Environmental Management Plan - Orpicorpic.om/UploadsAll/Sohar_Report3.pdf · operates oil refineries (MAF and Sohar Refinery), aromatics plant and polypropylene plant at ... engineering

Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries Co. Sohar Refinery, P.O. Box 282Falaj Al Qabail, PC:322, SoharSultanate of Oman

CB & I Lummus B.V.Prinses Beatrixlaan 35 2595 AK, The HagueNetherlands

HMR Environmental Engineering Consultants

P.O. Box: 1295, CPO Seeb, Postal Code: 111

Sultanate of Oman

Tel: (968) 24618800; Fax: (968) 24618811

Email: [email protected]

www.hmrenv.com

Document No.: G-S000-5240-004

Environmental Management Plan

Petrochemical Plant (Sohar)March 2015

Petrochemical Plant Sohar Environmental Management PlanOrpic and CB&I HMR #3817

G-5000-5240-004 HMR Consultants

March 2015 i

Issue and Revision

Rev. Document Description DateHMR FEED Company

Prepared Checked Approved Approved

0G-S000-5240-004

Environment Management Plan for PC

Issued for FEED

Radheshyam Radheshyam StuartNoelia Benzal Martinez/ Fahd Sharaf

This document has been prepared for the above titled project and it should not be relied upon or used for any other project

without the prior written authority of HMR Environmental Engineering Consultants. HMR Environmental Engineering

Consultants accepts no responsibility or liability for this document to any party other than the client for whom it was

commissioned.

Document No.: G-S000-5240-004

Environmental Impact Assessment Report

Petrochemical Plant (Sohar) March 2015



March 2015 ii

Table of Contents

1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................1-1

1.1 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)............................................................................1-3

2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ............................2-1

2.1 Organisation and Responsibilities .......................................................................................2-1

2.2 Environmental Permitting for Construction ........................................................................2-2

2.3 Site Security and Safety.......................................................................................................2-3

2.4 Site Preparation ...................................................................................................................2-4

2.5 Labour Camps .....................................................................................................................2-4

2.6 Sourcing of Construction Materials and Utilities ................................................................2-5

2.7 Mitigation Measures............................................................................................................2-5

2.7.1 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................2-6

2.7.2 Noise ............................................................................................................................2-8

2.7.3 Wastewater Management ............................................................................................2-9

2.7.4 Non - Hazardous Solid Waste Management..............................................................2-11

2.7.5 Hazardous Waste Management .................................................................................2-12

2.7.6 Hazardous Materials Management ...........................................................................2-14

2.7.7 Social Management ...................................................................................................2-15

2.7.8 Environmental Auditing/Verification Monitoring Campaign....................................2-16

2.7.9 Review and Implementation of Corrective Actions....................................................2-16

2.7.10 Environmental Monitoring/VMC Program ...........................................................2-17

3 OPERATION PHASE MANAGEMENT PLAN........................................................................3-1

3.1 Organisation and Responsibility..........................................................................................3-1

3.2 Site Handover from EPC Contractor ...................................................................................3-1

3.3 Environmental Compliance and Permitting for Plant Operation.........................................3-1

3.4 Mitigation Measures – Operation Phase..............................................................................3-2

3.4.1 Air Quality ...................................................................................................................3-2

3.4.2 Noise ............................................................................................................................3-4

3.4.3 Wastewater Management ............................................................................................3-6

3.4.4 Solid Waste Management ............................................................................................3-7

3.4.5 Non-Hazardous Waste Management ...........................................................................3-7

3.4.6 Hazardous Waste Management ...................................................................................3-9

3.4.7 Hazardous Materials Management ...........................................................................3-11

3.5 Environmental Monitoring and Auditing/VMC ................................................................3-13

4 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE MANAGEMENT....................................................................4-1

4.1 Site Restoration ...................................................................................................................4-1

4.2 Post-closure Monitoring ......................................................................................................4-1

Tables

Table 2-1: Environmental Monitoring and Auditing - Construction Phase.......................................2-17

Table 3-1: Environmental Monitoring for Operation Phase..............................................................3-13



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Figures

Figure 1-1: PC Plant Location .............................................................................................................1-2

Figure 2-1: Tentative Organization Structure for HSEMS for Construction Phase ............................2-1



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Abbreviations and Acronyms

ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable

AOL Aromatics Oman LLC

amsl Above mean sea level

BAT Best Available Technique

CAAQMS Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System

CB&I Chicago Bridge and Iron Co

CH4 Methane

CO Carbon Monoxide

CO2 Carbon dioxide

dB (A) Decibel (A-weighted)

DGCA Directorate General of Climate Affairs

DGEA Directorate General of Environmental Affairs

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EHS Environment, Health and Safety

EPC Engineering Procurement Construction

FEED Front End Engineering Design

g gram

GHG Greenhouse Gases

GLC Ground level concentration

ha hectares

H2S Hydrogen Sulfide

HDPE High density polyethylene

HFC Hydrofluorocarbons

HMR HMR Environmental Engineering Consultants

km kilometer

LLDPE Low Density Polyethylene Plant

m3 Cubic meter

m3/h Cubic meter per hour

MAF Mina Al Fahal

MECA Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs

MEG Mono ethylene glycol

MRMWR Ministry of Regional Municipalities and Water Resources

MTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether

mg milligram

NGL Natural Gas Liquid

NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

NOX Oxides of nitrogen

NOL No Objection Letter

NWI National Well Inventory

O3 Ozone

ODS Ozone Depleting Substances

OPP Oman Polypropylene

ORPC Oman Refineries and Petrochemicals Company LLC

Orpic Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries Company

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration

PC Petrochemical



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PEL Permissible Exposure Limit

PEP Preliminary Environmental Permit

PM Particulate Matter

PM10 Particular Matter less than 10 micron

PMC Project Management Consultancy

PPE Personal Protection Equipment

RD Royal Decree

ROP Royal Oman Police

SEU Sohar Environmental Unit

SF6 Sulfur hexafluoride

SFZ Sohar Free Zone

SIPA Sohar Industrial Port Area/Company

SO2 Sulfur dioxide

STEL Short Term Exposure Limits

STP Sewage Treatment Plant

TEP Tri ethylene Phosphate

TNMHC Total Non-methane hydrocarbon

TPA Tonnes per annum

TPH Tonnes per hour

TWA Time Weighted Average

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant



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1 INTRODUCTION

Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries Company (Orpic) is created from the

integration of three companies - Oman Refineries and Petrochemicals Company LLC

(ORPC), Aromatics Oman LLC (AOL) and Oman Polypropylene (OPP). Orpic currently

operates oil refineries (MAF and Sohar Refinery), aromatics plant and polypropylene plant at

its complex located within the port of Sohar Oman.

Orpic is executing a major project to improvement of existing refinery, referred to as the

Sohar Refinery Improvement Project (SRIP), which involves the installation of a new crude

unit, vacuum unit, hydro-cracking unit, delayed coking unit, isomerization unit, hydrogen

plant and Sulphur recovery facilities. The Liwa Plastic Project (LPP) will be the Orpic’s

latest expansion, and will include a nominal 863 kilo tons per annum ethylene cracking

plant, high density polyethylene (HDPE) plant, linear low density polyethylene plant

(LLDPE), new polypropylene plant, Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) plant, Butene-1

plant and associated utility and offsite facilities.

The LPP petrochemical (PC) plant will be integrated with the Sohar Refinery, Aromatics

Plant and Polypropylene Plant. One of the feedstock is NGLs (C2+) extracted from the

natural gas at Fahud in Central Oman, and transported to the Sohar refinery by pipeline. The

NGL extraction plant and pipeline will be part of the project.

Other feed-stocks are mixed LPG produced in the refinery and aromatics complex, dry gas

produced in the RFCC unit and new delayed coking unit that is included in the SRIP, and

condensate (light naphtha) imported from OLNG by Marine tanker. Some of the materials

produced in the petrochemical complex, including hydrogen, MTBE, pyrolysis fuel oil and

hydro-treated pyrolysis gasoline will be returned to the Sohar Refinery, Aromatics Plant and

existing Polypropylene Plant.

The LPP project has six core components as mentioned below:

A natural gas extraction plant in Fahud;

300km pipeline between Fahud and Sohar Industrial Port Area for NGL;

An 863 kTA Steam Cracker Unit;

HDPE Plant; Petrochemical Complex – SIPA

LLDPE Plant; and

Polypropylene Plant.

Orpic, through a competitive bidding process, has awarded the project management company

(PMC) contract to New Delhi, India-based Engineers India Limited (EIL) and the front end

engineering design (FEED) contract to Chicago Bridge and Iron Co (CB&I) which operates

out of The Hague, Netherlands.

