F AO 41 - Code on Pigs

8/12/2019 F AO 41 - Code on Pigs

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Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

Office of the Secretary

Elliptical Road, Diliman, Quezon City

04 September 000

Department of Agriculture

Adminitrati!e Order "#

$erie of %&&&

$u'(ect ) CODE OF PRACTICE AND MINIMUM $TANDARD$

FOR T*E +ELFARE OF PIG$

$ection #, -A$IC POLIC. AND O-/ECTI0E$

!elfare considerations are important for the "eepin# and farmin# of animals$

Standard procedures in animal %elfare are not only important le#ally, but also ha&edirect economic benefits by enhancin# producti&ity$

'ood husbandry is essential for #ood %elfare, modern breedin#, feedin#,housin#, and mana#ement systems$ (his %ill lead to an impro&ement in the )uality of

life for the pi#s as %ell as an impro&ement in the )uality of the product$ (his code is

intended to encoura#e all persons in&ol&ed in the pi# industry to adopt the hi#heststandards of husbandry$

(his Code ta"es into consideration the fi&e basic freedoms of animals %hich

are*

freedom from thirst, hun#er and malnutrition+

freedom from physical discomfort and pain+

freedom from inury and disease+

freedom to conform to essential beha&ior patterns+ and

freedom from fear and distress$

Pi#s are "ept under conditions ran#in# from bac"yard to lar#e commercialenterprises %here they are totally reliant on humans for all their daily re)uirements$

(hose concerned %ith the day-to-day care of the pi#s shall treat them %ith s"ill and

consideration$ (heir %elfare shall be safe#uarded under a &ariety of mana#ement

systems$

Pi#s shall be pro&ided %ith comfortable and secured accommodations$ !hen

pi#s are "ept outside, they shall ha&e shelter a&ailable to protect them from inclement%eather and access to shade from direct sunli#ht$ .ccess to hi#h #round shall be

a&ailable %here there is dan#er of floodin#$ Pi#s confined in houses shall ha&e

sufficient space for each to feed, lie do%n stretch, and e/press their normal beha&ioralpatterns$ See (able for the minimum space re)uirements1$ .dustments shall be

made %hen needed$

(his Code is based on the "no%led#e and technolo#y a&ailable at the time ofpublication and may need to be chan#ed in the li#ht of future "no%led#e$ (he


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application of e/perience and common sense in the husbandry of animals are still

important$

$ection %, DEFINITION OF TERM$

$2 Ad Libitum refers to feedin# %ithout limit$

$ Animal Transport refers to modes of transport that %ould brin# theanimal from the place of ori#in to the place of destination usin# land, air

or %ater as a means of transportation$

$$2 Land Transportrefers to transfer of animals from place of ori#in

to place of destination usin# land con&eyance$

$$ Air Transportrefers to transfer of animal from place of ori#in to

place of destination usin# air con&eyance$

$$3 Water Transport refers to transfer of animal from place of

ori#in to place of destination usin# %ater con&eyance$

$3 Backing Boardrefers to a board used in herdin# pi#s$

$4 Backyard Piggeryrefers to the raisin# of less than 0 so%$ (hey are

usually dependent on commercial feedmills for feeds$

$ Boar refers to a male breedin# pi# %hich is at least 5 months old$

$6 Canvass Slapperrefers to the e)uipment used in herdin# pi#s that create

slappin# sounds$

$7 Caretaker refers to the person or persons assi#ned to ta"e care of thepi#s$

$5 Castrationrefers to the sur#ical remo&al of the testicles$

$8 Chill Factor refers to en&ironmental temperature of 9C or belo% that

is inuriously cold causin# pi#lets to shi&er$

$20 Cold Stress refers to stress:sufferin# caused by e/posure to coldtemperatures$

$22 Colostrumrefers to the first mil" after farro%in# and %hich is rich in

antibodies$

$2 Commercial Piggeryrefers to farm raisin# more than 0 so%s$

$23 Culling refers to separation:se#re#ation of undesirable animals$

$24 Disinectant refers to substances used to destroy bacteria or other

infecti&e microor#anisms$

$2 Distress refers to the non-specific response of the animal caused by

depri&ation of food, rou#h handlin#, e/haustion due to lon# transport,

mi/in# of animals reared separately, etc$

$26 Dry So!refers to the unproducti&e so%s after %eanin#$


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$27 Drug refers to all chemical substances e/cept foods that are used to

promote or safe#uard the health of human and animals$

$25 "ar #otchingrefers to the identification of pi#s %hich is done throu#h

cuttin# a portion of their ear$

$28 "uthanasia refers to the process of humane destruction of animal

accomplished by a method that produces rapid unconsciousness and

subse)uent death %ithout e&idence of pain and distress$

$0 Farro!ingrefers to the act of #i&in# birth in so%s$

$2 Farro!ing Facilitiesrefer to a pen:stall:crate used for the so%s durin#farro%in# or #i&in# birth$

$ Fosteringrefers to the adoption of animals durin# early suc"lin# sta#e$

$3 $iltrefers to the unbred female pi# at least 5 months old$

$4 %usbandryrefers to the act of ta"in# care of animals$

$ Lactationrefers to the process of mil" secretion$

$6 Licensed &eterinarian refers to a person %ho #raduated from a

&eterinary colle#e %ith the de#ree of Doctor of ;eterinary


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$37 Stunning refers to the renderin# of a state of immediate insensibility

deli&ered to the animal %hich should persist until the animals are

slau#htered and become permanently insensible$


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3$2$3$ "eepin# ali&e any pi# %hich is in such a condition that is

cruel to "eep it ali&e$

3$2$4 @arms %ith 0 so% le&el and abo&e shall be re#istered %ith the

=ureau of .nimal >ndustry$

3$2$ !hen pi#s are used in feedin# trials or scientific purposes, said

feedin# trials or procedures should conform %ith D. .O 40,series of 2888$

1,% Catration

?o person shall castrate any pi# o&er 24 days old, unless the

castration is performed by a &eterinarian, %ho must use local or #eneral

anaesthesia$ (his procedure can be done as early as 2 day old and an

a&era#e a#e of 3 days$

1,1 Tongue Piercing

?o person shall pierce the ton#ue of a pi# or any of its parts$

1," Ear Notc2ing

?o person shall ear notch pi#lets that are more than se&en days

old$

1,3 Tail Doc4ing

Doc"in# as a routine pre&enti&e measure may be

carried out in pi#lets durin# the first three days of life$ One third to one

half of the tail may be remo&ed by a competent operator$ (ail doc"in#of pi#s more than 7 days of a#e shall be underta"en only in an

emer#ency and shall be done by a licensed &eterinarian as defined in

$6$

1,5 Tet2ering

>n bac"yard farms, tetherin# may be allo%ed, pro&ided ho%e&er,that a minimum of $ meters shall be used for tetherin# secured

o&erhead$ (his shall be in the form of a harness %ith one loop around the

nec" and the other around the chest behind the elbo%s$ (etherin# in thean"le and a rin# in the snout are strictly prohibited$ >n all cases, close

tetherin# shall be prohibited$

1,6 Feed

@eed composition is critical to the %elfare of pi#s$ .d&ice on

suitable feeds and feedin# systems for &arious classes of pi#s may beobtained from the Department of .#riculture, throu#h its appropriate

a#encies, feed mill cooperati&es, or other firms$

1,7 Clipping of 8Needle9 or Mil4 Teet2

(he clippin# of AneedleB or mil" teeth shall be done %ithin days from birth$ Pro&ided, ho%e&er, that no more than one third of the

tooth shall be remo&ed$ Clean and appropriate e)uipment shall be used$


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$ection ", INDOOR OPERATION$ Sections 4-20 shall be mandatory to pi# farms %ith

0 so% le&el and abo&e1

",# Pig *oue

4$2$2 Construction of pi# houses:shelters shall be in accordance %ith

the buildin# recommendations of the =ureau of .nimal >ndustry

=.>1 or >nternational (rainin# Center on Pi# usbandry

>(CP1 or Philippine Colle#e of S%ine Practitioners PCSP1 orpi# e/perts in the #o&ernment or pri&ate sector$

