Energy Audit in Techno India Engineering

ENERGY AUDIT IN TECHNO INDIA ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

SALT LAKE CAMPUS

THESIS SUBMITTED FOR PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE

OF

MASTER OF TECHNOLOGYIN

ENERGY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

SUBMITTED BY

SHEIKH JELLAR REHMAN,EXAM ROLL NO. M4 EMR 1001

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF DR. TUSHAR JASH

SCHOOL OF ENERGY STUDIESJADAVPUR UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGYJADAVPUR UNIVERSITY

KOLKATA-700 0322008-2009


KOLKATA-700 032

RECOMMENDATION CERTIFICATE

Certified that the work titled “Energy Audit of Techno India Engineering College, Salt Lake Campus” has been completed by Sheikh Jellar Rehman under our supervision. This work may be accepted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology in Energy Science and Technology.

To the best of our knowledge, this work has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma.

____________________ _________________________(Dr. Subhasis Neogi ). ( Dr. Tushar Jash), Supervisor,Teacher – in-charge, Senior Lecturer in Energy Science & Technology,School of Energy Studies, Jadavpur University Jadavpur University. .

_____________________ DeanFaculty of Engineering & Technology Jadavpur University.


KOLKATA-700 032

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL

The forgoing thesis is hereby approved as a creditable study of a technical subject carried out and presented in a manner satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a pre-requisite to the degree for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval the undersigned persons does not necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein but approve the thesis only for the purpose for which it has been submitted.

Committee of ____________________Final Examination forEvaluation of Thesis _____________________

_____________________

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I feel great pleasure in expressing my deepest respect, reverence, indebtedness and heartiest gratitude to my respected superior Dr. Tushar Jash ( Senior Lecturer, School of Energy Studies, Jadavpur University ) for his acute interest, judicious guidance, constant inspiration, affection and help during the entire period of execution of present work and also making the theme of the project work.

I also grateful to Dr.Subhasis Neogi ( Reader, School of Energy Studies) , Prof. Dr. B. Ghosh( Director, School of Energy Studies ) and Mr. Ratan Mandal, Lecturer, School of Energy Studies) for their valuable kind advice and encouragement during the period of work.

Lastly, I would once again thank my supervisor Dr. Tushar Jash who kindly allowed me to work in this interesting project work for useful purpose.

School of Energy Studies, ( Sheikh Jellar Rehman)Jadavpur University,Kolkata-700 032

DEDICATED

TO

MY PARENTS

AND

WIFE, SON & DAUGHTER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Disclaimer

The views expressed in this report are those of the author and may not represent or reflect the views of Techno India, Salt Lake, Kolkata.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CONTENTS

Sl No. Topic Description Page Number

1. Introduction, Definitions and procedure of Energy audit 1 to 7

2. Building and Room description 8 to 9

3. Monthly load calculation for Ground floor rooms 10 to 17

4. Monthly load calculation for First floor rooms 18 to 22

5. Monthly load calculation for Second floor rooms 23 to 27

6. Monthly load calculation for Third floor rooms 28 to 32

7. Monthly load calculation for Fourth floor rooms 33 to 37

8. Graphical presentation & comparison for daily, 38 to 41 Monthly And Yearly Electrical Energy consumption 9. Energy saving potential and final recommendations 42 to 44

10. Building photographs 45

11. Floor wise building detailed layout 46 to 50

INTRODUCTION

An energy audit is a study of a plant or facility to determine how and where energy is used and to identify methods for energy savings. There is now a universal recognition of the fact that new technologies and much greater use of some that already exist provide the most hopeful prospects for the future. The opportunities lie in the use of existing renewable energy technologies, greater efforts at energy efficiency and the dissemination of these technologiesand options.

This energy audit of the Techno India Engineering College, Salt Lake Campus academic area has been carried out and reported in this thesis. .This report is just one step, a mere mile marker towards our destination of achieving energy efficiency and i would like to emphasise that an energy audit is a continuous process. I have compiled a list of possible actions to conserve and efficiently utilize our scarce resources and identified their savings potential. The next step would be to prioritize their implementation. I look forward with optimism that the institute authorities, staff and students shall ensure the maximum execution of the recommendations and the success of this work. .Techno India one of the pioneer private Engineering College in West Bengal was established in the year 2001 initially with four AICTE approved Degree Engineering course. At present the college is running 6 UG Courses and 3 PG Courses. Geographical advantage of being in the Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata, the IT hub of West Bengal, the college enjoys overall advantage for easy communication. In addition, overall Infrastructure, Laboratory facilities, dedicated faculty members and other ample amenities have placed this college as distinguished one in its class.

Courses Offered (UG): Student Strength

1) Computer Science & Engineering 602) Information Technology 603) Electronics & Communication Engineering 1204) Electrical Engineering 605) Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering 606) Food Technology 60 -------------------------------- Total: 420

Courses Offered (PG): Student Strength1) Master of Business Administration 602) Master of Computer Application 603) M. Tech in VLSI & Micro Electronics 18 --------------------------------- Total: 138

Therefore total student strength becomes (4X420 + 2X138) = 1956Five undergraduate departments 1) Computer Science & Engineering 2) Information Technology, 3) Electronics & Communication Engineering,4) Electrical Engineering, and 5) Food Technology got NBA accreditation for 3 years from January,2010.

Also Techno India extends support by providing faculty members and Laboratory Experiments for the students of Aliah University.

Energy audit objectiveThis energy audit assumes significance due to the fact that the Techno India, Salt Lake Campus electricity bill had crossed Rs. 13 lakhs during 2009-10 financial year and it was aimed at obtaining a detailed idea about the various end

use energy consumption activities and identifying, enumerating and evaluating the possible energy savings opportunities. The target is to achieve savings in the electrical energy consumption to the extent of 20%. The audit was also aimed at to learn or feel of the practical problems and difficulties in carrying out energy audits.

Specific Energy Consumption (SEC)

The Specific Energy Consumption (SEC) is defined as the energy consumption per unit of product output. The specific energy consumption considering students, faculty and staff members were calculated which forms the institute SEC and was taken as reference for comparison. The SEC was calculated to be 113.19 kWh/person/annum (for 2009-10 financial year) for the academic area and Rs. 603.29 per person per annum. In comparison to IITs or any Govt. residential College this figure is very small. It is one tenth SEC of IIT, Mumbai [6]

ENERGY AUDIT FOR COLLEGE BUILDINGS

The energy audit in a building is a feasibility study. For it not only serves to identify energy use among the various services and to identify opportunities for energy conservation, but it is also a crucial first step in establishing an energy management programme. The audit will produce the data on which such a programme is based. The study should reveal to the owner, manager, or

management team of the building the options available for reducing energy waste, the costs involved, and the benefits achievable from implementing those energy-conserving opportunities (ECOs).