The proposed petrochemical complex will be located within SIPA as shown in .Benefiting

from parallel supply in gas from Fahud and in naphtha from the Sohar refinery, Orpic and



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CB&I has selected a mixed steam cracker to produce ethylene, propylene, by-products and

derivatives. With a capacity of 863 kTA ethylene, this mixed cracker will produce:

300,000 t/y of HDPE;

500,000 t/y of LLDPE;

215,000 t/y of polypropylene;

40,000 t/y of MTBE; and

45,000 t/y of Butane-1.

Figure 1-1: PC Plant Location

As per the categorisation of projects by Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs

(MECA), the proposed project is categorised under Group 1, ‘Industrial Projects’ sub

categorised as ‘Chemical and Petrochemical Project’, requiring the need to conduct an

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study entailing detailed evaluation of the potential

environmental impacts, identification of appropriate control measures to mitigate significant

impacts and a detailed management plan to obtain the Preliminary Environmental Permit

(PEP) to permit the Project to commence the construction process.

Accordingly CB&I has commissioned HMR Environmental Engineering Consultants (HMR)

for undertaking the EIA study for the proposed petrochemical plant in Sohar. Accordingly,

an EIA document was prepared entailing the identification and assessment of impacts to the



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environment during the construction, operation and decommissioning phase of the plant

based on MECA’s ‘Guidelines on Environmental Impact Assessment’ and the guidance note

issued by Sohar Environmental Unit1. In line with the requirements of the guidance note, a

separate document with regard to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the

proposed plant has been developed. This report presents the EMP prepared for the

petrochemical complex in SIPA.

1.1 Environmental Management Plan (EMP)

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study for the proposed project has identified

impacts that are likely to arise during the construction and operation phases of the project.

The study has also examined the extent to which the adverse impacts identified can be

controlled through the adoption of mitigation measures. This EMP is developed as a part of

the EIA study in order to provide guidelines for the construction contractors and Orpic to

ensure environmental compliance as per the Omani regulatory standards thereby mitigate the

environmental impacts rated as medium/high from the construction and operation phases of

the project to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) levels. Accordingly, subsequent

sections describe various mitigation measures to reduce or offset potential environmental and

social impacts emanating from the construction and operation of the petrochemical plant

identified in the EIA study.

The EMP takes into account the existing social and physical infrastructure in and around the

proposed project. It applies Omani legislation, SEU guidelines, Equator Principles and World

Bank International agreements and the requirement of Orpic as a minimum.

The EMP for the construction and operation phases of the project follows the ‘Plan-Do-

Check-Act’ system in line with the ISO 14001 EMS guidelines and includes the organization

structure, resources, responsibilities, control and mitigation measures, monitoring/auditing

programs, systems for review and implementation of corrective actions.

As mentioned in the EIA study, the decommissioning phase, at the end of the project

lifecycle, will be approximately after 25 years. The activities involved will be similar to the

construction phase and is therefore not addressed in detail separately. However, a few

management strategies and approaches with regards to the site restoration to the requirements

of the future land use are provided.

Currently, the Front End Engineering Design (FEED) is being developed for the

petrochemical plant. At this stage of project development, it is not feasible to prepare a

detailed EMP. Therefore, a framework is provided, based on which, detailed EMPs for the

specific activities during later stages can be developed. It is to be noted that the EMP has

been prepared based on the project information available at present. The Engineering

Procurement and Construction (EPC) contractor will be responsible for developing and

implementing the detailed EMPs during the construction phase; while Orpic as the project

1 As the proposed petrochemical complex will be located within the SIPA, the project comes under the direct purview of SEU.



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owner will have the ultimate responsibility and accountability for environmental and social

management during the project lifecycle.



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2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

The duration of construction activities is anticipated to last for approximately 24 months.

About 2,500 construction workers are envisaged during the peak construction period. It is

anticipated that the majority of the construction work would be completed during the hours

of 7:00 am to 6:00 pm, 6 days per week.

2.1 Organisation and Responsibilities

Personnel involved in the management of the PC project will have the responsibility of

ensuring that the provisions of the EMP are adhered to, and that the required monitoring,

auditing and reporting activities are conducted.

The EPC contractor for the project will be selected after finalisation of the project FEED.

The EPC contractor and their subcontractors will be required to establish an organization

structure for environmental management including health and safety issues to ensure

effective implementation of the mitigation measures and to review the environmental

management process. An indicative organization structure is presented in Figure 2-1.

Figure 2-1: Tentative Organization Structure for HSEMS for Construction Phase



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As project developer, Orpic, through its onsite Project Manager (PM), will ensure that the

EPC contractor develops and implements an effective Health, Safety, and Environmental

Management System (HSEMS) for the project construction phase. The HSEMS will comply

with the control measures and environmental management requirements outlined in this EMP

and any additional conditions provided by the regulators. The EPC contractor will be

responsible for ensuring that their subcontractors also establish an HSEMS to effectively

implement the requirements of this EMP. The HSEMS documents will include the objectives

and targets, organization structure, responsibilities, resources, control measures, monitoring

and auditing plans, review systems, provisions for implementing corrective actions for

deviations and training systems.

The EPC contractor’s HSE Manager reporting to the Project Construction Manager will be

responsible for day-to-day HSE management on site. The HSE Manager will maintain

constant interactions with line managers and other staff throughout the construction period.

In addition to its inspection (eg of the workers camps of EPC contractor), subcontractors

audits, monitoring and internal audits, the EPC contractor will assist in regular audits of the

EMS by a MECA approved third party. The EPC contractor will ensure effective

implementation of the control and mitigation measures and implementation of corrective

actions for any deviation.

2.2 Environmental Permitting for Construction

In addition to the Preliminary Environmental Permit (PEP) issued by MECA, there are few

other environmental permits required to be obtained during the construction phase of the

project. The EPC contractor and its sub-contractors will be responsible for obtaining such

permits from MECA and other relevant authorities (SEU, ROP, Municipality, etc). These

permits typically include but are not limited to the following:

Permit for installing onsite sewage treatment plant (STP) or approval for discharging

sewage to municipal STP, as applicable, from MECA and concerned authorities;

Chemicals permit for handling, storage and transportation of hazardous chemicals

from MECA and ROP;

Permits for handling, storage and treatment/disposal of hazardous wastes from

MECA/SEU and ROP;

Permit for handling, storage and disposal of other form of wastes from MECA/SEU

and ROP.

Permit for operating stationary combustion sources from MECA;

Permit for disposal of hydro-test water from MECA;

Permit for import, transportation, usage and storage of radioactive material from

MECA and ROP;



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Permit for use of industrial / laboratory gas cylinders from MECA;

Temporary environmental approval for construction of labour camp & offices from

MECA;

Consent for setting up construction camps from Liwa Municipality as applicable;

NOL from SEU for storage of non-hazardous wastes at Sohar waste collection site;

NOL from SEU for storage of hazardous wastes at Liwa site; and

Work permit and other applicable permits from SIPA.

The HSE Manager of the EPC contractor will be primarily responsible for ensuring

compliance with the permit conditions, obtaining additional approvals as required and

coordinating with the regulatory agencies. The EPC Contractor’s HSE Manager shall be

responsible for total Environmental Compliance during construction stage and shall provide

all data/report/compliance information etc., to the Client’s HSE Team on regular basis for

review and approval.

2.3 Site Security and Safety

The project site will be fenced on all sides and access to the site will be through gates

that will be manned during 7 days a week including holidays by security personnel.

A traffic management control plan will be implemented

No unauthorised pedestrian or vehicular access shall be allowed into fenced, off-limit

areas.

Fencing shall be kept neat at all times. The Contractor shall be responsible for the

maintenance of all fences.

If fencing is removed temporarily for the execution of work, the Contractor shall

reinstate it as soon as practicable. Until re-instatement, the contractor shall demarcate

the working area by surrounding it with danger-tape marking.

Breaches in the fencing must be repaired immediately.

The purpose of the fenced areas is to insure safety and security of construction

personnel within the designated areas, and limit unauthorised access.

The security personnel will carry out regular foot patrols and walkthrough inspections. Every

person at site, including visitors, will be required to report any unsafe conditions. The HSE

Manager or persons designated by him will conduct on a regular basis walkthrough

inspections and will identify any emergency situations, spills, housekeeping and other

environmental and safety related issues.

The access to site will be restricted to employees, authorized sub-contractors and visitors. All

workers at the plant will be provided with an identity badge, as a mark of authorization to



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work on the site. The HSE Manager will co-ordinate with the line managers to ensure that

safe work practices are followed with regard to working at height, confined space entry, use

of adequate PPE, work permit procedures, material handling, use of heavy vehicles etc.

2.4 Site Preparation

As mentioned in the baseline section of the main EIA report, the plant site is devoid of

significant vegetation. Bushes of species viz. Suaeda vermiculata and Salsola imbricata of

Chenopodiaceae family were observed which can tolerate saline soil conditions. Levelling

and grading of the site prior to the civil construction will involve removal of such vegetation.

Care will be taken not to disturb any vegetation existing outside the site fence lines during

the mobilization and demobilization of construction equipment.