4$2$ @arm mana#ers and careta"ers shall possess ade)uate

technical:practical "no%led#e and e/perience in the maintenanceof the facilities$ (his is important %here special buildin#s and

comple/ mechanical and electrical e)uipment are in&ol&ed$

4$2$3 ouses for pi#s shall be built on sites safe from floodin# or

landslides$

4$2$4 Precautions a#ainst fire shall be underta"en by pro&idin#

sufficient fire e/its to allo% e&acuation in case of emer#encies$

4$2$ Electrical installations shall be periodically chec"ed, preferably

monthly$

4$2$6 @irefi#htin# e)uipment shall be installed$

",% *:giene

4$$2 !alls, ceilin#s, fittin#s and floors of the buildin# shall be made

of materials that are easily cleaned and disinfected$

4$$ Drains shall be "ept clear$ (he pen shall be cleaned of any

spoiled feed or dun# and disinfected before bein# restoc"ed$

",1 Floor

4$3$2 @loors shall be made of a non-slip material %hich is easilycleaned, and there shall be a clean dry area of sufficient size to

allo% all pi#s to sleep comfortably at the same time$

4$3$ Space shall be sufficient to allo% for a separate dun#in# area%here floors are not slatted$

4$3$3 Slatted floor desi#n shall consider its use for pi#lets, fattenersand breeders$ !idth of the solid area and the %idth of the #ap in

relation to the size and type of the pi#s is sho%n in .nne/ 2$

"," $afet:

4$4$2 .ll sharp proections and ed#es li"ely to cause inury to the pi#sshall be remo&ed or co&ered$

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4$4$ Pen fittin#s shall be inspected re#ularly and "ept in #ood

%or"in# order$

4$4$3 Paint and timber preser&ati&es to/ic to pi#s shall not be used on

surfaces accessible to the pi#s$

4$4$4 .ny electrical fittin# and attachment shall be out of the reach of

pi#s$

4$4$ Proper pro&ision shall be made for the stora#e of dru#s and

dan#erous chemicals used in and around the pi##ery$

",3 $pace

(he class, body %ei#ht and size of the pi#s influence the

stoc"in# density$ @or this purpose, the attached .nne/es 3 shall be

recommended$

",5 Lig2ting

.rtificial li#ht shall al%ays be a&ailable for use durin# the ni#ht

or dar"ened periods of the day$

",6 Temperature

Pi#s older than 5 - 20 %ee"s tolerate a %ide ran#e oftemperatures, as lon# as the chan#es are not abrupt See (able 4 for a

#uide to the ran#es of temperature that afford satisfactory comfort1$

Drafts and:or e/cessi&e moisture produces the Achill factorB$ Sparse hairco&erin# in modern breeds and lac" of subcutaneous fat relati&ely ma"e

these animals susceptible to temperature stress$ oused pi#s shall be

protected from %ide or abrupt temperature fluctuations %ithin any 4-hour period$

4$7$2 ?e%born Pi#lets

4$7$2$2 ?e%born pi#lets are prone to cold stress hypothermia1

because they are unable to maintain their body

temperature independent of their surroundin#s$ (his canlead to death$ (he distance in %hich pi#s lie apart is an

e/cellent #uide to their comfort$ unched bac"s, slu##ish

mo&ement, shi&erin# and huddlin# of the pi#lets areindications that they are feelin# cold$ ypo#lycemia lo%

blood su#ar le&el1 can be considered$

4$7$2$ (he nest or creep area shall ha&e a temperature of 3 Cup to three %ee"s of a#e$ (he pro&ision of beddin#,

insulation and artificial heat:li#ht in the nest may be

necessary$ .ttraction of pi#lets to the heat:li#ht sourcealso helps reduce pi#let mortality from crushin# at

farro%in#$

4$7$2$3 Suspended heatin# de&ices shall be "ept out of the reach

of pi#s or protected from pi#lets comin# into contact %ith

them$

4$7$ 'ro%in# Pi#s and .dults

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4$7$$2 E/cessi&e heat loss from the buildin# can be pre&ented by

ade)uate structural insulation and by automated control

of the &entilation system$ (he obecti&e is to find thecorrect balance bet%een ade)uate airflo% and

temperature control$

4$7$$ Pi#s shall be relie&ed in times of heat stress usin#

appropriate coolin# de&ices %hen internal house

temperature and humidity are hi#h$ (he installation anduse of automated %ater sprin"lers shall be considered

%here such problems are li"ely to occur re#ularly$

",7 Air ;ualit:

4$5$2 'ood )uality air in enclosed houses is necessary to pro&ide fresh

air+ remo&e e/cess heat and moisture+ minimize the transmission

of air-borne infectious a#ents+ remo&e %aste #ases+ and minimizedust particles in the atmosphere$