The energy management programme is a systematic on-going strategy for controlling a building's energy consumption pattern. It is to reduce waste of energy and money to the minimum permitted by the climate the building is located, its functions, occupancy schedules, and other factors. It establishes and maintains an efficient balance between a building's annual functional energy requirements and its annual actual energy consumption. STAGES IN ENERGY PROGRAMME

The energy audit may range from a simple walk-through survey at one extreme to one that may span several phases. These phases include a simple walk-through survey, followed by monitoring of energy use in the building services, and then model analysis using computer simulation of building operation. The complexity of the audit is therefore directly related to the stages or degree ofsophistication of the energy management programme and the cost of the audit exercise. The first stage is to reduce energy use in areas where energy is wasted and reductions will not cause disruptions to the various functions.

The level of service must not be compromised by the reduction in energy consumed. It begins with a detailed, step-by-step analysis of the building's energy use factors and costs, such as insulation values, occupancy schedules, chiller efficiencies, lighting levels, and records of utility and fuel expenditures. It includes the identification of specific ECOs, along with the cost-effective benefits of each one. The completed study would provide the building owner with a thorough and detailed basis for deciding which ECOs to implement, the magnitude of savings to be expected, and the energy conservation goals to be established and achieved in the energy management programme. However, the ECOs may yield modest gains.

The second stage is to improve efficiency of energy conversion equipment and to reduce energy use by proper operations and maintenance. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the number of operating machines and operating hours according to the demands of the load, and fully optimize equipment operations. Hence the ECOs would include the following:

• Building equipment operation,

• Building envelope,

• Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation equipment and systems,

• Lighting systems,

• Power systems, and

• Miscellaneous services.

The first two stages can be can be implemented without remodeling buildings and existing facilities. The third stage would require changes to the underlying functions of buildings by remodeling, rebuilding, or introducing further control upgrades to the building. This requires some investment.

The last stage is to carry out large-scale energy reducing measures when existing facilities have past their useful life, or require extensive repairs or replacement because of obsolescence. In this case higher energy savings may be achieved. For these last two stages, the audit may be more extensive in order to identify more ECOs for evaluation, but at an increased need for heavier capital expenditure to realize these opportunities. SURVEYING A COLLEGE BUILDING

A walk-through survey of the building may reveal several ECOs to the experienced eye of the auditor. The survey could be divided into three parts.

Preliminary survey

Prior to the walk-through survey, the auditor may need to know the building and the way it is used. The information can be obtained from:

• architectural blueprints,

• air-conditioning blueprints,

• electrical lighting and power blueprints,

• utility bills and operation logs for the year preceding the audit,

• air-conditioning manuals and system data, and

• building and plant operation schedules extensive in order to identify more ECOs for evaluation, but at an increased need for heavier capital expenditure to realize these opportunities.

SURVEYING THE BUILDING

A walk-through survey of a building may reveal several ECOs to the experienced eye of the auditor. The survey could be divided into three parts.

Walk-through

Thus having familiarized with the building, the walk-through process could be relatively straightforward, if the blueprints and other preliminary information available describes the building and its operation accurately. The process could begin with a walk around the building to study the building envelope. Building features such as building wall color, external sun-shading devices, window screens and tint, and so on are noted as possible ECOs. If a model analysis is included in the study, the building must be divided into zones of analysis. The survey inside the building would include confirmation that the air-conditioning system is as indicated on plans. Additions and alterations would be noted. The type and condition of the windows, effectiveness of window seals, typical lighting and power requirements, occupancy and space usage are noted. This information could be compared against the recommendations in the relevant Codes of Practices. System and plant data could be obtained by a visit to the mechanical rooms and plant room. Nameplate data could be compared against those in the building's documents, and spot readings of the current indicating panels for pumps and chillers recorded for estimating the load on the system.

Operator's input

The auditor may discuss with the building maintenance staff further on the operating schedules and seek clarification on any unusual pattern in the trend of the utility bills. Unusual patterns such as sudden increase or decrease in utility bills could be caused by changes in occupancy in the building, or change in use by existing tenants. It is not uncommon for tenants to expand their computing operations that may increase the energy use significantly. Report

At this stage, ECOs could be found in measures such as:

• Reduce system operating hours,

• Adjust space temperature and humidity,

• Reduce building envelope gain,

• Adjust space ventilation rates and building exfiltration,

• Review system air and water distribution,

• Adjust chiller water temperatures, and

• Review chiller operations.

The benefit from adopting each ECO should be compared against cost of implementation. Caution should be exercised in the cost-benefit analysis given the wider range of certainty of the projections made. However, a survey at this level may be sufficient for small buildings.

MEASUREMENTS

The capability of the energy auditor and the scope of an audit could be extended by the use of in place instrumentation and temporary monitoring equipment. In-place instrumentation refers to existing utility metering, air-conditioning control instrumentation and energy management systems (EMS). The use of in-place utility metering and temporary monitoring equipment in energy auditing can yield valuable information about the building systems such as:

• Energy signature and end-use consumption analysis,

• Discovery and identification of ECOs, • Quantification of energy use and misuse,

• Establishing bounds for potential energy reduction, and

• Data acquisition for further calculation and analysis.

Existing information

Existing instrumentation such as utility meter readings, and energy billings could be used to establish energy consumption patterns for the building. The regularity of consumption pattern is an indicator that no significant change in consumption occurred prior to the audit. This can also be used to check the validity of projections based on extrapolated short-term monitored data. Utility data could be used to establish useful indices such as kWh/m2/year to compare relative energy performance of buildings.

Air-conditioning control instrumentation such as chilled water temperature probes, water flow meters could be used to estimate cooling load demand and plant operation. For example, chilled water temperature outside the designed range may indicate that cooling coils may be operating under off design conditions.

Short term monitoring

The building may not be equipped for monitoring energy consumption and it may be necessary to install temporary measurement devices such as instantaneous recorders (strip chart, data loggers, etc) and totalizing recorders (kWh meters) to obtain data over the period of a week for the study. Monitored data is also useful for completing the energy model of a building for use in some building energy simulation software. For example the total building energy consumption would include energy used in the vertical transportation system and potable water pumps which are not modelled in the software.

An estimate for annual consumption is extrapolated from the typical week consumption profile. Regularity of the weekly consumption profile means that the annual consumption could be estimated with confidence and the value used to cross check with the annual energy bills.

MODEL ANALYSISBuilding energy consumption in simplest terms is just the product of rate ofconsumption of a system and the period of operation. In lighting systems, its energy consumption could be determined manually with precision as it does not interact with other consumption variables. Energy consumption of cooling systems, however, is many times more complicated as it is affected by the internal heat gain within a building as well as weather variables, which varies in a complex manner over time. Building model analysis using computers offers several improvements over manual calculations. These include:

• Precise schedule of building parameters,

• Precise determination of weather impact,

• Specification of part load performance of plant and equipment, and

• Consideration of parameter interactions such as lighting load on air-conditioning consumption.

Software

Some software permit hour-by-hour calculations of building consumption for the entire 8760 hours of the year, but require thorough knowledge of the software to carry out accurate and meaningful analysis. Simplified software based on consumption analysis on characteristic days may also be considered. However, the improvements in computational power of the desktop PC has introduced several powerful features and user-friendly graphical interface possible in more

recent versions of such software making it more accessible to the practicing engineer.

