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Power System

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Distribution System

substations

transformers

circuit breakers

feeders

sectionalizing switches

capacitor banks voltage regulators

DSGs

customers

- HT customers- LT customers

Generation System

Transmission System

Primary

circuits

Generating Plant

Step-uptransformers

Circuit breakers

Transmission System

Transformers in

Bulk power

substations

Solar or

WindSources

(100KW to

1MW)

One-phaselateral feeder

Distribution

Transformer

DispersedStorage and

generation(DSG)

VoltageRegulator

Capacitor

bank

Sub-transmissionsystem

Distributionsubstation

Three-

phasePrimary

feeders

Battery or

Fuel cells,1 to 25 MW

DSG Sectionalizing

switch

DSGPhotovoltaic

Power supply,up to 100 KW

Home

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Power System connectivity

33 kV lines

220kV Lines

EHV substations

Distribution

substations

220/33 kV

Sub-station

33/11 kV

Sub-station

Industry at 33 kV

11 kV lines(feeders)

Distribution

Transformer

11/ 0.4 kV

Industry at 11 kVCustomers

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Power System in a typical city

EHV Sub-stations

Distribution s/s

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IT Applications to Power

Power System Operation and Control

- Power Plant Automation- Energy Management Systems

- Distribution Automation

- GIS Applications

Metering and Billing

Energy Accounting/auditing

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Primary

circuits

Generating Plant

Step-uptransformers

Circuit breakers

Transmission System

Transformers in

Bulk power

substations

Solar or

WindSources

(100KW to

1MW)

One-phaselateral feeder

Distribution

Transformer

DispersedStorage and

generation(DSG)

VoltageRegulator

Capacitor

bank

Sub-transmissionsystem

Distributionsubstation

Three-

phasePrimary

feeders

Battery or

Fuel cells,1 to 25 MW

DSG Sectionalizing

switch

DSGPhotovoltaic

Power supply,up to 100 KW

Home

Energy Management System

Control

Center

( monitor

andControl )

219 kV

248 MW

SCADA

and

Application Functions

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Function of Energy Management System

Remotely monitors the Transmission system,

facilitates supervisory control of devices and

provides decision support tools to improve thesystem performance

(Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition)

Application Functions

SCADA

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SCADA

SCADAHow ?

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SCADA Features

Hardware Components

Software Components

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CC

COMMUNICATION

RTU FIELD

Transducers

/ Relays

/ IEDs

DevicesPanels

SCADA Hardware Components

Voltage

Field Values

Voltage 0-10 DC

Transducer

output

011011110011

A/D Converter

output

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SCADA Hardware Components

Voltage

Field Values

Voltage 0-10 DC

Transducer

output

011011110011

A/D Converter

output

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Modems

FES

1 & 2

RTUs in

the field

SCADA Host Systems

LAN

MMI 1MMI 6

Video

Projector

App Server

P -1

P -2

DT 1 & 2

PERIPHERAL

SERVER -1

Printer

Sharer PERIPHERAL

SERVER -2

Time

Center

LANLAN

FES

1 & 2

FES

1 & 2

MMI 1MMI 1

PERIPHERAL

SERVER -2

PERIPHERAL

SERVER -2

SCADA Host Systems App Server

App Server

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Station A1

Station A2

Zone A

Station B2

Station B1

Zone B

REGION AB

SCADA System Architecture

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SCADA Software Components

Data Acquisition

Data Processing

Control

Alarms and Events

Database

Graphical User Interface

Logging and Reporting

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Network Model

Management

MarketParticipants(Markete

rs,TSP,Gen

,

Load)

State Estimator RTCA TCM

VSAT/TSAT

RUC

Outage Scheduler

Load Forecast

CRR

SCADA

Models

Outages

Load Schedules

Offers, Bids, market clearing results, etc.

SettlementsBilling, dispute interface

D

ataWarehou

seReports

DAM

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National Load Dispatch Center (NLDC) in Delhi

Regional Load Dispatch Center

(RLDC) North

Regional Load Dispatch Center

(RLDC) W, S, E, NE

State Load Dispatch Center(SLDC)

Sub Load Dispatch Center

(SubLDC)

Substation

State Load Dispatch Center(SLDC)

Substation

Sub Load Dispatch Center

(SubLDC)

User User