4$5$ (here must be a balance bet%een the need to pro&ide fresh air

and the need to protect pi#s from drafts$

4$5$3 !hen pi#s are "ept o&er static effluent stora#e systems, efficient

&entilation is particularly important, as dan#erous fumes may

result from the effluent$

4$5$4 (he careta"er shall re#ularly chec" for the presence of no/ious

#ases at pi# le&el as, at normal human standin# hei#ht, le&elsuncomfortable to the pi# may not be reco#nized$

4$5$ (he presence of ammonia is usually a reliable indicator to the

build-up of no/ious #ases+ it shall not be allo%ed to e/ceed 0parts per million ppm1 of air in an enclosed pi# house %ithout

immediate correcti&e action bein# ta"en$ . le&el of 20-2 ppm

of ammonia in the air can be detected by smell and a ammoniale&el of from to 3 ppm %ill cause eye and nasal irritation in

people$ Fe&els as lo% as 22 ppm may impair pi# performance

and producti&ity$

4$5$6 >t is important to maintain an ade)uate airflo% durin# hot%eather to ensure housed pi#s do not become o&erheated$

4$5$7 .ir )uality must be sufficient to pre&ent the health of the pi#s

from bein# ad&ersely affected$

4$5$5 Pi#s must be protected from temperature e/tremes$

4$5$8 (here must be sufficient li#ht a&ailable to enable the satisfactoryinspection of all pi#s$

",< Mec2anical E=uipment

4$8$2 .ll mechanical e)uipment used in pi# production shall be

re#ularly inspected at least once a month and "ept in #ood%or"in# condition$ (his includes feedin# and effluent remo&al

e)uipment, drin"ers, &entilation systems, li#htin# units, heaters,

%ater pumps and hoses, fire e/tin#uishers, and emer#ency po%er#enerators$

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4$8$ >n case of po%er failure or mechanical brea"do%n, pro&ision

shall be made for other means of heatin#, li#htin# and&entilation, and the feedin# and %aterin# of stoc"$

4$8$3 .n alarm system %ith a bac"-up battery system is desirable to%arn of any e)uipment brea"do%n$

",#& +ate Control

(he pi#sG house shall be re#ularly cleaned and contaminated

beddin#, feces and urine shall not be permitted to accumulate to a sta#e

%here they pose a threat to the health and %ell-bein# of pi#s or disruptthe normal instinct of pi#s to ha&e separate dun#in# and sleepin# areas$

",## Farro>ing $o> and $uc4ling Piglet

4$22$2 @arro%in# )uarters shall ha&e some means of protectin# pi#lets

from o&erlayin# by the so%$

4$22$ So%s shall be introduced to clean farro%in# )uarters at least 3-

days before the pi#lets are due to be born$ (he farro%in# cratesmust be of suitable desi#n and ade)uate size to allo% the so% to

lie do%n at full len#th and %ithout le# restriction$ She must also

be able to rise to a standin# position in one mo&ement and be

able to stand comfortably$

4$22$3 (he bottom rails or Apron#sB shall be positioned to allo%

ade)uate access for all the pi#lets to suc"le freely at one time$.de)uate railin# shall be pro&ided across the top of the crate to

pre&ent the so% from attemptin# to climb out of the crate, but at

the same time shall allo% free access to carry out normalmana#ement procedures$

4$22$4 (he farro%in# crates shall consider the %ei#ht and allo%ance for

the size of the so%s$ (he dimensions listed in .nne/ arepro&ided as a #uide only$ (he careta"er is responsible for the

%elfare of so%s in farro%in# crates and must ensure that the

crate is appropriate to the so% it confines$

4$22$ >t is stron#ly recommended that so%s shall not be confined in

farro%in# crates for more than 2 month at any one time$

4$22$6 . temperature suitable for pi#lets shall be maintained and

pro&ision of artificial heatin# for at least the first 7-24 days of

life$ Care shall be ta"en to ensure the so% is not distressedand her en&ironment shall be si#nificantly cooler than that

pro&ided for the pi#lets$ eatin# de&ices shall be securely fi/ed

and protected from interference by the so% or pi#lets$

4$22$7 !eanin# pi#s are done at 30 days old$ >f %eaned earlier, special

pro&isions such as nutrition, e)uipment shall be maintained$Problems associated %ith %eanin# are #enerally related to the