Analysis

The general procedure for an analysis would be to establish a model giving an annual consumption within 10% of the measured data. This establishes the base model. The impact of ECOs on energy consumption would be compared against the base model. ECOs could be considered singly or in combinations to determine interactions between them. The results of the energy savings in each analysis should not be taken as absolute but rather taken to be relative to the base run so as to give an indication of the order of magnitude of savings. Thus those ECOs which shows significant gains would be implemented.

SUMMARY

The objective of energy audit is to identify the end use of energy in building and its ECOs; and as a feasibility study leading to implementation of an energy management programme. The audit procedures can be expanded as needed in the various phases of the energy programme, with the application of each succeeding phase yielding more information on energy use, and more opportunities for raising energy efficiency..

BUILDING & ROOM DESCRIPTION

Techno India building structural foundation was planned for G + 3 floor . But due to sudden extreme increase in demand of Graduate Engineers for the IT sector worldwide, new departments as well as number of students increased which led to further requirement of new class rooms. Therefore 4th floor was built with temporary structure after load calculation. So roof of this floor was made by corrugated tin sheets with a false roof by thermocol type thermal insulation. But due to this a heavy thermal mass retains heat during the day time. To remove this heat each room is provided by 2 numbers of air conditioning machines of 1 ton capacity. If solar PV panels were provided over the corrugated tin sheets a huge amount of electrical energy could have been saved as well as some good amount of green power could have been generated.

The individual class rooms are given a unique number as indicated in the drawing of layout of each floor.The total covered area of all the floors is 6287.98 square meter. Dimension of each individual room is indicated in the layout drawing. The building is painted with ivory white color to give a decent and traditional institutional look.

ROOM ANALYSIS

Ground floor consists of 1) Principal’s Office, 2) Director’s Room, 3) Administrator’s Office, 4) Administrative Office, 5) Library, 6) Power System Laboratory, 7) Physics Laboratory-I, II and III, 8) Basic Electrical Engg. Lab, 9) Mechanical Workshop, 10) Electrical Machine Laboratory, 11) Power Electronics and Drives Laboratory, 12) Electrical Measurement Laboratory,13) 4 number of Toilets ( Two for Gents & Two for Ladies) Total covered area for first floor is: 1868.5 m2 So ground floor is having total 14 rooms: 9 laboratory rooms and 5 rooms for Library and Administrative purpose,

First Floor: Having covered area of 1124.82 m2 with 6 no.s of Theory class rooms, 2 no.s of Laboratory rooms, 4 rooms for faculty, 1-room for Computer store, 1 room for Internet Server and 3 no.s of Toilets.

Second Floor: Having covered area of 1124.82 m2 with 4 no.s of Theory class rooms, 2 no.s of Laboratory rooms, 4 rooms for faculty, 1-room for Registrar’s office, 1 room for Accounts department and 3 no.s of Toilets.

Third Floor: Having covered area of 1124.82 m2 with 6 no.s of Theory class rooms, 2 no.s of Laboratory rooms, 4 rooms for faculty, 1-room for Registrar’s office, 1 room for Accounts department and 3 no.s of Toilets.

Fourth Floor: Having covered area of 1045.02 m2 with 8 no.s of Laboratory rooms, 4 rooms for faculty, and 3 no.s of Toilets.

If we summarise :a) Number of Theory Class Room – 16b) Number of Practical Class Room-23c) Number of Faculty Room -16d) Number of Administrative Room - 06e) Number of Toilets -16f) Number of Rooms for Library - 02g) Number of Room for Pantry - 01

Total number of Rooms = 80

Apart from these, one room is made separately as a Xerox facility Centre and one Common Room for the students. Both are located at ground floor beside the playground. We will calculate the Electrical power rating of the appliances used in each room and also calculate the energy consumption per month based on the usage of each room.

ROOM NO.105 (POWER SYSTEM LAB)As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours.

Sl no

Name of theequipment

Rating of theEquipment(W)

Number of equipment

Connected load (W)

Total running hours per month

Energy consumptionper month (kWh)

1 Tube light 55 6 330 24 7.92 CFL 11 12 132 24 3.173 Ceiling Fan 75 4 300 24 7.24 Table Fan 60 5 300 100 305 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 606 Lab set up 100W X 15 10 1000 24 24 Total Energy consumption per month = 132.27 kWh

ROOM NO.106 (BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGG. LAB)As per routine of the college 24 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 96 hours .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 10 550 96 52.82 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 96 57.63 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 100 304 Lab set up 100W X 20 10 2000 96 96 Total Energy consumption per month = 236.4 kWh

ROOM NO.107 (BOARD OF DIRECTOR’S ROOM)There is no hard and fast schedule for using this room but as per experience it is found that total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours .

Slno



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Mini halogen 50 4 200 24 4.82 Split type A.C. 2000 1 2000 24 483 Ceiling Fan 75 4 300 24 7.24 Table Fan NIL5 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 24 7.26 Printer 250W 1 250 4 4 Total Energy consumption per month = 71.2 kWh

ROOM NO.108 (POWER ELECTRONICS & DRIVES LAB)As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical

class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 16 880 24 21.122 CFL NIL3 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 24 14.44 Table Fan NIL5 Personal Comp. 300 9 2700 12 32.46 Lab set up 185W X 15 10 2775 12 22.2 Total Energy consumption per month = 90.12 kWh

ROOM NO.109 (ELECT. MEASUREMENT LAB)

As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 12 660 24 15.82 Ceiling Fan 75 10 750 24 183 Table Fan NIL4 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 24 7.25 Lab set up 35 W X 15 10 1000 12 42 Total Energy consumption per month = 83 kWh

ROOM NO.110 (PHYSICS LAB-I)As per daily routine of the college 20 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 80 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 10 550 80 442 CFL NIL3 Ceiling Fan 75 4 300 80 244 Table Fan 60 2 120 80 9.65 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 80 966 Printer 250W 1 250 10 2.5 Total Energy consumption per month = 176.1 kWh

ROOM NO.103 (PHYSICS LAB-II)As per routine of the college 20 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 80 hours .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 14 770 80 61.62 Ceiling Fan 75 10 750 80 603 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 80 244 Lab set up 20W 10 200 48 9.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 155.2 kWh

ROOM NO.104 (PHYSICS LAB-III, OPTICAL)As per routine of the college 12 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 48 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 4 220 48 10.63 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 48 7.23 Lab set up 30W X 2 2 60 48 2.9 Total Energy consumption per month = 20.7 kWh

RECEPTIONReception is open for at least 10 hours a day and 6 days per week. So total

usage of this space per month is 10x6x4 = 240 hours.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 2 110 240 26.42 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 240 183 Table Fan Nil4 Personal Comp. 250 1 250 100 25 Total Energy consumption per month = 69.4 kWh

OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATORThis office is rarely used since administrator has another responsibility. So main use of this room is to conduct some meeting and special purpose. Monthly usage of this room is limited to 10 hours only.

