ECTE333 - uow.edu.auphung/teach/ecte333/ECTE333-Lecture-12... · ADC. Lam Phung ECTE333 38/55 Practical exam: Advice Equipment for practice can be borrowed from: ... Exam appendix:

School of Electrical, Computer and Telecommunications EngineeringUniversity of Wollongong

Australia

ECTE333Lecture 12 – Revision

2018

2/55ECTE333Lam Phung

ECTE333’s scheduleWeek Lecture (2h) Tutorial (1h) Lab (2h)

1 L7: C programming for the Atmel AVR

2 L8: Serial communication (8.1) Tutorial 7 Lab 7

3 Serial communication (8.2, 8.3) Tutorial 8

4 L9: Interrupts and Timers Lab 8

5 No lecture

6 Tutorial 9 Lab 9

7 L10: Pulse width modulator

8 Tutorial 10 Lab 10

9 L11: Analogue-to-digital converter

10 Tutorial 11 Lab 11

11 L12: Revision lecture

12 Lab 12

13 No lecture (L13: Self-study guide)

Final exam (25%), Practical exam (19%), Labs (6%)


Lecture 12’s sequence

12.1 Review of key lecture contents

12.2 Practical Exam

12.3 Final Exam


ECTE333 Spring 2018 ─ Learning activities

L7: C programming

L8: Serial communication

L9: Interrupts and Timers

L10: Pulse-width modulator

L11: Analogue-to-digital converters

Lab 7

Lab 9

Lab 8

Lab 10

Lab 11

Lab 12 (all)

Tutorial 7

Tutorial 8

Tutorial 9

Tutorial 10

Tutorial 11

N13: Creating PCB (self-study guide)


Lecture 7: C programming for the ATMEL AVR

Overview of the major components in ATmega16

The C development environment for ATMEL AVRWinAVR and AVR Studio. Steps to use these tools.

Practice: Tutorial 7 and Lab 7.

Programming digital IO ports of ATmega 16 How to read and write to digital ports of ATmega16.

Review of C programming Program structure, data types, operators, flow-control, function.


Lecture 7: Example 1

Turning on LED by pressing a switch (Lab 7.3).



Using Digital IO ports for 4x3 keypad and 7-segment display (Lab 7.4)


Lecture 8: Serial Communications

Basics of serial communications Differentiate asynchronous versus synchronous. Baud rate, start bit, stop bit, parity bit. The RS232 standard. The null-modem connection.


Using serial port in ATmega16 How to initialise serial port. How to send/receive a character (video demo). How to send/receive formatted strings with stdio.h. How to use serial IO interrupts.



Bluetooth transmitter

ultrasound distance sensor

This device measures distance to the nearest obstacle, and transmits it via Bluetooth (serial communication).



Sending a character via serial port (Lab 8 – Task 1)



Receiving a character via serial port (Lab 8 – Task 2)



Sending serial commands to pan-tilt camera



3-D accelerometer Ultrasound distance sensor

GPS receiverZigBee TXATmega16

ZigBee interface to PC

A wireless sensor board, ECTE458 Thesis, Georges Alam, UOW.


Lecture 9: Interrupts and TimersInterrupt programming in C

Aware of available interrupts in ATmega16.

Describe five parts in a C interrupt-driven program.

Write programs for external interrupt and serial interrupt.


Timers in ATmega16

Overview of Timer 1.

Using timer overflow interrupt to measure time, create a delay?

Using input capture interrupt to measure period, pulse width?

Using timer’s external clock pin to count events?



Write a C interrupt-driven program to toggle port B whenever a switchon the STK500 board is pressed. The program should use an externalinterrupt.

Serial RXD interrupt16/55ECTE333Lam Phung


Write a C interrupt-driven program to toggle port B whenever a switchon the STK500 board is pressed. The program should use an externalinterrupt.

External interrupts



Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt: Turn on/off LEDs every 4 seconds18/55ECTE333Lam Phung


Timer 1 Input Capture Interrupt: Measuring period of a rectangular signal


Lecture 10: Pulse Width ModulatorGeneral introduction to output compareWhat is output compare for a typical microcontroller? For what tasks can output compare be used?


Output compare unit in ATmega16 Block diagram: relevant registers and output pins.What changes can be made to output compare pins?What are the differences between operation modes of Timer 1? Steps to use output compare to produce a custom waveform?

PWM signal Definitions related to PWM signal: period, frequency, duty cycle. How to create a PWM signal using output compare of ATmega16.



Generating music with PWM



Servo motor control using PWM signal22/55ECTE333Lam Phung


Bluetooth transmitterBluetooth transmitter

ATmega16ATmega16 Glove with 16 motors

Glove with 16 motors

This device is created by Phill Ogden (ECTE458) for assistive navigation.It receives commands from PC via Bluetooth, and controls vibrating motors.The PC analyses a 3-D scene using a Kinect camera.



Motors in a through-wall radar imaging system (UOW CSIP Research)24/55ECTE333Lam Phung


A scene behind a wall Output image with 2 targets

Motors in a through-wall radar imaging system (UOW CSIP Research)


Lecture 11: Analogue-to-Digital ConverterBasics about ADC Differentiate sampling/quantization, sampling theorem, minimum

sampling rate for a signal. Define reference voltage, step size, quantization error, sampling

time, conversion time, flash and successive-approximation ADC. Relation b/t digital output and analogue input of ADC (T11.5).


Using ADC unit in ATmega16 Relevant registers and input pins, How to configure ADC unit? How to start an ADC conversion? How to extract ADC digital output? How to use ADC interrupt? How to trigger ADC at regular intervals?