size and physiolo#ical maturity at %eanin#$ !eanin# pi#s %hich

are less than 3 %ee"s old e/poses them to si#nificant %elfareproblems$

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4$22$5 Early access of the pi#lets to meal %ithin 2 %ee" of birth1

reduces diarrhea that occurs at %eanin#$ >t is desirable that creep

feedin# shall be#in by the end of the second %ee" oflife pro&ided the creep feed is hi#hly di#estible$ @rom that point

on e&en hi#h lactatin# so%s are #enerally unable to pro&ide

sufficient mil" to meet the #ro%th potential of the modern pi#let$

4$22$8 Clean source of %ater shall be a&ailable from birth$ (he %ater

deli&ery system shall be at a suitable hei#ht for the pi#lets$ >tshall be of the same type as that used in the area for %eaners, so

that %hen %eanin# ta"es place the ris" of dehydration %ill be

minimized$

4$22$20 .ttention to floor #ap dimensions is necessary for pi#lets "ept in

pens %ith perforated or slatted floors to a&oid inury to le#s and

feet$

",#% Gro>ing Pig

(he total floor space shall be ade)uate for sleepin#, feedin# and

e/ercisin#$


11/23

made for alternati&e accommodation for pi#s that sho% se&ere

lameness or beha&ioral problems$

4$24$ =reedin# boars, so%s and #ilts shall not be confined in indi&idual

stalls and:or farro%in# crates for more than 6 %ee"s at any one

time and that, in any reproducti&e cycle, such confinement shallnot e/ceed 60I of the period. . reproducti&e cycle for this

purpose is defined as 20 days1$ !hen released from the stall

and:or farro%in# crate the animal shall be mo&ed toaccommodation for a reasonable period of time se&eral %ee"s1$

(his accommodation should allo% the pi# to perform its natural

body functions in a manner %hich is relati&ely unrestricted and

%hich %ill not permit opportunities for e/cessi&e a##ressionfrom other animals in that area$

",#3 -oar

4$2$2 =oars may be "ept on their o%n or in small #roups$ !hen they

are "ept in #roups, they shall be selected for compatibility$ .boar may be "ept %ith a #roup of breedin# #ilts or dry so%s,

pro&ided bullyin# does not occur$ . succeedin# .O %ill address

this problem$

4$2$ .s a #uide, indi&idual accommodation for an adult boar shall

ha&e a floor area of not less than 7$ m, %ith the shortest side

not less than $ m$ >n either case, the pen di&isions shall not beless than 2$ m hi#h$ =oar pens shall not be sited or

constructed in such a %ay as to isolate the boar from the si#ht or

sound of so%s durin# the period up to successful matin#$ >t ispreferable, in &ie% of the influence that the boar has on the onset

of oestrus durin# the period after %eanin#, that he be housed

adacent to them$

4$2$3 (he floors of the pen shall ha&e ade)uate slope for draina#e and

ha&e a non-slip surface$

4$2$4 (he tus"s of boars may be trimmed$

$ection 3, FEEDING

3,# Feed

$2$2 @eeds and the amount of feed shall be based on the sta#es of

#ro%th and production of the pi#s see (able 6 for #uidance on

feed re)uirements1$

$2$ .de)uate in&entory of feeds shall be insured$ Sudden chan#es in

the composition of the diet shall be a&oided as they can causedi#esti&e upsets$

$2$3 Diets shall be ade)uately formulated to meet the animalsGre)uirements for protein, fat, fiber, ener#y, minerals, &itamins

and amino acids$

$2$4 Only dru#s and their proper usa#e as appro&ed by theDepartment of .#riculture-=ureau of .nimal >ndustry D.-=.>1

and Department of ealth-=ureau of @ood and Dru#s DO-

[email protected] shall be used$

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$2$ >f pi#s are not fed on an ad libitumbasis, the trou#h space or

floor area must be lar#e enou#h to allo% all of them to feed atthe same time unless the operation in&ol&es a computer-