Slno



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 2 110 10 1.12 CFL 11 4 44 10 0 .443 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 10 1.54 Table Fan NIL5 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 10 3.06 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 10 10 Total Energy consumption per month = 16.04 kWh PRINCIPAL’S OFFICE ROOM

Utilisation of this office is very high in this private college .This office is used for at least 8 hours a day for 6 days in a week. So total hours of usage of this

room per month is 192 hours.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 CFL 11 12 132 192 25.342 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 192 14.43 Split type A.C. 2000 1 2000 134.4 268.84 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 153.6 46.085 Printer 200W 1 200 4 0.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 335.42kWh

ROOM FOR ADMINISTRATIVE STAFFThis office is also a highly utilized area. Office opens at 10.00 a.m. and closes at 6.00 p.m. for 6 days per week. So most of the appliances are being run for 8 x 6 x 4=192 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 192 84.482 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 192 86.43 Xerox Machine 750 1 750 48 364 Table Fan 60 3 180 192 34.565 Personal Comp. 300 6 1800 100 1806 Fax Machine 200 1 200 20 0.4

7 Printer 300 2 600 10 6 Total Energy consumption per month = 427.84 kWh

MAIN COLLEGE LIBRARYThis is also an area which is maximum utilized . Library is equipped with

automatic book issue & receive system with the help of scanner, bar code & computer software. Library open at 8.00 a.m.and closes at 6.00 p.m.. It is

used for 10 hours a day & 6 days in a week. Total hours of usage of this area per month is 10 x 6 x 4 = 240 hours.

Library Reading RoomSl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 12 660 240 158.42 Ceiling Fan 75 7 525 240 1263 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 240 720 Total Energy consumption per month = 1004.4 kWh

Library Book Store RoomSl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 CFL 22 234 5148 240 1235.52 Ceiling Fan 75 16 1200 240 2885 PC + Scanner 300 7 2100 240 5046 Printer 250 1 250 10 2.5 Total Energy consumption per month = 2030 kWh

Library Toilet ( 1 Gents + 1 Ladies)

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 CFL 11 4 44 240 19.22 Exhaust Fan 40 2 80 240 10.56 Total Energy consumption per month = 29.76 kWh Total Energy consumed for Library work per month = 3064.16 kWh

MECHANICAL WORKSHOPThe workshop includes the faculty room for Mech. Engg. Departments also. So lights, fans and computers are on for at least 6 hours a day, 5 days per

week, monthly usage 120 hours. Laboratory equipments all are driven by 1 hp Electrical Motors of 14 numbers and one Welding Machine. Total 5 number of

set ups are run at a time for 3 hours a day for 5 days in week. So total equipment running hours per month =3 x 5 x 4=60 hours per month for 5 sets

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 34 1870 120 224.42 CFL 11 21 231 120 27.723 Ceiling Fan 75 21 1575 120 1894 Table Fan 60 5 300 120 365 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 100 1206 Printer 250 1 250 4 17 Lab set up 746W X 5 14 10444 60 223.88 Welding M/c 1000 1 1000 5 5 Total Energy consumption per month = 826.92 kWh

ELECTRICAL MACHINE LABThis laboratory comprises of set ups run by # phase and single phase Induction Motors of following capacity.a) 3 hp motors 8 nos takes a load of 24 hpb) 2 hp motors 2 no.s takes a load of 4 hpc) 1 hp motor 1 no. takes a load of 1 hpd) 5 hp motors 5 no.s takes a load of 25 hp 16 numbers of motors takes a load of 54 hp. Therefore average Electrical Power per set-up is 2.52 kW. At a time 5 numbers of set ups are run and practical class allotted is 6 hours per week. So usage of this room is 6 x 4 = 24 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 28 1540 24 36.962 Ceiling Fan 75 7 525 24 12.63 Lab set up 2.52kW X5 16 40.32

kW24 302.4

Total Energy consumption per month = 351.96 kWh

STUDENTS’ TOILET ROOM ( 1 FOR BOYS + 1 FOR GIRLS)This is opened at 8.00 a.m. and closed at 6.00 p.m. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 10 x 6 x 4 = 240 hours.

Sl no


Rating oftheEquipment(W)

Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 4 220 240 52.83 Exhaust Fan 40 2 80 240 19.2 Total Energy consumption per month = 72 kWh

PANTRY ROOM This is opened at 8.00 a.m. and closed at 6.00 p.m. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 10 x 6 x 4 = 240 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 1 55 240 13.22 Exhaust Fan 40 1 40 240 9.63 Table Fan 60 1 60 240 14.44 One Heater 1500 1 1500 48 72 Total Energy consumption per month = 109.2 kWh

STUDENTS’ COMMON ROOM This room is opened at 9.00 a.m. and closed at 5.00 p.m. But after the

detailed study it is found that the ceiling fans are run for average 5 hours and lights are on for 4 hours for 24 days.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 96 42.243 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 120 72 Total Energy consumption per month = 114.24 kWh

STUDENTS’ FACILITY CENTRE

This room is opened at 11.00 a.m. and closed at 5.00 p.m. The usage of this room thus is 6 x 24 = 144 hours per month. The monthly energy consumed is

charged separately by providing separate Energy Meter since the above facility centre is outsourced. The calculation shown below quite matches with

the monthly meter reading.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 7 385 144 55.442 Exhaust Fan 40 1 40 144 5.763 Table Fan 60 2 120 144 17.284 Xerox Machine 750 2 1500 72 108 Total Energy consumption per month = 186.48 kWh

PUMP ROOM Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Pump Motor-I 7.5 x 746 1 5595 120 671.42 Pump Motor-II 3 x 746 1 2238 120 268.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 940 kWh

LIGHTS FOR CORRIDOR, STREET, PORTICO & PLAY GROUND Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Street lights 125 10 1250 300 3752 Corridor,Tube Lt 55 18 990 48 47.523 Portico, CFL 11 28 308 20 6.164 Play Ground 400 20 8000 20 160 Total Energy consumption per month = 588.68 kWh

Total average Electrical Energy consumption per month due to the appliances in the ground floor is ( 132.27 + 236.4 + 71.2 + 90.12 + 83 + 176.1 + 155.2 + 20.7 + 69.4 + 16.04 + 335.42 + 427.85 + 1004.4 + 2030 + 29.76 + 826.92 + 351.96 + 72 + 109.2 + 114.24 + 186.48 + 940 + 588.68 ) kWh = 8067.33 kWh

1.Lighting load: (462 + 550 + 200 + 880 + 660 + 550 + 770 + 220 + 110 + 154 + 132 + 440 + 660 + 5148 + 44 + 2101 + 1540 + 220 + 55 + 440 + 385 + 10548) = 26,269 W 2. Fan load: ( 600 + 600 + 300 + 600 + 750 + 420 + 750 + 150 + 75 + 150 + 75 + 450 + 180 + 525 + 1200 + 80 + 1875 + 525 + 80 + 100 + 600 + 160) = 10,245 W

3. Air conditioning load: (1000+2000+2000)= 5000 W

4. PC, Printers, Xerox Machine, Fax etc: ( 600 + 300 + 300 + 250 + 2700 + 300 + 1450 + 300 + 250 + 300 + 500 + 750 + 1800 + 800 + 300 + 2100 + 250 + 1450 + 1500 ) = 16,200 W5. Laboratory set up, heater, pump motor etc: ( 1000 + 2000 + 2775 + 1000 + 200 + 60 + 11444 + 40320 + 1500 + 7833 ) = 68,132 WTotal connected load in the ground floor: ( 26,269 + 10,245 + 5000 + 16200 + 68132 ) = 125,846 Watt = 126 kW ( approx)LOAD & ELECT. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER MONTH FOR 1ST FLOOR

CLASS ROOM NO.207 As per routine of the college 4 hours per day is allotted for this theory class room & 20 days a month. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 80 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 80 302 Ceiling Fan 75 5 375 80 35.2 Total Energy consumption per month = 65.2 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




STUDENTS’ TOILET ROOM ( 1 FOR BOYS + 1 FOR GIRLS)

This is opened at 8.00 a.m. and closed at 6.00 p.m. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 10 x 6 x 4 = 240 hours.

Sl no



Number ofequipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 10 550 80 362 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 80 44 Total Energy consumption per month = 80 kWh

ELECTRICAL FACULTY ROOM-I ( In front of stair case)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are

being run for 6 x 5 x 4 =120 hours per month.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 5 275 120 332 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 120 183 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 100 1004 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 120 72 Total Energy consumption per month = 223 kWh

ELECTRICAL FACULTY ROOM-II ( R-204)

This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 120 39.62 Ceiling Fan 75 3 225 120 273 Table Fan 60 1 60 8 0..484 Personal Comp. 300 3 900 40 365 Printer 250 1 250 4 16 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1207 Exhst fan(Toilet) 40 1 40 120 4.88 Tube in Toilet 55 1 55 120 6.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 235.48 kWh

CLASS ROOM NO.203As per routine of the college 5 hours per day is allotted for this theory class room & 20 days a month. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 100 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




CLASS ROOM NO.201

As per routine of the college 5 hours per day is allotted for this theory class room & 20 days a month. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 100 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




COMPUTER STORE ROOMThis room is highly utilized area. One faculty from CSE occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are

being run for 6 x 5 x 4 =120 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 2 110 120 13.22 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 120 93 Table Fan 60 2 120 120 14.44 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 120 365 Printer 250 1 250 8 26 Exhaust fan 40 1 40 120 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 79.4 kWh

CONTROL SYSTEM LABAs per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical

class room. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. So most of the appliances are being run for 6 x 4 = 24 hours per month. Out of

total 36 nos. of PC 14 are run at a time for 6 hours per week.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 24 10.562 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 24 14.43 Personal Comp. 300 36 10800 24 100.84 Window A.C. 1000 2 2000 24 48 Total Energy consumption per month = 173.76 kWh

MCA LAB

As per routine of the college 6 hours per day & 5 days per week.So total hours of usage of this room per month is 120 hours. Out of total 37 nos. of PC

20 are run at a time for 6 hours per week.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 120 52.82 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 120 543 Personal Comp. 300 37 11100 20x120 7204 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 120 Total Energy consumption per month = 946.8 kWh

ELECTRICAL FACULTY ROOM-III( In front of stair case)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are

being run for 6 x 5 x 4 =120 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 120 52.82 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 120 93 Table fan 60 3 180 120 10.84 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 60 605 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 120 144 Total Energy consumption per month = 276.6 kWh

INTERNET SERVER ROOM (Between R-201 & R-202)This room is highly utilized & four hardware experts occupy this room for at

least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are being run for 6 x 5 x 4 =120 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 3 165 120 19.82 Ceiling Fan. 75 1 75 120 93 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 80 964 Server CPU 500 3 1500 160 2405 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1206 Printer 250W 1 250 8 2 Total Energy consumption per month = 486.8 kWh

LIGHTS FOR CORRIDOR

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Corridor,Tube Lt 55 18 990 48 47.52 Total Energy consumption per month = 47.52kWh

Total average Electrical Energy consumption per month due to the appliances in the First Floor is (223 + 65.2 + 65.2 + 72 + 47.52 + 80 + 235.48 + 111 + 85 + 144.5 + 79.4 + 173.76 + 946.8 + 276.6 + 486.8 ) kWh = 3092.3 kWh

1.Lighting load: ( 275 + 440 + 440 +110 + 990 + 550 + 330 + 660 + 550 + 110 + 440 + 440 + 440 + 165 + 110) = 6050 W

2. Fan load: (150 + 375 + 375 + 40 + 40 + 450 + 345 + 450 + 300 + 675 + 235 + 600 + 450 + 630 + 75) = 5190 W

3. Air conditioning load: (1000+1000+1000+1000+1000+2000)= 7000 W

4. PC, Printers, Xerox Machine, Fax etc: ( 600 + 1200 + 550 + 11100 + 10800 + 1200 + 2950 ) = 28,400 W

Total connected load in the ground floor: (6050 + 5190 + 7000 + 28,400) = 46,640 Watt = 47 kW ( approx)

LOAD & ELECT. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER MONTH FOR 2nd FLOORCLASS ROOM NO.308( Chemistry Lab)

As per routine of the college 6 hours per day is allotted for this practical class room & 16 days a month. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 96 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 96 63.42 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 96 43.23 Table Fan 60 1 60 96 5.84 Personal Comp 300 2 600 96 57.65 Cond. Meter 50 4 200 96 19.2 Total Energy consumption per month = 189.2 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




LIGHTS FOR CORRIDOR AND PORTICO Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Corridor,Tube Lt 55 18 990 48 47.522 Portico, CFL 11 24 264 20 5.3 Total Energy consumption per month = 52.82 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




MCA FACULTY ROOM-I ( R-305)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 120 39.62 Ceiling Fan 75 4 300 120 363 Table Fan 60 1 60 20 1.24 Personal Comp. 300 5 1500 120 1805 Printer 250 1 250 4 16 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1207 Exhst fan(Toilet) 40 1 40 120 4.88 Tube in Toilet 55 1 55 120 6.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 355.2 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




FACULTY ROOM-II ( R-302)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 120 52.82 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 120 723 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1204 Personal Comp. 300 7 2100 100 21 Total Energy consumption per month = 265.8 kWh

ACCOUNTS SECTIONThis room is highly utilized area. Two accountants occupy this room for at

least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are being run for 6 x 5 x 4 =120 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 4 220 120 26.42 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 120 183 Table Fan 60 2 120 120 14.44 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 120 725 Printer 250 2 500 4 2 Total Energy consumption per month = 132.8 kWh

FACULTY ROOM-IIIThis room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 120 52.82 Table Fan 60 2 120 120 14.43 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 120 94 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1205 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 616 Printer 250 1 250 4 1 Total Energy consumption per month = 230.8 kWh

ROOM FOR COLLEGE REGISTRAR & FACULTYThis office is also a highly utilized area. Office opens at 10.00 a.m. and closes at 4.00 p.m. for 5 days per week. So most of the appliances are being run for 5 x 5 x 4=100 hours per month.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 4 220 100 222 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 100 7.53 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 80 244 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 100 1005 Printer 250 2 250 2 0.5 Total Energy consumption per month = 154 kWh