Grading and soil compaction will be involved as a part of site preparation. If any dust risings

are expected particularly during the dry weather conditions, water spraying is to be carried

out for dust suppression. During the construction the excavated soil shall be stored at

appropriate locations within the project site. In case excess soil is generated then such soil

will be tested for contamination. The soil, if found uncontaminated, may be used for

backfilling areas wherever possible. The excess soil will be disposed off in Sohar dumpsites

after obtaining NOL from SEU. However, in case if additional soil is required for filling

works, then such material will be sourced from approved borrow pits.

Areas for storage of non-hazardous and hazardous materials and wastes are to be clearly

designated. Suitable display signs are to be installed identifying the type of storage.

Hazardous materials and wastes storage areas are to be provided with dykes, roofs and

impervious flooring (concrete floor or liners depending on the type of material or waste is to

be stored). Record of generation, storage and disposal of the Hazardous materials are to be

maintained by EPC contractor.

Internal roads are to be prepared and graded in order to reduce the quantity of dust that could

be potentially generated during vehicle movement. All the construction equipments and

machineries used will be of standard design and in good operating conditions so as to achieve

good fuel efficiency thereby reducing emissions.

2.5 Labour Camps

The peak number of people expected onsite during the construction period will be 1,500.

Accommodation for the workforce will be either established in labour camps set-up for EPC.

A new labour camp will be set-up outside the SIPA. For setting up the labour camp, the EPC

contractor will have to liaise with local municipality. The site will be selected in compliance

with the Omani town-planning and building restriction and based on the other site selection

criteria listed in Chapter 3 of the EIA report. Established accommodation within Sohar/Liwa

area may also be considered for accommodating the construction crew.



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Labour camps will be in accordance with industry norms and regulatory requirements, and

will be well maintained throughout the construction period. The camp-bosses will be

required to strictly comply with the requirements of Omani regulations; and handle the

treatment and disposal of domestic wastes and sewage / sanitary wastewater generated from

the camps as per the applicable MDs, i.e., MD 17/93 and MD 421/98. Diesel generators

(DGs) may be used for power supply to the camps. The noise from the DGs should be

controlled in order to comply with the requirements of MD 79/94. Necessary permits should

be applied for and obtained. The camp-bosses will be required to implement a good health

and hygiene management program, consisting of the following:

Proper sanitation and drainage facilities;

Routine pest control measures such as spraying of insecticides and pesticides;

Regular waste collection and proper storage and handling;

Regular health check-up of the workers (as required by Labour Law); and

Good housekeeping practices.

2.6 Sourcing of Construction Materials and Utilities

Rocks and aggregates for foundation and concrete works will be obtained from quarries

through licensed and registered sub-contractors. It is to be ensured that the sub-contractors

maintain necessary permits from concerned regulatory authorities for operations at the quarry

sites. The copies of such permits are to be maintained at site and presented to the Ministry

whenever required.

Power for the construction phase of the facility will be sourced from either existing grid or

from DG set of 450kVA. Freshwater required for construction and domestic use at site will

be most likely sourced from approved local contractors through tanker supply or will be

sourced from Majis. Groundwater will not be extracted. Efforts will be made to minimize

water consumption and maximise reuse through conservation measures. Using treated

wastewater for spraying purposes for dust suppression will be considered.

Civil construction and internal road works will require cements and bitumen and the EPC

contractor will either establish batching plants or explore the possibility of importing ready

mix cements for civil and road works.

2.7 Mitigation Measures

Construction activities potentially impact the environmental and social baseline of the area.

The various environmental impacts due to the construction activity has already been

identified in the EIA report and assessed in terms of their magnitude and significance. The

EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts and to introduce

standards and good practice to be adopted throughout the project works. The EMP lists all



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the requirements to ensure effective mitigation using mitigation measures for every potential

biophysical and socio-economic impact identified in the EIA.

Mitigation measures for management of the environmental releases and storage and handling

of hazardous materials are discussed in the following sections. The mitigation measures are

categorized as follows:

Mitigation measures by Planning;

Mitigation measures by control at worksite; and

Mitigation measures by Monitoring/Auditing and Verification and Measurement

Campaign (VMC).

Following components are addressed in this mitigation measure for the construction phase:

Air Quality;

Noise;

Wastewater Management;

Non-Hazardous Solid Waste Management;

Hazardous Waste Management;

Social Management

2.7.1 Air Quality

The sources of emission during construction phases and their impacts on ambient air quality

are as presented in Section 5.1.1 and 8.3.3 of the EIA report. As mentioned in the EIA report

it is envisaged that, a single 450 KVA Diesel Generator (DG) set will be installed on site for

the power requirements during the initial stages of construction. Thereafter, it is expected

that the construction contractor will draw power from the Majan main supply. The various

mitigation measures for minimising impacts on ambient air quality are as follows:

i Planning

Standard construction equipment, DGs (with adequate stack) and vehicles shall be used to

ensure that the release of air pollutants is minimized;

Provide stacks or flue pipes on DG sets so that the combustion gasses from the generators are

emitted at least 3 m above the ground level;

Adequately sized construction yard and laydown areas to be provided for storage of

construction materials, equipments, machineries etc;

Onsite fuel storage tank, if any, to be designed in such a way to meet applicable regulations

and as per respective material safety data sheet (MSDS). Fuel storage tanks to be designed

with submerged loading facilities as feasible to minimise fugitive emissions; and



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Dedicated areas and facilities shall be planned and allocated for fabrication, surface coating,

etc. such as enclosed fabrication areas, painting/coating booths, etc., with facilities for dust

and fumes control.

ii Controls at Work Site

Periodic maintenance such as engine tuning, lubrication, filter cleaning / replacement, oil

changes, replacement of required spares etc., of DG units, air compressors and other

construction equipment to be conducted so as to reduce emissions and maintain efficiencies;

Controlling works poor weather ( dusty , windy , foggy or heavy rain)

Use water sprays for dust suppression over internal access roadways and work areas. The

water application rates to be specific to atmospheric conditions and the intensity of

construction operations. Water spraying is to be done at least once a day and the water

application quantity should depend on considerations that the surface is completely wetted

and that there is no water puddles formed;

Stock piles to be periodically wetted at least once a day using treated wastewater to minimize

dust;

Stock piles to be wetted using treated wastewater before loading and unloading the materials

to minimize dust;

Minimise the height of dropped material into truck and restrict the drop height to not more

than 1m during loading and unloading, to minimise wind-blown dust emissions and spillages;

Street sweeping to be conducted regularly to remove material being transferred onto the

public road;

Avoid or minimise dust generating activities (particularly cutting and excavating) during dry

and windy conditions. Temporarily suspend dust generating construction works when

instantaneous gust wind speeds exceed 25 knots (or 12 m/s).

Cover the vehicles transporting material to and from the site immediately after loading to

prevent wind-blown dust emissions and spillages;

Vehicle speed shall be controlled onsite to minimise dust emissions, proper road sign boards

must be installed to increase onsite traffic awareness;

Spoil dumps shall be positioned such that they are not vulnerable to wind erosion;

Fabrication activities such as welding, gas cutting, grit blasting and surface coating/painting

to be done in a designated area/coating booths;

Provide appropriate PPE like face / nose masks, eye protectors, ear plugs and the likes to the

workers according to their work or the place of work; and

Construction staffs to be trained as appropriate in order to follow suitable measures to

minimise emissions.



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iii Monitoring and Reporting

Ensure proper usage of appropriately issued PPE by all workers on site;

If at the working site excess fugitive dust is observed, work shall be stopped until the cause is

being investigated and suppression measures are implemented;

If any vehicle emitting excessive visible impurities for more than 10 seconds the vehicle shall

be stopped from entering the site;

Periodic monitoring of emissions for critical pollutants such as CO, NOx, SO2, UHC and

PM10 are to be conducted at emission sources as appropriate;

Periodic monitoring of ambient air quality to be conducted for critical pollutants at various

locations around the construction site;

The report of the aforementioned monitoring/audits shall be submitted to MECA/SEU, as

required, providing status of compliance with applicable regulations;

Records of inspections and resulting corrective actions shall be maintained;

All justifiable dust and emission complaints shall be recorded in the complaint register by the

EPC Contractor’s HSE Manager;

Significant air quality performance information to be reported to the SEU/MECA in

accordance with the regulatory requirements;

Periodic audits/VMC to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and

results of audits/VMC to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken; and

Orpic shall periodically review options for the reduction of GHG emissions. Frequent review

required when major modifications to plant or emissions occur, or available technology

changes. Facilities would be reviewed using the industry Best Available Techniques (BAT)

standards for Environmental Protection and associated guidance.

2.7.2 Noise

The following mitigation measures are presented for minimising/preventing excessive noise

generation and emissions during construction activities.

i Planning

Major construction equipment used at site shall be planned in such a way as to maintain

source noise levels less than 85 dB (A); and

Logistics shall be planned to reduce vehicle movements in the vicinity of settlements during

night times.