controlled feedin# system$

$2$6 Pi#s must be supplied %ith and ha&e access to proper and

sufficient feed and %ater to maintain health, at least once a day$

$2$7 Joun# recently %eaned pi#s should be fed ad libitumor must be

fed at least t%ice daily %ith sufficient )uantities+ the )uality of

feed to conform %ith the ?RCP nutrient standard to maintain

steady body #ro%th$

$2$5 Slou#hs and s%ills shall not be fed to pi#s in commercial

operations$

3,% Electronicall: or Mec2anicall: Controlled Feeding $tation

$$2 (he buildin# layout and location of the station %ithin the

buildin# shall be carefully planned to ensure that it functions

effecti&ely$

$$ . %ater supply shall be pro&ided independent of and outside the

feedin# point$

$$3 .de)uate safe#uards shall be obser&ed to pre&ent animals from

bein# trapped in the feeder or from failin# to obtain feeds$

$$4 (he flo% of animals into and out of the feeder shall be controlled

to a&oid bullyin# and a##ression$

$$ (he careta"er shall re#ularly monitor the health and condition of

all animals and ensure that animals ha&e recei&ed their dailyration$

$$6 Proper procedure in introducin# ne% animals into the #roup shall

be obser&ed to minimize a##ression$

3,1 Drin4ing +ater

$3$2 !ater shall be of a )uality suitable for pi#s and shall be tested

for salt and mineral content and microbiolo#ical contamination$

$3$ @resh %ater shall be a&ailable and accessible at all times$ @lo%

rate per minute and number of pi#s per drin"er are "ey points to

be considered$

$3$3 .utomatic %aterin# systems shall be chec"ed re#ularly to ensure

that they are in %or"in# order$

$3$4 (he %ater supply for a pi##ery shall be sufficient and the

reser&es ade)uate to cope %ith the 4-hour demand$

$3$ (he daily consumption of %ater by a pi# can &ary accordin# to

en&ironmental temperature and li&e%ei#ht$ (able 7 sho%s the

ran#e of daily %ater consumption by &arious classes of pi#$

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$3$6


14/23

Care shall be ta"en to a&oid unnecessary pain and sufferin#

throu#hout all mana#ement and handlin# procedures$

>nspections shall be underta"en re#ularly %hen pre#nant so%s

are due to farro% and:or "ept in close confinement, in &ery hot %eather,durin# an outbrea" of disease, %hen &ices such as tail bitin# occur, or

%hen #roups of pi#s ha&e recently been mi/ed to#ether$

5,% Catration

6$$2 Castration is normally unnecessary in modern pi# production

systems$ o%e&er, if castration is carried out, it shall be done asearly as the mana#ement practice %ill allo% usually at 3- days1

but not later than 24 days$ >t shall be performed usin# clean sharp

instruments, %ith strict attention to hy#iene$

6$$ Should castration be necessary for pi#lets %ith scrotal hernia and

those that are abo&e 24 days, this shall be done under anaesthesiaby a &eterinarian$

5,1 Identification

@or permanent identification, pi#sG ears may be notched, ta##ed,

punched, tattooed or an electronic identification system used$ Particular

care must be ta"en %hen tattooin# to a&oid pain and discomfort$ Pi#letsshall be ear-notched before reachin# 7 days of a#e$

5," Tu4 Trimming

6$4$2 (us"s may be trimmed as a precaution in a##ressi&e boars$ (he

e/posed tus" has no ner&es, so no anaesthetic is needed$

.ppropriate methods of restraint must be used$ E/pert ad&icefrom a &eterinarian or other person s"illed in the procedure shall

be obtained$

6$4$ (us"s shall be se&ered s"illfully abo&e the le&el of the #ums

%ithout causin# dama#e to other tissues$

5,3 Mi?ing of Pig

!here unfamiliar pi#s must be mi/ed this shall be done in a

manner %hich minimizes a##ression, such as usin# a ne% pen, pro&idin#feed on the floor, or usin# a pen %ith room for escape$

5,5 -ac4fat Meaurement

Kse only ultrasonic e)uipment on the li&e animal$


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16/23

7," Pre!ention and Control of Dieae

5$4$2 (hose responsible for the care of the pi#s must be a%are of thesi#ns of ill-health$ (hey shall also maintain a hi#h standard of

personal hy#iene as part of any pro#ramme to pre&ent disease in

pi#s$ . health pro#ramme must include &accination, cullin#,disposal of dead pi#s, post-mortem and medication$

5$4$ .ll procedures must be carried out %ith s"ill and concern for thepi#Gs %elfare$