DSP & VLSI LAB R-301As per routine of the college 12 hours per week is allotted for this practical class room. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 48 hours. So most of the appliances are being run for 48 hours per month. Out of total 28

nos. of PC 14 are run at a time for 12 hours per week.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 14 770 48 372 Ceiling Fan 75 7 525 48 25.23 Personal Comp. 300 28 8400 48 201.64 Split Type A.C. 2000 2 4000 48 1925 Exhaust Fan 40 1 40 120 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 460.6 kWh

FACULTY ROOM-IV( In front of stair case)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room

for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. i.e.120 hours per month.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 8 440 120 52.82 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 120 93 Table fan 60 3 180 120 10.84 Split Type A.C. 2000 1 2000 100 2005 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 100 1206 Printer 250 1 250 4 1 Total Energy consumption per month = 400.8 kWhTotal average Electrical Energy consumption per month due to the appliances in the second floor is (189.2 + 72 + 133.2 x 4 + 47.52 + 175.2 + 5.3 + 265.8 + 58.8 + 204.4 + 154 + 259 + 400.8 + 180 + 2 + 201.6 ) kWh = 2820.42 kWh

1.Lighting load: ( 660 + 220 + 660 + 990 + 660 + 660 + 385 + 660 + 264 + 440 + 220 x 3 + 770 + 440 ) = 7469 W

2. Fan load: ( 510 + 80 + 450 X 3 + 360 + 40 + 450 + 600 + 270 + 195 + 75 + 565 + 255) = 4750 Watt

3. Air conditioning load: 10,000 W

4. PC, Printers, Xerox Machine, Fax etc: ( 600 + 200 + 1500 + 2100 + 1100 + 850 +550 + 8400 + 2200 ) = 17,500 W

Total connected load in the Second Floor: ( 7469 + 4750 + 10,000 + 17,500) = 39,719 Watt = 40 kW ( approx)

LOAD & ELECT. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER MONTH FOR 3rd FLOOR

FACULTY ROOM-ECE ( In front of North Side stair case)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room

for at least 7 hours a day for 5 days in a week. i.e.140 hours per month.Sl no



Number ofequipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 3 165 140 23.12 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 140 213 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 140 1404 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 140 84 Total Energy consumption per month = 268.1 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 140 46.22 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 140 46.2 Total Energy consumption per month = 109.2 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 7 385 140 53.92 Ceiling Fan 75 9 675 140 94.5 Total Energy consumption per month = 148.4 kWh

LIGHTS FOR CORRIDOR AND PORTICO Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Corridor,Tube Lt 55 18 990 48 47.522 Portico, CFL 11 24 264 20 5.3 Total Energy consumption per month = 52.82 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)


Energy consumptionper month(kWh)

1 Tube light 55 12 660 140 92.42 Ceiling Fan 75 6 450 140 63 Total Energy consumption per month = 155. kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




MATHEMATICS FACULTY ROOM ( R-406)This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 6 hours a day for 5 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 120 39.62 Ceiling Fan 75 3 225 120 274 Personal Comp. 300 6 1800 100 18

5 Printer 250 1 250 2 0.56 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 120 1207 Exhst fan(Toilet) 40 1 40 120 4.88 Tube in Toilet 55 1 55 120 6.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 216.7 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)





Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




INDUSTRAL ENGINEERING LAB(R-402)As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical

class room. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. Out of total 15 nos. of lab set ups 10 are run at a time with 10Watt capacity each.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 12 660 24 15.842 Ceiling Fan 75 7 525 24 12.63 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 100 304 Lab set up 20 15 300 10 X 20 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 63.24 kWh

TRAINING & PLACEMENT CELLThis room is highly utilized area. Two placement personnel occupy this room for at least 8 hours a day for 6 days in a week. So most of the appliances are

being run for 8 x 6 x 4 = 192 hours per month.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 192 63.362 Ceiling Fan 75 2 150 192 28.83 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 192 1924 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 605 Printer 250 1 250 4 1 Total Energy consumption per month = 345.16 kWh

EDGE ROOM FOR STUDENTS( In front of Southside stair case)This room is used by the students of Techno India provided with Internet

facility for carrying out, develop & practice different kinds of softwares related with Robotics, Games etc.This room is used for least 4 hours a day for 6 days

in a week. i.e.96 hours per month.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 6 330 96 31.682 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 96 7.23 Table fan 60 3 180 96 17.284 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 96 57.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 113.68 kWh

TELEMETRY & REMOTE CONTROL LAB ( R-401)As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical

class room. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. Total 8 nos. of laboratory set ups of 20 Watt capacity are run.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 16 880 24 21.122 Ceiling Fan 75 4 300 24 7.23 Lab. Set ups. 20 8 160 24 0.32 Total Energy consumption per month = 28.64kWh

Total average Electrical Energy consumption per month due to the appliances in the Third Floor is (268.1 + 109.2 + 148.4 + 47.52 + 155.4 + 72 + 216.7 + 147.7 + 155.4 + 155.4 + 63.24 + 345.16 + 113.68 + 28.64 ) kWh = 2026.54 kWh

1.Lighting load: ( 165 + 330 + 385 + 990 + 660 + 220 + 330 + 605 + 264 + 660 + 660 + 330 + 385 + 880 ) = 6864 W

2. Fan load: ( 150 + 450 + 675 + 450 + 120 + 225 + 450 + 450 + 450 + 525 + 150 + 75 + 180 + 300 ) = 4650 W


4. PC, Printers, Xerox Machine, Fax etc: ( 600 + 2050 + 300 + 200 + 850 + 600 ) = 4,600 W

Total connected load in the Second Floor: ( 6864 + 4650 + 2000 + 4600) = 18,114 Watt = 18.1 kW ( approx)

LOAD & ELECT. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER MONTH FOR 4th FLOORThis floor is built on temporary structure and has a roof with corrugated tin

sheets with a false roof. Heat radiated by sun during the daytime gets trapped between the false roof & tin shed. All the rooms are provided with A.C.

machine to keep the room temperature within tolerable limit. There is no theory class room in this floor and almost all the laboratory rooms are used

for sitting the faculties as well as lab assistants.

LIGHTS FOR CORRIDOR Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Corridor,Tube Lt 55 15 825 48 39.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 39.6 kWh

ROOM NO. 501 (MICROWAVE LAB- I )

As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. There are total 10 number of set ups of 20 W capacity. .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Ceiling Fan 75 10 750 100 752 Light ( CFL) 22 45 990 100 993 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 100 1004 Lab set up 20 10 200 24 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 278.8 kWh

ROOM NO. 502 (FACULTY ROOM-ECE)As per requirement of the college faculties sit here stay almost 48 hours per week.So total hours of usage of this room per month is 192 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Table Fan 60 3 180 192 34.562 Tube Light 55 3 165 192 31.683 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 192 1924 Personal Comp. 300 3 900 192 172.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 431.04 kWh

ROOM NO. 503 (MICROWAVE LAB-II)

As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. There are total 7 number of set ups of 20 Watt capacity. .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 100 602 Light ( CFL) 22 18 396 100 39.63 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 100 1004 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 605 Lab set up 20 7 140 24 3.36 Total Energy consumption per month = 262.96 kWh

ROOM NO. 504 ( DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB )As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. There are total 10 number of set ups of 20 Watt capacity. .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 100 602 Light ( CFL) 22 18 396 100 39.63 Window A.C. 1000 2 2000 100 2004 Lab set up 20 10 200 24 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 304.4 kWh

ROOM NO. 505 ( MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER LAB )As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. There are total 10 number of set ups of 20 Watt capacity. .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




ROOM NO. 506 ( ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT LAB )As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours. There are total 10 number of set ups of 20 Watt capacity. .