Ensure that the equipment used is provided with suitable noise control systems and source

noise levels conform to international standards;



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Construction equipment to be oriented away from sensitive receptors, as feasible;

Noise attenuation such as shrouding, insulation and vibration dampers shall be used as

appropriate for high noise generating equipment, where such attenuators do not hamper

construction activities;

Continuous noise emitting sources such as compressors and diesel generator units should be

installed in enclosed rooms;

Sign boards shall be displayed at places where noise levels exceed the stipulated

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards of 85 dB (A) for 8 hours

operation;

Workers exposed to noise levels above 85 dB (A) to be provided with adequate ear protection

devices;

High noise activities to be scheduled in such a way so as to minimise such activities during

night times;

Periodic maintenance such as engine tuning, lubrication, filter cleaning / replacement, oil

changes, replacement of required spares etc., of noise generating equipment such as DG units,

air compressors and other construction equipment to be conducted so as to optimize the

equipment noise levels;

Simultaneous operation of multiple high noise sources shall be minimized to reduce

cumulative noise level impacts;

Equipment and vehicles that may be in use only intermittently to be shut down during idling

periods or throttled down to a minimum; and

Vehicles shall have working noise mufflers attached.

iii Monitoring

Periodic audits/VMC are to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures

and results of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken; and

Periodic monitoring of workplace and ambient noise levels are to be conducted to assess

compliance with applicable standards. The results of such monitoring shall be submitted to

MECA/SEU to establish compliance with applicable regulations.

2.7.3 Wastewater Management

The objective of wastewater management plan (construction and operational phases) is to

minimize the waste water generation, maximizing the reuse of wastewater and proper

treatment and final disposal of the wastewater generated during the construction phase of the

proposed project

The various impacts to soil and groundwater quality from liquid wastes are identified and

specifically rated in Section 5.1.2 and 8.3.6 respectively. It is to be noted that impacts to



March 2015 2-10

existing soil and groundwater quality are likely during collection, handling, storage and

disposal of wastewaters and contaminated run-offs, etc. The mitigation measures to minimise

potential impacts to ALARP are presented in this section.

i Planning

EPC contractor to establish facilities to segregate wastewater streams according to

characteristics, as presented in Table 5-5 and route it to adequately sized holding tanks and/or

transport it to off-site treatment plants for treatment and disposal (Majis);

Collection systems, holding tanks and onsite STP are to be provided (as the number of people

will exceed 150 during the construction period) for proper collection and treatment of

domestic wastewater as per requirements contained in RD 115/2001 and MD 421/98;

Applicable permit shall be obtained from MECA for storage, handling and transportation of

hazardous liquid wastes;

Suitable storage area (adequately designed to protect from rains and to prevent any run offs)

with impervious flooring, bunds, covers/roof and spill collection facilities as appropriate shall

be established for collection and segregated storage of hazardous liquid wastes;

The containers holding the waste materials to be properly labelled indicating the material,

hazardous nature, etc.

Facilities to be provided at the site to segregate the storm water run-offs from contaminated

areas; and

Appropriate spill control measures and handling procedures to be provided close to holding

tanks, laydown areas, storage areas etc.


Construction equipment and vehicle washing to be carried out in designated areas provided

with wash water collection system. Alternatively, equipment and vehicle washing to be

carried out at off-site locations where adequate facilities are available; The wash-water

collection system shall typically include settling tanks for separation of suspended solids and

O&G. The floating O&G is to be removed using skimmers or soaking pads and collected in

drums. The water after settling is to be routed to the on-site/off-site STP for treatment, as

applicable;

Sewage generated on-site to be collected through underground pipes into holding tanks, from

where the sewage to be routed to the onsite STP for treatment and disposal;

The hydro-test water is to be collected in the lined pond or a suitably sized tank, and the

water is to be tested for any contaminants. If the collected hydro-test water is found not to be

contaminated, and further if the water quality conforms to land discharge standards (standards

as per RD 115/2001), then the water can be used for land discharge purposes i.e. for dust

suppression. Hydro-testing water if discharged on a land shall be discharged in such a way as



March 2015 2-11

to prevent runoff into any drainage or watercourse, erosion. However, if the water is found

contaminated then it is to be evaporated in the pond, else it is to be stored and treated later in

the WWTU after the plant is operational;

Suitable PPE shall be used by workers handling hazardous wastewater streams;

Accidental spillages of hazardous waste streams shall be remediated immediately to minimise

soil and groundwater contamination; and

Waste consignment notes shall be prepared and documented for transportation of wastewater

(sanitary and other wastewater), if any, to offsite treatment facility.

The empty containers (containing hazardous substances) are to be washed and

decontaminated properly before disposal. The water used for such activities to be collected

separately.

iii Monitoring

The quantities of wastewater generated and transported for disposal/treatment to be recorded

and monitored;

If wastewater is treated at site, the treated wastewater shall be periodically analysed for

relevant parameters in order to assess compliance with discharge standards provided in RD

115/2001. The results of such analysis to be submitted to the Ministry as required; and

Periodic audits/VMC to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures. The

audit findings shall be reviewed and corrective actions taken for any deviations.

2.7.4 Non - Hazardous Solid Waste Management

The objective of non-hazardous solid waste management plan is to ensure that the waste

generated during the construction phase of the PC is minimised or avoided by incorporating

waste minimization concepts and standard operating procedures (i.e. safely treating and

disposing of non-reusable and non-recyclable waste). During the construction phase, the

project activities will generate both non-hazardous and hazardous solid wastes. The

following mitigation measures are for minimizing impacts from storage and handling of non-

hazardous solid wastes during construction activities.

i Planning

Waste management plan to be prepared to address proper collection, segregated storage /

recycle and of non-hazardous wastes at approved wastes disposal sites;


and collection skips shall be provided for solid wastes for segregated collection of wastes.

The sizing of such areas and skips to be in accordance with the expected waste quantities and

the frequency of disposal. The waste skips/containers holding the waste material to be

suitably labelled for easy identification of material contained in it;



March 2015 2-12

Careful planning shall be employed for ordering the materials and disposal of the wastes

generated so as to ensure minimal wastes at all times; and

Applicable approvals/NOL will be obtained from the Municipality/SEU in order to dispose

solid wastes at Sohar waste site.


Excavated soil to be stockpiled at an appropriate location at site. Adequate enclosures and

curbs to be provided to avoid blowing away by wind and run off with storm water. The soil is

to be reused for backfilling and grading as feasible. Any excess soil are to be disposed off at

Sohar waste site;

Concrete waste, other construction wastes, domestic refuse, etc., from construction activities

to be collected, segregated and disposed off to Sohar waste site;

Metal scrap, wood scrap, empty containers of non-hazardous materials, packing materials,

etc., will be collected, segregated and recycled to scrap dealers as feasible and the non-

recyclable waste to be disposed off to approved dumpsite;

Non-hazardous wastes shall not be mixed with hazardous wastes at any time. Non-hazardous

wastes suspected to be contaminated with hazardous wastes shall be treated as ‘hazardous

wastes’ and disposed of accordingly; and

Waste consignment notes shall be prepared and documented for transporting wastes from the

site identifying the type of waste, quantity, disposal site, etc. The delivery receipts obtained

from municipal dumpsites shall be documented.

iii Monitoring

The quantities of various categories of wastes generated, stored and transported for offsite

disposal will be recorded and monitored; and

Periodic audits will be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and

results of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken for deviations.

2.7.5 Hazardous Waste Management

The following mitigation measures (construction and operational phases) are for minimizing

impacts from storage and handling of hazardous solid wastes during construction activities.

i Planning

Hazardous Waste Management plan (including medical waste) to be prepared to address

proper collection, segregated storage / recycle of hazardous wastes;


with impervious flooring, bunds, roof and spill collection facilities as appropriate, collection

skips shall be provided for collection and segregated storage. The sizing of such areas and



March 2015 2-13

skips should be in accordance with the expected waste quantities and frequency of

recycling/disposal. The waste skips/containers holding the waste material to be properly

labelled indicating the material, hazardous nature, etc.; and

Applicable permit will be obtained from MECA/SEU for storage and handling of hazardous

wastes;

NOL should be obtained from SEU for disposal of the hazardous solid wastes at the Liwa

site.


Contaminated soil, if any, generated due to accidental spills shall be stored in a bunded and

sheltered area with impervious flooring to minimise blowing away by wind, run off with

storm water and infiltration;

Hazardous material inventory shall be prepared for the construction phase of the proposed

plant;

MSDS for all the hazardous material to be available at the site and at the point of the storage

of the concerned material;

All other solid hazardous wastes such as waste chemicals, empty containers of hazardous

materials, waste batteries, etc., are to be properly collected, segregated and stored in enclosed

and secluded area in compliance with requirements of MD 18/93 and respective MSDS;

Hazardous wastes will not be mixed with non-hazardous wastes at any time. Non-hazardous

wastes suspected to be contaminated with hazardous wastes are to be treated as hazardous

wastes;

Opportunities for recycle/reuse to be considered for all wastes, as feasible. Potential for

returning to the suppliers will be explored for wastes such as unused chemicals, empty

containers of hazardous materials, etc;

As there are no centralized hazardous waste management facilities that are currently

operating in Oman, non-recyclable hazardous wastes will be stored on site and subsequently

transferred to Liwa hazardous waste storage area after completion of the project construction;

Suitable PPE will be used by workers handling hazardous wastes; and

Waste consignment notes to be prepared and documented for transporting wastes from the

site identifying the type of waste, hazardous nature, quantity, disposal/recycle location, etc.

Only approved transporters to be used for transportation of hazardous waste materials.

iii Monitoring

Quantities of hazardous wastes generated, stored and transported for recycle/offsite storage

shall be recorded and monitored; and



March 2015 2-14

Periodic audits shall be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and


2.7.6 Hazardous Materials Management

The following mitigation measures are presented for minimizing impacts from storage and

handling of hazardous materials during construction activities.

i Planning

Permits will be obtained from MECA (as per MD 248/97) and ROP for storage, handling and

transportation of chemicals and fuels to be used at construction site;

Enclosed and secluded storage area (adequately designed to protect from rains and to prevent

any run offs) with impervious flooring, bunds, covers/roof and with spill collection and safety

facilities will be provided (as per requirements of MD 25/2009) for storage of hazardous

materials such as lube oils, toxic and flammable chemicals, cleaning solvents, paints, fuels,

etc., according to applicable regulations and MSDS;

Properly lined areas with spill collection facilities to be provided for loading/unloading of

hazardous materials;

Roofed and ventilated area with adequate safety protection shall be provided for storage of

gas cylinders; and

Onsite and offsite emergency response plans to be established for handling any potential

emergency situations due to accidental release of hazardous materials.

ii Controls at Site Work

All hazardous materials are to be stored and handled at designated storage areas as mentioned

above in compliance applicable regulations (MD 25/2009) and MSDS;

The storage areas and vessels/containers shall be properly labelled indicating the material,

hazardous nature, quantity, safety measures to be followed, etc. Appropriate MSDS

information will be displayed at areas of storage and use;

Appropriate handling methods and facilities shall be established for hazardous materials. Any

spills/leaks should be immediately remediated to minimise contamination of soil and

groundwater;

Opportunities for recycle / reuse of all wastes to be considered, as feasible. Potential for

returning wastes such as unused chemicals, cleaning solvents, paints, etc. to the suppliers to

be explored. Waste oil to be recycled to approved recyclers;

Any radioactive sources stored on site to be kept in secured and designated areas under the

custody of authorized personnel.

Relevant permits from MECA to be obtained for storage and use of radioactive sources;



March 2015 2-15

Personnel handling hazardous materials to be provided with appropriate training on the

hazardous nature of the materials, methods for handling and storage, exposure controls

required, emergency procedures, etc. Appropriate PPE will be used by personnel handling

hazardous materials; and

Waste consignment note to be prepared and documented for transporting waste from the site

identifying the type of waste, hazardous nature, quantity, disposal/recycle location etc.

Approved transporters licensed with MECA shall be used for transportation of hazardous

materials.

iii Monitoring

Periodic audits to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and results

of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken for deviations.

Inventory of the hazardous materials including the type of material, hazardous nature,

quantity stored and consumed, etc., has to be prepared and documented; and

EPC Contractor will document all the relevant chemical permits and will be made available

to MECA for inspections as required.

2.7.7 Social Management

The following mitigation measures are presented for minimizing impacts from the various

construction activities to local/ nearby communities and workers. It is to be noted that the

proposed construction site is located within a designated free zone with access strictly limited

and restricted to construction employees;

i Planning

Site HSE plans shall be prepared and followed;

Prepare a traffic management plan;

Proper signage to be installed. Information pertaining to construction activities shall be

displayed;

Local population should be made aware of the construction works, as appropriate;

Fire extinguishers and fire safety measures should be made available throughout the work

site;

Basic health and medical facilities shall be provided to the construction workers ;

Training and awareness programs shall be given to the construction workers;

Emergency response plan to be prepared covering accidental releases, and fire and explosion

events; and

Appropriate PPE shall be given to the construction workers.



March 2015 2-16

ii Control Measures

Importance shall be given on the usage of PPEs, hygienic conditions at construction sites and

camp accommodation;

First aid to be made available at project site;

Staff working at the site will be made aware of emergency response procedures;

The working hours are to be confined to daytime only. No night work will be carried out

unless an emergency warrants;

Approved transporters will be used for transportation of hazardous materials and heavy

equipment / goods;

Continuous noise emitting sources such as compressors and diesel generator units should be

installed in enclosed rooms; and

The vehicles will be properly serviced and maintained in order to ensure safe travel. Further,

first aid kits are to be provided in all the vehicles.

iii Monitoring

Periodic safety audits to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and


Vehicle logs to be maintained, monitoring the movement and distance travelled by the

vehicles; and

Journey management plan copies to be documented and monitored.

2.7.8 Environmental Auditing/Verification Monitoring Campaign

The HSEMS of Orpic and the EPC contractors will include systems for scheduling,

organizing and conducting periodic audits/VMC of the HSEMS implementation during the

construction phase. The audits are to be scheduled in such a way as to cover all significant

activities of the construction in order to assess the implementation of control measures

proposed in this EMP, including environmental monitoring programs and in turn to assess

compliance with applicable environmental regulations.

2.7.9 Review and Implementation of Corrective Actions

The findings and recommendations of periodic audits and related monitoring along with

recommendations for corrective actions and improvements are to be periodically reviewed by

EPC contractor/Orpic. Adequate resources are to be provided by Orpic/EPC contractor and

sub-contractors for implementation of such recommendations and corrective actions for

improving the effectiveness of the HSEMS.



March 2015 2-17

2.7.10 Environmental Monitoring/VMC Program

Environmental monitoring is a tool to assess the activity based environmental performance

and to provide guidance for better environmental practices. Periodic environmental audits

help in assessing the effectiveness of implementation of the management plans and permit

conditions.

Environmental monitoring recommended for the various environmental components (as

highlighted in the above sections) for the entire construction phase are reiterated in Table

2-1. The monitoring data will be compiled and documented. The reports of such

audits/monitoring will be provided to MECA/SEU as required. Corrective actions are to be

implemented for any deviations from compliance requirements.

Table 2-1: Environmental Monitoring and Auditing - Construction Phase

AspectsScope of

Monitoring/Auditing/VMCMethod

Frequency of Monitoring/Auditing

InternalRegulatory

(SEU/MECA)

Air Quality

PM10 concentrations at various locations within and around construction site

Using portable dust analyser

Monthly Quarterly

CO, NOx, SOx emission from DG units, vehicle exhaust

Portable exhaust / stack gas analyser

Monthly Quarterly

NOX, SO2, VOC concentrations at various locations in and around the construction site and nearby receptors

Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Station (CAAQMS) or deploying diffusion tubes

Quarterly Quarterly

Noise LevelsSound pressure levels at several locations within work sites and at fence line

Using handheld sound pressure level meter

Monthly Quarterly

Soil QualityPhysico-chemical & TPH Intrusive sampling

and laboratory analysis

Once during site restoration of temporary facilities

SewageQuantity of raw sewage disposed from work sites

Volume calculated based on tanker capacity. Waste consignment note issued for each transfer

For every consignment

-

WastesQuantity of each category of waste disposed from work sites

Volume / weight calculated based on tanker capacity

Monthly report logging

-

Accidental SpillsInspection of storage and handling areas

Report the quantities by measurement or reliable estimates.

Monitoring on every incident.

Immediate reporting where it will impact human environment.

Health and Safety

Hygiene, use of PPE, first aid kit, site HSE procedures

Monthly report logging and Quarterly audit

-

Environmental Implementation of the EMP Site inspection, Quarterly audit



March 2015 2-18

AspectsScope of

Monitoring/Auditing/VMCMethod

Frequency of Monitoring/Auditing

InternalRegulatory

(SEU/MECA)auditing and HSEMS, control

measures, waste (hazardous and non-hazardous solid and liquid), hazardous materials management, emergency response measures, applicable permits and status of compliance to the permit requirements, etc.

interviews with concerned EPC contractor personnel and review of documents and records

and reporting



March 2015 3-1

3 OPERATION PHASE MANAGEMENT PLAN

3.1 Organisation and Responsibility

The organization structure for HSE management will be developed at a later stage of project

development by Orpic. The project manager (PM) will be responsible for the implementation

and effective management of the HSEMS. The HSE manager will be responsible for the

routine plant HSE management and for coordination of HSE functions within the line

functions. All line managers will be required to implement and ensure compliance with HSE

requirements within their functional areas. The HSE manager, with assistance from an

external consultant if required, will be responsible for developing facility wide plans for

monitoring and improving HSE performance.

3.2 Site Handover from EPC Contractor

After completion of construction activities and as the plant is ready for start-up and

commissioning, the relevant permits, documents and records will be transferred to Orpic’s

HSE team by the EPC contractor. It will be the responsibility of Orpic’s HSE department to

take over the HSE requirements and incorporate the same into the company’s management

system for the operation phase

3.3 Environmental Compliance and Permitting for Plant Operation

The project will be required to comply with the applicable environmental laws and

regulations applicable to industrial projects in Oman. Orpic will be responsible for obtaining

the requisite permits for the operation phase of the facility from MECA and other relevant

authorities (EPC contractor is responsible to prepare all documents and forms of permit

applications). These permits primarily include and are not limited to the following:

Final Environmental Permit (FEP) for the operation of the PC plant and associated facilities within SIPA;

Permit to operate stationary point sources within the plant;

Wastewater discharge permit, if any;

Hazardous waste permit; and

Chemicals permit.

Any planned changes from the normal operating conditions of the facility that may

potentially lead to significant increase in various environmental releases for a considerable

duration is to be communicated to the Ministry along with predicted quantification of

changes.



March 2015 3-2

3.4 Mitigation Measures – Operation Phase

The mitigation measures for the operation phase are categorised into the following

components.

Mitigation measures by design;

Mitigation measures by Operation and Maintenance (O&M) control; and

Mitigation measures by Monitoring.

The mitigation measures for the identified impacts as discussed in the EIA report are

discussed in subsequent sections.

3.4.1 Air Quality

The following relevant mitigation measures are to be implemented to minimize emissions and

fugitive emissions from operation of the proposed project with respect to VOC, dust, fumes

etc which may have adverse impact on air quality.

i Design

NOx reduction measures such as Dry Low NOX Burners (DLN) burners, steam injection or

water injection to be provided for the heaters and steam boilers for reduction of NOX

emissions;

Adequate stack heights to be provided to comply with MD 118/2004 and good engineering

practices for stationary point sources shall be followed to ensure effective dispersion of the

pollutants;

Continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS) to be installed at the stack for critical

pollutants such as NOx, CO, SO2, PM, and UHC;

Adequate sampling ports, platforms and facilities required for flue gas sampling should be

provided on all the stacks;

Routine inspections of the incinerator and associated facilities will be conducted by qualified

individual prior to every use of the incinerator;

Ensure that the incinerator is designed and operated in a manner to prevent the occurrence of

a nuisance or potential health hazard;

Inspecting all fuel lines, fuel storage facilities and secondary containment of the incinerators

for leaks and check connections;

Sufficient air pollution control equipment viz bag filters, stack of adequate height shall be

provided to control emissions;

A suitable leak and gas detection system to be provided to enable immediate response to

accidental releases of flammable and toxic gases / vapours. Detection of gases in excess of



March 2015 3-3

acceptable levels by the gas detectors can be followed by fault repair/ maintenance

programmes;

Orpic shall, where appropriate and feasible, install solar energy powered devices/equipment

to power control equipment in remote locations and street lighting;

The design of the bulk storage tanks for liquid materials and fuel to consider the requirements

for controls such as submerged loading facilities, conservation vents, floating roofs, etc., in

order to reduce fugitive emissions;

To control fugitive emissions of VOCs, following steps should be taken :

o Provision of internal floating roof tanks with flexible double seal for storage tanks;

o Provision of mechanical seals in pumps handling hydrocarbons;

o Regular inspection of floating roof seals and proper maintenance of floating roof seals for

tanks;

o Preventive maintenance of valves and other equipments;

o Fugitive emissions monitoring at regular intervals;

o Strengthening/Maintaining existing greenbelt;

o Implementation of Leak Detection and Repair (LDAR) programme

A comprehensive register of ODS substances to be developed during EPC stage. Orpic to

specify to prospective equipment suppliers that ODSs are to be avoided if possible in all

products provided to the project. These specifications will be made a part of purchase

contracts and product specifications prior to purchase. All contracts to require that CFCs and

HCFCs not be used as refrigerants.

ii O & M Control

Periodic maintenance and regularly service the equipments/units so that emissions remain

within relevant air quality standards;

Periodic inspection, maintenance and calibration of the CEMs to be carried out in order to

ensure accurate measurements of pollutant concentrations;

The operating parameters critical to ensuring efficient combustion such as air to fuel ratio,

temperature, etc., of boilers, heaters are to be constantly monitored in order to ensure efficient

operation and to reduce emission levels of pollutants;

Periodic inspection, integrity checks and maintenance of major piping, equipment, fittings

such as valves, flanges, etc., storage tanks (seals, tank shell and roof) and vapour recovery

systems are to be scheduled and conducted to ensure reliability and to minimise leaks and

fugitive emissions;

Ozone depleting substances prohibited under MD 243/2005 shall not be used;



March 2015 3-4

Equipment / Vehicles idling time will be minimized by adequate planning of activities;

Ensure proper usage of appropriately issued PPE by all workers on site;

Idling of vehicles should also be minimized during transport and handling activities;

Loading/unloading and storage areas should be paved to reduce dust emissions; and

The vehicle transporting raw materials and products should be sheeted or otherwise totally

enclosed after loading and before leaving the site.

iii Monitoring

Periodic monitoring of emissions using portable stack monitoring instrument to be conducted

at all major stacks in order to validate the monitoring data from CEMs. Such monitoring data

to be compared with applicable standards and reported to MECA as required. The frequency

and method of such monitoring will be determined in consent with MECA;

Monitoring of fugitive emissions (using portable instruments) from pipes, equipment, fittings,

flanges, etc., handling hazardous / toxic materials is to be conducted periodically, which is to

be followed by appropriate repair programmes to eliminate such emissions;

Significant air quality performance information to be reported to the MECA in accordance

with the regulatory requirements; and


of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken for any deviations.

3.4.2 Noise

The mitigation measures to minimise impacts from noise due to the operation of the plant

facilities are presented below.

i Design

The major areas of concern for noise generation shall be adequately addressed by considering

it during procurement of the machinery/equipment from vendors at project implementation

stage. Further feedback from the monitored noise levels at sensitive locations will be taken to

ensure that the impact due to high noise levels is practically minimized;

The source noise levels of all noise generating plant equipment to be maintained at <85 dB

(A) by design to the extent possible;

Design suitable noise absorbing enclosures for the high noise generating units etc. where it

does not affect access and maintenance;

Sound proofing/ glass panelling should be provided at critical operating stations/ control

rooms; and

As appropriate, noise barriers / attenuation to be employed to ensure that the maximum noise

level at 1 m distance from a single source will not exceed 85 dB(A).



March 2015 3-5

ii O & M Control

Ensure that the equipment used is provided with suitable noise control systems and source

noise levels conform to international standards;

Periodic inspection of noise generating equipment to be carried out to assess equipment

conditions and operating practices and corrective measures to be implemented for any

deviations from recommended conditions or operating practices;

Stabilized and smooth operation of noise generating equipment to be ensured;

Periodic maintenance such as tuning, lubrication, oil changes, alignment and balancing of

rotating parts, replacement of spares, etc., to be carried out for noise generating plant

equipment in order to minimise noise levels;

Areas with noise levels above 85 dB (A) are to be designated and sign boards to be displayed

indicating high noise areas. Entry to such areas to be restricted;

Provide PPE (ear plugs or ear muffs) to all workers operating in the vicinity of high noise

generating machines;

Minimize noise level from vehicles by reducing speed limits and by using well maintained

vehicles; and

Vehicles shall have working noise mufflers attached.

iii Monitoring

Periodic monitoring of work place and ambient noise levels will be conducted to assess

compliance with applicable standards. Such monitoring will be required as there can be

variations in the noise levels of equipment due to wear and tear, changes in alignments,

damage of rotating components, change in operating practices, etc. The results of monitoring

will be compared with applicable standards and reported to the Ministry as required;

Noise exposure surveys to be conducted to assess personnel exposure levels. Such survey to

be repeated when there is a change in work locations, work patterns, addition or deletion of

equipment, etc;


of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken for any deviations;

Periodic monitoring of workplace and ambient noise levels to be conducted to assess

compliance with applicable standards. The noise monitoring results to be submitted to MECA

to establish compliance with applicable regulations; and

All complaints/non-conformance to be documented in a complaints register, investigated and

reported to the HSE Manager.