5$4$3 Records detailin# deaths, sic" animals, treatments #i&en and

responses to treatment shall be "ept to assist diseasein&esti#ations$

5$4$4 !hen clinical si#ns of ill-health, hi#h mortality, and ill-thrift

persists despite attempted remedial action, &eterinary ad&icemust be sou#ht$

5$4$ Sic" and inured animals must be treated as soon as possible$ >f

necessary, they shall be isolated$

5$4$6 Pi#s %ith incurable disease or painful deformity must be

humanely disposed of$

5$4$7 Dead pi#s must be promptly remo&ed from other pi#s and, if not

re)uired for post-mortem e/amination, disposed of by burnin# or

buryin#$

5$4$5 Pi#s must be re#ularly inspected for si#ns of disease, includin#

internal and e/ternal parasites, and treatment instituted %hereabnormalities or infestations are detected$

5$4$8 . licensed &eterinarian shall be consulted in establishin# aparasite control pro#ramme$

5$4$20 . &accination pro#ram a#ainst ho# cholera and @oot-and-ndustry &eterinary officers for serolo#ical tests %hen so

re)uired$

5$4$2 >f there is a notifiable disease outbrea" in epidemic proportion,

the =.>-.nimal ealth Di&ision must al%ays be notified$ (he

=.> personnel shall be allo%ed to enter, inspect and in&esti#ate

the farm premises$ (hey shall obser&e biosecurity measuresbein# implemented by the farm$

$ection


17/23

8$2$ (he method of slau#hter shall be effecti&e and cause immediate

unconsciousness %hich persists until the animal is dead$ >t is also

important that the animal be handled )uietly beforehand toensure it is not unnecessarily distressed or alarmed$ (he methods

described belo% are those considered most suitable in the case of

an emer#ency$

8$2$3 D. .O 2, series of 2888 shall be adopted for "illin# animals$

t is imperati&e that the head is not mo&in# at the time the

blo% is deli&ered$ (he s"ull must be fractured by the blo% and the

animalGs throat cut immediately to ensure that consciousness is notre#ained before it has bled to death$

@i#ure 2$

The Site for Percussive

Stunning of Adult Pigs.

er and Adult Pig

.ny pi# much lar#er than a suc"lin# pi# shall be stunned in

accordance to .O 2, series of 2888, before bleedin# by a method thatcauses #ross dama#e to the brain, particularly the cerebrum the front

portions of the brain1 and:or the brain stem$ (he animal must then be

bled immediately by either a deep incision in the nec" or stuc" bet%een

the first t%o ribs so that the maor &essels enterin# and:or lea&in# theheart are se&ered$

$ection #&, TRAN$PORT

#&,# General Guideline

20$2$2 (ransportin# pi#s presents special problems, particularly if

they are not accustomed to bein# herded$ Patience is essential,

and the proper desi#n of yards, loadin# ramps and otherassociated ser&ices %ill facilitate loadin# or unloadin#, %ith

minimum distress and bruisin#$

20$2$ Pre-tra&el rest is not appropriate for pi#s$ Pi#s shall be mo&ed

from their housin# and loaded into the transport &ehicle in one

operation$

20$2$4 >t is recommended that youn# pi#lets, so%s %ith pi#lets, adult

boars, unfamiliar #roup of pi#s and so%s in ad&ancedpre#nancy be transported or penned separately*

27

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18/23

20$2$ Pi#s are susceptible to e/tremes of heat and cold$ (hey must be

protected from direct sunli#ht$ >n &ery hot, humid %eather anambient temperature of 5 C or hotter1, pi#s shall not be

transported$

20$2$6 >n cold %eather, clean stra% or other dry beddin# is desirable$

Pi#s shall be protected from %ind and rain$

20$2$7 =oars %ith protrudin# tus"s shall be transported in indi&idual

pens$

20$2$5 $

#&,1 Duration of /ourne:

20$3$2 !ater and feed should be pro&ided for pi#s on a daily basis$ (his

needs to be ta"en into account %hen plannin# the mo&ement ofpi#s$

20$3$ >t is recommended that the transport time plus laira#e shall not be

more than 24 hours in land transport$

20$3$3 Pi#s shall not be transported from 20 a$m$ to 4 p$m$ in cities and

hi#hly urbanized municipalities$

20$3$4 Knder normal conditions, adult pi#s shall not be transported for

more than 5 hours %ithout %ater and 2 hours %ithout feeddurin# daytime$ (he actual fre)uency bet%een pro&idin# feed

and %ater %ill be determined by the a#e and class of the

animals and the en&ironmental temperature$ (he follo%in# mayre)uire the inter&als bet%een pro&idin# feed and %ater to bereduced*

%eather temperature1,

sta#es of #ro%th,

a#e youn# stoc"1,

pre#nancy,

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25


19/23

lactation$

$ection ##, PENAL PRO0I$ION$

;iolation of any of the pro&isions of this Rules and Re#ulations shall bepenalized in accordance %ith the la%$

$ection #%, $EPARA-ILIT. CLAU$E

>n case any pro&ision of this Rules and Re#ulations is declared contrary

to la% and:or unconstitutional, other pro&isions %hich are not affected thereby

shall continue to be enforced and in effect$

$ection #1, REPEALING CLAU$E

.ll administrati&e Orders, Rules and Re#ulations and otheradministrati&e issuance or parts thereof, inconsistent %ith the pro&isions of this

Re#ulation are hereby repealed or modified accordin#ly$

$ection #", EFFECTI0IT.

(his Re#ulation shall ta"e effect fifteen 21 days after its publication in

a ne%spaper of #eneral circulation$

EDGARDO /, ANGARA

$ecretar:

Code on pi#s:Code on Pi#s

28

28


20/23

Ta'le #, Guide to latted floor deign in relation to i@e and t:pe of pig

$i@e and T:pe of Pig +idt2 of $lat mmB Gap $i@e mmB

@arro%in# so%s and

pi#lets up to 30 "#1 25 - 5 - 8

!eaners -30 "#1 25 - 20 - 24

@inishers 30-200 "#1 60 - 200 20 - 0

So%s, finishers and

boars o&er 200 "#1 50 - 2 20 -

Note) >f %ire mesh is used for floorin#, the preferred %ire #au#e is 6$4 mm$

Ta'le %, Minimum recommended 2ouing and 2elter pace for 2oued pig

Minimum pace

$:tem allo>ance Comment

m%pigB

'roups of #ro%in# pi#s

up to 20 "# 0$22 !here a dun#in# area, is pro&ided22 - 0 "# 0$0 the allo%ance should be increased

2 - 40 "# 0$3 by 0-30I$ !hen lids or "ennels

42 - 60 "# 0$0 are used %here a ceilin# is created 62 - 50 "# 0$70 that is lo%er than 2$ m abo&e

52 - 200 "# 0$5 floor le&el the allo%ance should

be increased by 0I$

'ilts up to matin# 2$00

.dult pi#s in #roups $0

Pre#nant so%s in

indi&idual stalls 2$0 0$6 m / $0 m

=oar pens 7$0 minimum len#th of shortest side

$ m Factatin# so%s and litters

indi&idual pens 7$40 multi-suc"lin# #roups $60 for each so% and litter

0

0


21/23

Ta'le 1, Minimum recommended troug2 feeding pace for 2oued pig

Pig +eig2t Recommended lengt2 mmB

of troug2 per pig

0 00

70 0

80 300

L 200 30

Ta'le ", Guide to temperature range for 2oued pig in till air at

normal feed inta4e and t2e recommended toc4ing denit:

So%s and boars 2 - 30 C

Pi#lets M ne%born 7 - 3 C

M 3 %ee"s 4 - 30 C

!eaners 0 - 30 C

'ro%ers and finishers 2 - 30 C

Ta'le 3, $uggeted minimum farro>ing crate dimenion at t>o o> >eig2t

At #%& 4g At #7& 4g

Meaurement mmB mmB

Fen#th - lyin# area 2600 250

- rump rail 00 00- trou#h 300 300

(otal len#th 200 30

!idth - floor le&el to 00 mm 500 800

- 00 M 2000 mm abo&e floor le&el 00 00

=ottom rail - hei#ht from floor 250 00

- distance from draft barrier 300 300

2

2


22/23


23/23

Ta'le 7, Loading Denitie

A!erage $pace Allo>ance m%2eadB

Li!e>eig2t 4gB

Minimum Ma?imum

0 0$2 0$5

70 0$6 0$33

80 0$30 0$40

200 0$36 0$46

20 0$0 0$60

00 0$6 0$73

3

3

Documents

F AO 41 - Code on Pigs