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)




ELECTRONICS FACULTY ROOM ( R-407 )This room is highly utilized area. Faculties are present and occupy this room for at least 8 hours a day for 6 days in a week. So most of the appliances are




Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Light ( CFL ) 22 18 396 192 76.032 Ceiling Fan 75 1 75 192 14.43 Table Fan 60 3 180 150 274 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 100 1205 Printer 250 1 250 4 16 Window A.C. 1000 1 1000 192 1927 Exhst fan(Toilet) 40 1 40 120 4.88 Tube in Toilet 55 1 55 120 6.6 Total Energy consumption per month = 430.43 kWh

ROOM NO. 508 (ADVANCED COMMUNICATION LAB )As per routine of the college 6 hours per week is allotted for this practical class. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 24 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 150 902 Light ( CFL) 22 27 297 192 57.033 Window A.C. 1000 2 2000 192 3844 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 605 Lab set up 20 10 200 24 4.8 Total Energy consumption per month = 595.83 kWh

ROOM NO. 509 ( COMMUNICATION LAB )This practical class room is also used as faculty room, so different appliances are run for different duration. A judicious average study has been made to calculate the Electrical Energy consumption..

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Ceiling Fan 75 8 600 150 902 Light ( CFL) 22 27 297 192 993 Window A.C. 1000 2 2000 192 3844 Personal Comp. 300 2 600 100 604 Lab set up 20 10 200 30 6 Total Energy consumption per month = 597.03 kWh

ROOM NO. 510 (FACULTY ROOM-ECE)

As per requirement of the college faculties sit here stay almost 48 hours per week. So total hours of usage of this room per month is 192 hours.

Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Table Fan 60 4 240 100 242 Tube Light 55 3 165 192 31.683 Split Type A.C. 2000 1 2000 100 2004 Personal Comp. 300 4 1200 100 120 Total Energy consumption per month = 375.68 kWh


Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Tube light 55 4 220 192 42.243 Exhaust Fan 40 2 80 192 15.36 Total Energy consumption per month = 57.6 kWh

ROOM NO.511 (BASIC ELECTRONICS ENGG. LAB)This practical class room is also used as faculty room, so different appliances

are run for different duration. A judicious average study has been made to calculate the Electrical Energy consumption. There are total 15 numbers of

lab set ups out of which 10 are run at a time with 20 Watt capacity.Sl no



Number of equipment

Connected load (W)



1 Light (CFL) 22 6 132 192 542 Ceiling Fan 75 10 750 72 25.343 Personal Comp. 300 1 300 100 304 Lab set up 20W X 15 10 300 72 14.4 Total Energy consumption per month = 123.74 kWh

Total average Electrical Energy consumption per month due to the appliances in the Fourth Floor is (39.6 + 278.8 + 431.04 + 262.96 + 304.4 X 3 + 430.43 + 595.83 + 597.03 + 375.68 + 57.6 + 123.74) kWh = 4105.9 kWh = 4106 kWh ( approx)

1. Lighting load: ( 825 + 990 + 165 + 396 X 5 + 297 X 2 + 165 + 220 + 132 ) = 5071 W

2. Fan load: ( 750 + 180 + 600 X 6 + 255 + 240 + 80 + 750 ) = 5855 Watt


4. PC, Printers, Xerox Machine, Fax etc: ( 200 + 900 + 600 + 300 + 200 + 200 + 200 + 1450 + 600 + 600 + 1200 + 300 + 300 ) = 7,050 W

Total connected load in the Fourth Floor: ( 5071 + 5855 + 16,000 + 7050 ) = 33,976 Watt = 34 kW ( approx)

TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD FOR DIFFERENT USAGE( IN WATT)LIGHTING FAN LOAD AIRCONDITIONER P.C., Lab, Printer

Ground Floor 26269 10245 5000 92165

First Floor 6050 5190 7000 28400

Second Floor 7469 4750 10000 17500

Third Floor 6864 4650 2000 4600

Fourth Floor 5071 5855 16000 7050

TOTAL 51723 30690 40000 149715Percentage

LIGHTING 51723 19%

TOTAL CONNECTED LOAD:2,72,128W

FAN LOAD 30690 11.3%

AIRCONDITIONER 40000 14.7%

P.C., Lab, Printer 149715 55%

LOAD DISTRIBUTION

19%

11%

15%

55%

LIGHTING

FAN LOAD

AIRCONDITIONER

P.C., Lab, Printer

Typical daily Electrical Energy Consumption in January, 2010Feeder - I Feeder - II

St. Rdg

Final Rdg Net kWh

St. Rdg

Final Rdg Net kWh

Total kWh

1.1.2010 854165 854285 120 242320 242560 240 3602.1.2010 854285 854419 134 242560 242800 240 3744.1.2010 854419 854577 158 242800 243100 300 4585.1.2010 854577 854705 128 243100 243350 250 3786.1.2010 854705 854844 139 243350 243580 230 3698.1.2010 854844 855295 451 243580 244300 720 11719.1.2010 855295 855505 219 244300 244550 250 460

11.1.2010 855505 855727 222 244550 244880 330 55212.1.2010 855727 855868 141 244880 245090 210 35113.1.2010 855868 855932 64 245090 245190 100 16415.1.2010 855932 856099 167 245190 245470 280 44716.1.2010 856099 856192 93 245470 245700 230 32318.1.2010 856192 856351 159 245700 246020 320 47919.1.2010 856351 856426 75 246020 246136 116 19120.1.2010 856426 856523 97 246136 246310 174 27121.1.2010 856523 856587 64 246310 246420 110 17425.1.2010 856587 856935 348 246420 247070 650 99827.1.2010 856935 857089 154 247070 247340 270 42428.1.2010 857089 857256 167 247340 247670 330 49729.1.2010 857256 857429 173 247670 247812 142 31530.1.2010 857429 857545 116 247812 248120 308 424

TOTAL3380 KwH

5800 KwH

9180 KwH

Typical daily Electrical Energy Consumption in April, 2010Feeder - I Feeder - II

St. Rdg

Final Rdg

Net kWh

St. Rdg

Final Rdg Net kWh

Total kWh

1.4.2010 869103 869351 248 279340 279800 460 7082.4.2010 869351 869561 210 279800 281000 1200 14105.4.2010 869561 870095 534 281000 282230 1230 17646.4.2010 870095 870409 314 282230 284120 1890 22047.4.2010 870409 870687 278 284120 284490 370 6488.4.2010 870687 870961 274 284490 285420 930 12049.4.2010 870961 871318 357 285420 286690 1270 1627

10.4.2010 871318 871579 261 286690 286990 300 56112.4.2010 871579 872067 488 286990 288390 1400 188814.4.2010 872067 872515 448 288390 290100 1710 215816.4.2010 872515 872807 292 290100 290640 540 83217.4.2010 872807 873078 271 290640 291630 990 126119.4.2010 873078 873516 438 291630 293200 1570 200820.4.2010 873516 873801 285 293200 294370 1170 145521.4.2010 873801 874062 261 294370 295310 940 120122.4.2010 874062 874329 267 295310 296480 1170 1437

Benchmarking is a method which should be used on a continual basis as best practices are always evolving. Benchmarking of energy consumption is a powerful tool for performance assessment and logical evolution of avenues for improvement. Historical data, well documented, helps tobring out energy consumption and cost trends month-wise / daily. Trend analysis of energy consumption, cost, relevant production features, specific energy consumption, help to understand effects of capacity utilization on energy use efficiency and costs on a broader scale. The basis for benchmarking the energy consumption at Techno India College is energy consumed per person (includes teaching staff and students). The benchmarking parameters here are,Departmental energy performancekWh consumed per m2 of area andkWh consumed per capita

ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL

1. (a)Elimination of Wastages: During load survey for last few months it is observed that all Theory Classrooms are normally used up to 3.00 p.m. But for floor and room cleaning agency who are assigned to clean and lock the classrooms come at 4 p.m.. During this one hour may be slightly less but if some other time is taken into account one complete hour all the appliances in the classroom are run when the room is unoccupied. This one hour wastage can be avoided if every room is provided with a small MCB beside the main entrance door so that all the appliances can be put off by any faculty or student leaving the room last. Calculation of saving in Electrical Energy is as under. There are total 16 Classrooms in this building and connected load is 16,755 W.So monthly electrical energy saving is 16,755 X 1 X 20 Watt-hour = 335.1 kWh. Yearly Energy saving is 335.1 X 12 = 4021.2 kWh. Cost of Energy = 4021.2 X Rs.5.33 = Rs.21,433/- Cost of 16 numbers of MCB is Rs.80 X 16 = Rs.1280. Net saving per year Rs.21,433/ - Rs.1280/- = Rs.20,153/- and pay back period is hardly 20 days of full operation that is one month.

(b) It has been observed that in all the toilets Lights and exhaust fans are on for 8 hours a day though it is not required. 50% of total load consumed can be saved without any effect on their performance. So energy saving potential is50 % of 57.6 X 5 X 12 = 1728 kWh per year. Cost of this energy is 1728 X Rs.5.33 = Rs.9210/-

2. By using energy saving appliances:Replacing the 55 Watt i.e. T12 Fluorescent Tube Lights in the Faculty Rooms and Laboratory rooms and using 36 Watt CFL which gives almost same luminous flux.

Existing Total Electrical Energy consumed by existing lights in 16 faculty rooms is 528 kWh per month and same for 13 numbers of Laboratories is 572 kWh. So total Energy spent on existing lights for those rooms are 1100 kWh.Whereas by new lights the Energy consumption will be 346 kWh and 375 kWh, gives a total figure of 721 kWh.

Net Electrical Energy saving for new lighting per month is (1100 – 721) kWh = 379 kWh per month. Annual saving is 379 X 12 = 4548 kWh .

Net amount saved is Rs.5.33 X 4548 = Rs. 24,241/- per year and cost of new installation is around Rs.20,000/-. So pay back period is around 10 months..

Therefore due the above recommendations a net yearly saving of Rs.53,604/-( Rupees Fifty Three Thousand Six Hundred Four Only)ENERGY CONSERVATION AND EFFICIENCYEnergy Management Structure

At Techno India Engineering College campus electrical power is received at 33 kV and it has two number of dry core transformer of 1.6 MVA. It has a substation with different feeders at 440 Volt. Each feeder is having separate energy meters since lot of Commercial customers are present here. It has a automatic Static Var controller due to which power factor is improved to 0.94. But all the activities like new installation, maintenance, repair etc are being managed by 3 ordinary electrician who are basically responsible for avoiding breakdown.

In order to streamline the use of energy in the Techno India College campus and to ensure its efficient utilization, I propose three possible energy management structures. A final decision on the type of energy management structure suitable for the institute should be taken by the Institute management.

(I) Appointment of an Energy Manager for the institute, with suitable experience and a proven track record. The person shall be responsible for the day to day energy conservation activities. New staff should be allotted to the Energy Manager or some staff members from Electrical Maintenance Section be made responsible to him/her. An annual review of the energy performance of the institute is to be performed and a certain percentage of the quantified savings be shared with the Energy Manager.(II) An electrical engineer should himself take over the responsibility of ensuring efficient energy use on the campus. This will ensure prompt

implementation of measures. This system may also require additional staff. Aperformance related incentive in the form of a bonus can be provided to theelectrical maintenance staff based on savings achieved.(III) Formation of an Institute level committee headed by the Dy. Director to review the implementation of energy conservation measures. All departments and section heads should submit a bi-annual report of compliance for review and action. Sections/ departments not achieving savings to be penalized and suitable incentives may be given to the performing departments.

An annual review of the implementation of the energy saving measures should be taken up and performance should be monitored. A report of the same should be sent to the Director, electrical energy consumption should be made a subject in the Institute budget with separate heads for departments. Energy performance can be a basis for providing incentives to the concerned departments.

REFERENCES:-

[1]. Sukhatme S.P., Solar Energy, Tata McGraw Hill Publ., New Delhi, 1996.

[2]. L.C.Witte, P.S.Schmidt, D.R.Brown, Industrial Energy Management and Utilisation, Hemisphere Publ, Washington, 1988.

[3]. W.C.Turner, Energy Management Handbook, Wiley, New York, 1982.

[4]. http://www.energymanagertraining.com/new_course.php)

[5]. US Government’s Energy Star page for fluorescent bulbs, http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm

[6]. George Mel & Jose Victor: Energy audit of IIT Bombay campus:2008:p-11

[7]. Typical lumen outputs and energy costs for outdoor lighting, www.nofs.navy.mil/about_NoFs/staff/cbl/lumentab.html

[8]. General Electric and lighting products, www.gelighting.com/na/home_lighting/products/energy_smart

[9]. Information on energy saver for room air conditioners, www.aircosaver.com

[10].Official website of the Bureau of Energy Efficiency, Govt. of India, www.beeindia.nic.in

[11]. Detailed information and case studies on energy audits, www.energymanagertraining.com

[12]. www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_audit

[13]. Website of the Ministry of Power, http://powermin.nic.in/distribution/energy_audit

[14]. The Energy Conservation Act, 2001, http://powermin.nic.in/acts_notification/energy_conservation_act/index.htm

Photograph of Techno India Engineering College

Photograph of Corridor

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Energy Audit in Techno India Engineering