-phase icing physics and finite-wing ice accretion aerodynamic effects wind tunnel tests.

– Ground-based radar icing detection system (GRIDS) development.

– Down-linking of in-service icing conditions encounters.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Human Factors Technical Team

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Human Factors Technical Team• Research

– Tom McCloy, FAA– Sue Baker, JAA-UK CAA – Isabelle Marcil, TC-TDC– Stéphane Deharvengt, JAA-DGAC-F

• Regulatory– Stéphane Deharvengt, JAA-DGAC-F – Loran Haworth, FAA– Don Stephen TBD, TCCA

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Accomplishments to Date — Human Factors —

• Met Oct. 19,2001 in Boston in conjunction with the FAA/JAA HF Harmonization WG and discussed progress and future activities on the joint Electronic Flight Bag and Certification of New Flight Deck Interfaces project.

• Transport Canada presented their fatigue research program at the Jan. 23,2002 HF Technical Team meeting in Florida.

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Areas of Common Interest — Human Factors —

• Electronic Flight Bag• Certification of New

Flight Deck Interfaces• Mixed Crews (Merging

of Operators, Culture and Language)

• Fatigue (pilots, mechanics, ATC)

• Advanced ATM Systems--Airborne Aspects

• HUD Symbology• Non-technical Skills

Evaluation, e.g., CRM• Primary Flight Displays

– potential new area of joint concern

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Selected Research Topics - Human Factors -

• The results of the application of the methodology will be presented to the FAA/JAA HF Harmonization Working Group

Subject Objective Regulatory Benefit Lead Authority

Electronic Flight Bag

Identify HF consideration in design and evaluation of EFBs

Advisory material to improve methods of certifying new flight deck interfaces

FAA w/ TCCA monitoring of research activity

Certification of New Flight Deck Interfaces

**Note: Contract activities are on hold

Provide methodology to identify potential human error and flight crew vulnerabilities during certification

This methodology will be applied to the EFB project

JAA (DGAC-F) w/ TCCA monitoring

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Future Activities - Human Factors - • Continue to coordinate JAA New Flight Deck Interface

and FAA EFB research projects• Address additional cooperative efforts, especially

Mixed Crews (culture and language),Primary Flight Displays, and Maintenance Fatigue and Performance

• Meet to discuss, in depth, each others research programs and develop more effective ways to share information

Note - Main emphasis on 2nd and 3rd bullets as JAA New Flight Deck Interface project is on hold

FAA/JAAFAA/JAA


Comments Please– Need for 2 additional technical teams

• Aircraft Advanced Structural Materials • Aircraft Interior Environmental Quality

– Need to define safety and cost implication of security concerns

– Open to Floor for Other Concerns

Documents

FAA/JAA 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference 1 FAA/JAA/TCCA Collaborative Research Update Luc Angerand, JAA Eugene Hill, FAA Maher Khouzam, TCCA