Joystick and pan-tilt camera



Using ADC to measure the lighting level (Lab 11.2)29/55ECTE333Lam Phung



12.2 Practical Exam

12.3 Final Exam


12.2 Practical exam

Worth: 19% of the annual subject.

Duration: 60 minutes.

Date: Check SOLS (tentatively Tuesday, 06/11/2018).

You will be required to complete an experimental task that involves setting up the circuit/equipment, writing a C program, testing the program.

Impromptu coding/designing is sometimes used in technical recruitment.


Practical exam

Allocated time slot:

You must attend the allocated time slot (Check SOLS).

ECTE333 Practical A: 09:30am - 10:30am.

ECTE333 Practical B: 11:30pm - 12:30pm.

ECTE333 Practical C: 13:30pm - 14:30pm.

ECTE333 Practical D: 15:30pm - 16:30pm.


Practical exam: Format


Practical exam: Instructions

Create your project files and C programs in folder ‘C:\VMShare’.

All files in this folder will be automatically collected at the end of the

exam for marking.

Name the Atmel Studio solution and C program using your student ID.

For example, for student number 01234567,

the main solution file is: 01234567.atsln,

the C program is: 01234567.c.


Practical exam: Marking

The practical exam will be marked out of 19, based on two criteria:

The C program works as required.

The C program is well documented (formatted and commented).

At the top of the program, add three C comments:

Comment 1: Explain circuit setup.

Comment 2: Summarise your test result.

Comment 3: If your program does not work, explain yourdebugging steps and possible sources of errors.


Practical exam: Permitted resources

Calculator, pen.

Spring Lab logbook – will be collected at the end of practical exam.

Online references, usually found at http://www.elec.uow.edu.au/avr/,

are available in folder ‘C:\ECTE333_Spring’.

This folder also includes:

lecture notes,

example code from lectures,

read_keypad.c


Practical exam: Permitted resources

http://www.elec.uow.edu.au/avr


Practical exam: Advice

To prepare well for the practical exam: Revise labs 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Study example programs given in the lectures and tutorials. Attempt practice problems.

The practical exam will cover: Digital IO (keypad, 7-segment display, switches, LEDs), Serial port, Interrupts, Timer 1 overflow, input capture, Timer 1 output compare, PWM, ADC.


Practical exam: Advice

Equipment for practice can be borrowed from: SECTE Store Officer (Brian), between 9:30am-2:30pm (Week 12).

To write code correctly and rapidly (within 1-hour limit). Start with a working program (from labs or lectures) that is most

relevant to the test task. Modify the code as necessary. Enter, compile, edit, and debug your code

part by part (a few lines at a time).


Consultation time for exams

2:30-4:30pm on Tuesday 30/10 or Wednesday 31/10/2018.

or send enquiries by e-mail,

or make appointment by e-mail.




12.2 Practical Exam

12.3 Final Exam


12.3 Final exam

Duration: 2 hours

Worth: 25% of the annual subject.

Number of questions: between 50 and 60.

Total marks: 50.

Contents: All lectures 7 to 11; all tutorials 7 to 11.

Exam appendix: Available in Moodle General Resources [PDF].

Date: Check SOLS (tentatively Saturday, 03/11/2018).


Final exam

Type 1: Multiple-choice questions, each worth 1 mark. Calculation, theory, and C programming.Write answer on the Computer Marking Sheet.

Type 2: Each question consists of 2-3 smaller questions. Include calculation, theory, and C programming.Write answer on the Examination Booklet (blank booklet).


Final exam

For theory & C programming questions: Understand the steps to use ATmega16 to perform a task.Write C code for a task. Revise the lecture notes. Study the examples and the summary of each lecture.

For calculation questions: Practice all tutorial questions, and pre-lab quizzes. Learn to determine register values. Attempt the example test papers (Test 1, Test 2, Test 3). The example test papers have a similar difficulty as the final exam.


Final exam

Keep track of time in final exam: You will be required to be fast.

Show steps in your answer.

Start the answer to each 1B, 2B, 3B, … on a new page (short-answers).

Write answers neatly.

If a question is not clear to you, make the necessary assumption, and state it in your answer.

Use bulleted points.

Read the question carefully.


Advice based on student experience

Don’t just write 8-bit register value. Show how each bit is determined.

Learn to use the Exam Appendix well.

Not so good:UCSRB = 0b00011000; // How quickly can you recheck?

00011000Register UCSRB RXCIE TXCIE UDRIE RXEN TXEN UCSZ2 RXB8 TXB8

Good:

(Table from Exam Appendix)



RX and TX pins of serial port must be explicitly enabled.

Differentiate sending and receiving a character via serial port.

Use a correct register name for digital IO: DDRx, PINx, PORTx.

Set baud rate correctly by writing to UBRRH and UBRRL.

Configure pins correctly for input or output.



Use prescaler if values are too large for 16-bit register ICR1, OCR1A.

The PWM mode must be correctly selected (use the table).

Clock source must be explicitly specified.

Select ADC channel by writing ADMUX correctly.

Determine TCCR1A, TCCR1B, ICR1 correctly.

Get the 10-bit digital output from ADCL/ADCH depending on alignment.

Write correct C code to check if an ADC operation is completed.


Good luck for your revision and exam.Looking forward to seeing you in the fourth year.

Documents

ECTE333 - uow.edu.auphung/teach/ecte333/ECTE333-Lecture-12... · ADC. Lam Phung ECTE333 38/55 Practical exam: Advice Equipment for practice can be borrowed from: ... Exam appendix: