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EEA REPORTING ACTIVITIES ON TOURISM AND ENVIROMENT
Tourism and Recreation - Europe's Environment: The Dobris Assessment (Chapter 25), Published: 31 Dec 1994
25.1 - Introduction25.2 - Key Concepts: Sustainable Tourism, Indicators and Carrying Capacities
25.3 - Environment Impacts of Tourism and Recreation25.3.1 - National parks and protected areas25.3.2 - Rural zones25.3.3 - Mountains25.3.3 1 - Skiing25.3.3.2 - Summer tourism activities25.3.4 - Coastal areas25.3.5 - Cities and heritage sites25.3.6 - Theme and leasure parks
25.4 - Outlook25.4.1 - Main determining factors25.4.1.1 - Economic conditions25.4.1.2 - Increased leisure time25.4.1.3 - Demographic factors25.4.1.4 - Socio-cultural factors25.4.1.5 - Increased environmental awareness25.4.1.6 - Reduction in the cost of travel
25.4.2 - Types of tourism25.4.2.1 - Mass tourism25.4.2.2 - Activity-based tourism25.4.2.3 - Eco-tourism
25.4.3 - Regional trends25.4.3.1 - Central and Eastern Europe25.4.3.2 - The Mediterranean basin25.4.3.3 - Alpine areas25.4.3.4 - Northern European wilderness areas
25.5 - Managing for Sustainable Tourism25.6 - Conclusions
Overview of the pan-European situation with regard to tourism and recreation and highlights local differences.
The impacts of tourism and recreation are assessed in six key settings: - protected areas; - rural zones; - mountains; - coastal areas; - cities and heritage sites; - theme and leisure parks.
General trends are presented using data from the World Tourism Organization, but since tourism statistics do not adequately reflect the pressures of tourism and recreation on the environment, a case-by-case approach using national or local data is adopted.
Key messages:- tourism is one of the most important social and economic activities in the EU- its impacts are exacerbated by the concentration of tourist activity into short holiday seasons and relatively small areas- the environmental impacts from skiing are considerable, especially in the Alps which receives 100 million tourists per year- the coastal Mediterranean received 157 million tourists in 1990- urban-based tourism is gaining popularity
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