March 2015 3-6

3.4.3 Wastewater Management

The objective of wastewater management plan is to minimize the waste water generation,

maximizing the reuse of wastewater and proper treatment and final disposal of the

wastewater generated during the operation phase of the proposed project. The following are

the mitigation measures suggested to minimise impacts from wastewater due to the operation

of the plant.

i Design

Waste water management plan to address proper collection, segregated storage/ recycle of

liquid hazardous wastes based on the expected characteristics and volumes;

The detailed record of raw water intake at PC plant (for processes, CT makeup, fire water,

green belt development and sanitary and drinking purpose) and wastewater generation from

different sources shall be maintained on daily/ regular basis w.r.t. flow rates and

characteristics. These details would be useful in preparing comprehensive water balance with

micro-level details at project site and also for identification and implementation of

reuse/recycle practice of treated effluent at project site leading to minimization of effluent

discharges; and

Appropriate facilities to be provided for collection, storage and routing the wastewater

streams to the onsite WWTU and facilities are to be provided, as applicable.

ii O & M Control

Sewage and grey wastewater (wastewater from laundry, kitchen washings, and showers) shall

be directed to the holding tank via pipeline networks and routed to the sewage network

operated by Majis for further treatment;

The sewage pipeline will be properly maintained in order to reduce odour emissions from

pipelines;

All run-offs from the process area and storage area are to be routed to onsite WWTP for

treatment;

No waste water shall be discharged outside the premises and zero discharge shall be ensured;

Suitable PPE to be used by workers handling wastewater streams; and

The various effluent sewers to be periodically cleaned and inspected for integrity in order to

ensure effective transport of effluents and preventing overflows and leakages and infiltration.

iii Monitoring

Activity based water requirement plan will be prepared, identifying potential opportunities for

minimizing water consumption and thereby wastewater generation. Actual consumption of

water will be monitored and recorded on a monthly basis;



March 2015 3-7

Water consumption per ton of the finished product to be benchmarked for effective use and

monitoring.

The process waste water to be checked regularly for specified parameters for possible

incursion of hydrocarbons because of leakages/overflow etc.

The rain water and fire water collected in Pits are to be checked for possible contamination

before transfer.

The treated water from the onsite WWTP is to be periodically analyzed for relevant

parameters in order to assess compliance with standards set by Majis Industrial Services; and


of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken.

3.4.4 Solid Waste Management

Waste generated from the operations phase can be classified as

Hazardous Waste; and

Non-Hazardous Waste.

Proper management of waste begins with adopting a waste minimization strategy which

include source reduction, reuse, recycle and recovery wherever possible. Source reduction

aims at less waste generation through more efficient practices. Reuse intends to make use of

the waste materials in their original form. Recycling and recovery include the conversion of

wastes into usable materials and/or the extraction of energy or materials from waste.

3.4.5 Non-Hazardous Waste Management

Orpic recognizes the following wastes expected to be generated at the PC project site during

the operation phase and are classified as Non-hazardous waste

Domestic waste, for e.g. Kitchen/food wastes, plastic wastes etc.

Non-hazardous waste chemicals and empty drums/barrels.

Non-hazardous waste finished and intermediate products.

Scrap Polymer;

Spent bag filter;

Office waste e.g. Paper waste

Other scrap material e.g. Iron scrap, electrical cable, tyres, wood and paper.

To dispose the non-hazardous waste Orpic and the agency involved in collection,

transportation and disposal to municipal landfill site shall have prior approval from the local

municipality. The following are the mitigation measures suggested to minimise impacts from

non-hazardous waste due to the operation of the plant.



March 2015 3-8

i Design

Waste management plan to be prepared to address proper collection, segregated storage and

recycle/disposal of wastes at approved/Sohar waste disposal sites;

Non hazardous process wastes (Process intermediates and finished products) to be disposed

off suitably.


and collection skips to be provided for solid wastes for segregated collection of wastes. The

sizing of such areas and skips are to be in accordance with the expected waste quantities and

the frequency of disposal. The waste skips/containers holding the waste material to be

suitably labelled for easy identification of material; and

NOL to be obtained from SEU in order to dispose of the non-hazardous solid wastes at Sohar

waste collection site..

ii O&M control

All wastes to be collected, segregated at source and stored at designated storage areas;

Metal scrap, wood scrap, uncontaminated and used spare parts, empty containers of non-

hazardous materials, packing materials, etc., to be collected and recycled to scrap dealers as

feasible. The rest along with general wastes and domestic refuse to be disposed off to Sohar

waste site;

Potential opportunities for recycle / reuse to be considered for all wastes to the extent feasible;

Non-hazardous wastes should not be mixed with hazardous wastes at any time. Non-

hazardous wastes suspected to be contaminated with hazardous wastes are to be treated as

hazardous wastes; and disposed off suitably.

Waste consignment notes to be prepared and documented for transporting wastes from the site

identifying the type of waste, quantity, disposal site, etc. The delivery receipts obtained from

municipal dumpsites also to be documented.

iii Monitoring

The quantities of various categories of wastes generated, stored and transported for offsite

disposal to be recorded, monitored and reported to the Ministry as required;

Process waste generation to be monitored and suitable process actions to be taken to optimise

the same; and


of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be implemented.



March 2015 3-9

3.4.6 Hazardous Waste Management

Hazardous waste is defined as any waste having hazardous properties that is harmful or toxic

to human health/life and /or the environment. The hazardous wastes expected to be generated

at the site during the operation of the proposed facility are per the following table:

Hazardous wastes expected Proposed waste management

Skimmed oil from LLOD basin, WWCT,

Oily sludge storage tank, DGF skimming,

Benzene/MTBE WWCT;

Dewatered oily sludge;

PE and PP powder;

Coke from cracking ethylene plant;

Spent filter mediums and oil absorbents;

Waste and spent catalyst;

Waste oils and oily sludge, waste chemicals,

solvents, waste paints, used cotton waste, etc.

from plants and maintenance workshops;

Hazardous waste chemicals and empty drums

with residue of chemicals;

Contaminated soils due to accidental spills of

hazardous wastes; and

Batteries, dismantled pipes, equipment

wastes etc.

For the waste identified the company shall dispose

the hazardous waste to the authorized land fill

sites/dealers only.

The following relevant mitigations measures are suggested for containing hazardous wastes.

i Design

Waste management plan to address proper collection, segregated storage/ recycle of

hazardous wastes;

Well designed plants to minimise waste generation because of leak and spill etc.

Suitable storage area (adequately designed to protect from rains and to prevent any run off)

with impervious flooring, bunds, roof and spill collection facilities as appropriate, to be

provided for collection and segregated storage and collection methods to be established for

hazardous solid wastes. The sizing of such areas to be in accordance with the expected waste

quantities and the frequency of recycling/disposal;



March 2015 3-10

Collection methods are to be established for hazardous solid wastes. The sizing of such areas

and skips to be in accordance with the expected waste quantities and the frequency of

recycling/disposal;

Locations of showers and eye wash cabinets to be identified and provided during the design

stage; and

Applicable permit to be obtained from SEU/MECA for storage and handling of hazardous

wastes.

ii O & M Control

Different processes have different catalyst, which have to be replaced at different intervals.

Based on the process, the spent catalyst is deactivated based on the methods prescribed by the

catalyst suppliers. The spent deactivated catalyst shall be taken back by the catalyst supplier

for recycling/regeneration and/or sent to Liwa site for disposal;

Various hazardous waste like skimmed oil, oily sludge from storage tanks, dewatered oily

sludge from WWTP to be collected and incinerated;

The handling, storage, transport and disposal of any hazardous waste will be carried out in

accordance with regulation MD 18/93;

No hazardous waste will be mixed with any other type of waste. Non-hazardous wastes

suspected to be contaminated with hazardous wastes are to be treated as hazardous wastes;

All hazardous waste will be appropriately packed, labelled and will be accompanied by a

waste consignment note when transported;

Hazardous waste storage facilities will have restricted access;

Floor sweepings which are likely to be contaminated to be treated as hazardous waste and to

be collected, stored and disposed of accordingly;

Equipment/piping replaced due to failures/damage to be treated as hazardous waste and to be

decontaminated as feasible and reused/recycled;

Hazardous liquid wastes such as waste oil, waste chemicals, cleaning solvents, paints,

hydrocarbons and other hazardous materials drained from equipment and pipelines during

maintenance activities in the plant to be properly collected, segregated and stored in

compliance with applicable regulations and respective MSDS;

Any spills/leaks from the waste containers onto land to be immediately remediated to

minimize the potential to soil and groundwater contamination;

Contaminated soil generated due to accidental spills to be stored in a dyked and sheltered area

with impervious flooring to minimize blowing away by wind, run off and infiltration;



March 2015 3-11

Recyclable waste will be stored separately onsite and will be handed over to waste recycling

contractors. Non-recyclable waste will be stored separately onsite and sent to the nearest

landfill;

Personnel handling hazardous materials to be provided with appropriate training on the


required, emergency procedures, etc. Suitable PPEs to be used by workers handling hazardous

wastes;

Adequate storage space shall be provided for the waste to be incinerated and the incinerator

ash;

Protective equipment will be used when handling the ash from the incinerator. The ash will be

removed from the incinerator and placed in covered metal containers for transport to the

authorized land fill site. The ash will be weighed and recorded prior to disposal; and

Waste consignment records to be prepared and documented for transporting wastes from the

site identifying the type of waste, hazardous nature, quantity, disposal/recycle location, etc.

Approved transporters to be used for transportation of hazardous waste materials.

iii Monitoring

Inventories of hazardous waste including quantities and type of hazardous wastes generated,

quantity stored, consumed and transported for recycle/offsite storage to be recorded,

documented and reported to the Ministry as required;

Records of type and quantity of waste incinerated shall be maintained and reported to

Ministry, as applicable; and


of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken.

3.4.7 Hazardous Materials Management

The mitigation measures for management of hazardous materials are presented below.

i Design

Hazardous materials management plan (chemicals management) will be prepared addressing

site specific requirements for storage, handling and transportation of hazardous materials;


with impervious flooring, bunds, covers/roof and with spill collection and safety facilities will

be provided for storage of hazardous materials, toxic and flammable chemicals, cleaning

solvents, paints, etc., according to applicable regulations (MD 25/2009) and MSDS. Properly

lined areas with spill collection facilities to be provided for loading/unloading of hazardous

materials;



March 2015 3-12

Roofed and ventilated area with adequate safety protection to be provided for storage of gas

cylinders;

Properly lined areas with spill collection facilities to be provided for loading/unloading of


Permits are to be obtained from MECA and ROP for storage, handling and transportation of

chemicals and fuels to be used at site;

NOL to be obtained from SEU for disposal of the hazardous solid wastes at Liwa site; and

Onsite and offsite emergency response plans will be established for handling any potential

emergency situations due to accidental release of hazardous materials.

ii O&M Control

All hazardous materials will be stored and handled at designated storage areas as mentioned

above in compliance with applicable regulations and MSDS;

The storage areas and vessels/containers will be properly labelled indicating the material,

hazardous nature, quantity, safety measures will be followed, etc. Appropriate MSDS

information will be displayed at areas of storage and use. If hazardous chemicals will be

stored at points of use in the plant, enclosed and bunded areas will be provided for storage in

order to contain spillages and leaks. Hazardous materials which are flammable, corrosive,

explosive, etc. will be stored separately;

Contractors and all the workers shall provide a list of chemicals and the associated MSDS

sheets that they wish to use at the project site (including the maximum quantity that will be

stored onsite);

A list of approved chemicals will be maintained at the site;

Flammable substances must be kept away from sources of ignition and from oxidizing agents;

Appropriate spill equipment kits shall be located in close proximity to where the chemicals

are being used;

Hazardous and dangerous wastes shall be segregated from the general waste stream;

Appropriate handling methods and facilities will be established for hazardous materials. Any

spills/leaks will be immediately remediated to minimise contamination of soil and

groundwater;

Personnel handling hazardous materials will be provided with appropriate training on the


required, emergency procedures, etc. Appropriate PPE will be used by personnel handling


Emergency response measures will be established for hazardous materials storage and

handling; and



March 2015 3-13

Approved transporters licensed with MECA will be used for transportation of hazardous

materials.

iii Monitoring

Report all accidents and incidents and investigate in a timely manner;

Periodic audits are to be conducted to assess implementation of the control measures and

results of audits to be reviewed and corrective actions to be taken; and

Inventory of the hazardous materials including the type of material, hazardous nature,

quantity stored and consumed, etc., will be documented and periodically updated.

3.5 Environmental Monitoring and Auditing/VMC

Environmental monitoring is a tool to assess the activity based environmental performance

and to provide guidance for better environmental practices. Periodic environmental

audits/verification monitoring campaign (VMC) help in assessing the effectiveness of

implementation of the management plans and compliance with permit conditions.

Appropriate corrective actions will be implemented for any deviations as appropriate.

The proposed monitoring and auditing plan for the proposed activities are presented in below

table. The audits are to be scheduled in such a way as to cover significant activities of the

project that include necessary health, safety, environmental, social and resource issues. The

reports of such audits / monitoring are to be documented to demonstrate to SEU/ MECA

authorities as required.

Deviations from the permit conditions will be considered as non-conformities. Non-

conformities shall be reviewed to identify suitable corrective measures. The findings of

periodic audits, corrective actions and recommendations for improvements will be

periodically reviewed by Orpic. Adequate resources will be provided by Orpic for

implementation of such corrective actions and recommendations for improving HSE plans.

Based on the discussions above, an environmental monitoring program summarized in Table

3-1 below is proposed for the PC plant operation phase.

Table 3-1: Environmental Monitoring for Operation Phase

Aspect Scope of Monitoring Method

Frequency of Monitoring and Reporting

Internal(Orpic)

Regulatory(MECA/SEU)

Point Source Emissions

Gases such as NOx, SO2, CO, CO2 and PM10

generated from the stacksOn-line CEMS Monthly Quarterly

Ambient air quality

NOx, SO2, CO and PM10

in and around project site

Diffusion tubes or CAAQMS at appropriate locations

Monthly Bi-annual

Total suspended particles Opacity meter Continuous Monthly



March 2015 3-14



Internal(Orpic)


Air pollutants and GHG emissions

A comprehensive air emissions and GHG inventory to be developed during EPC stage and updated as equipment is added, removed, or significantly altered.

Monitoring surveys and / or theoretical calculations

Continuous Monitoring

Quarterly reporting

Fuel Consumption

Inventories and use of diesel fuel and natural gas to be kept and reported quarterly.

Volume / quantity based

Monthly inventory -

Wastewater from WWTP

Analyses for parameters as required in RD 115/2001 or as required by SEU/MECA

Lab analysis Quarterly -

Sanitary Wastewater

Flow Volume Online flow meter Continuous

Process wastewater Flow Volume Online flow meter Continuous

Process Waste water

Analysis for parameters as defined in sampling plan

Lab Analysis Daily

Noise Level

Workplace and ambient noise levels

Using sound pressure level meter

MonthlyWorkplace and ambient noise levels

Noise exposure survey for plant personnel

Using sound pressure level meter and dosimeter

Initially during commissioning and when there is a changes in work locations, work patterns, addition or deletion of equipment, etc.

Solid wastesQuantity of each category of waste disposed from site or sold to contractors

Weight or volume measurement

Continuous, monthly inventory to be maintained/

Quarterly

GroundwaterAnalysis for heavy metals and hydrocarbons

Sampling from nearby groundwater wells and laboratory analysis

Quarterly Quarterly

Hazardous wastesQuantity of each category of waste stored at site

Weight or volume measurement

Continuous Quarterly

Chemical StorageQuantity of each category of chemical stored at site

Volume / weight calculated based on storage capacity

Monitoring every consignment.

-

Resources such as fuel, power, water, etc.

Quantities of consumptionUsing flow meters, energy meters, etc.

Continuous inventory to be maintained and report submitted to SEU/MECA

Health and Safety

Details of accidents/spills, first aid kit and fire fighting devices, site HSE procedures and traffic management

Monthly LoggingMonthly Monitoring every incident

Quarterly

Environmental incidents

SpillsReport the quantities by measurement or reliable estimates.

Monitoring on every incident.

Immediate reporting to MECA

Environmental Auditing/VMC

Management system, monitoring data and

- - Bi-annual



March 2015 3-15



Internal(Orpic)


compliance status



March 2015 4-1

4 DECOMMISSIONING PHASE MANAGEMENT

At the end of life cycle of the facility (approximately 25 years from commercial operation),

all the assets in the site will be decommissioned and the site will be restored to the extent

possible, to its original condition. Remediation of any contaminated soils will be carried out.

All efforts will be made to restore the site to a level such that it can be put to useful purposes

like industrial, housing or recreational use. To demonstrate the fitness of the land for the

intended future use, post-closure monitoring will be carried out before transferring the land to

the next landowner.

Decommissioning activities, which will involve dismantling of equipment and structures will

be more or less similar to the construction phase activities. Consequently, similar

environmental impacts are expected and a similar environmental management plan will be

applicable. However, the duration of decommissioning is envisaged to be shorter compared to

the construction activities.

The decommissioned equipment and the waste materials generated will be recycled to the

extent possible, and the non-recyclable wastes will be disposed according to applicable

regulations and waste management plan. The decommissioning will be contracted to a

qualified contractor, who will be responsible for environmental management.

4.1 Site Restoration

After removal of structures and equipment from the site, all above ground metalwork and

concrete will be entirely removed from the site. Foundations will be excavated to completely

remove structures and back-filled with compacted fill or other suitable material according to

the type of ground and the site will be levelled.

Any soil found to be contaminated with hydrocarbons or any other chemicals would be

removed from the site and replaced with new, clean soil. The contaminated soil will be

treated as hazardous waste according to applicable regulations. Vegetation could be grown on

the restored site for soil stabilization.

4.2 Post-closure Monitoring

Post-closure monitoring will be carried out before transferring the land to the next landowner,

to demonstrate the fitness of the land for the intended future use. The monitoring will

potentially include soil and groundwater analysis.

Documents

Environmental Management Plan - Orpicorpic.om/UploadsAll/Sohar_Report3.pdf · operates oil refineries (MAF and Sohar Refinery), aromatics plant and polypropylene plant at ... engineering