Dynamic Supply Chains and Crowdsourcing · 2016-03-18 · 25. Februar 2016 Klumpp, LDIC 2016, University of Bremen 3 Dynamic Supply Chains and Crowdsourcing Croudsourcing (CS) applications

Dynamic Supply Chains and

Crowdsourcing

Matthias Klumpp

University of Twente, IEBIS & FOM University of Applied Sciences, ild

2 Klumpp, LDIC 2016, University of Bremen 25. Februar 2016

Agenda

1. Introduction

2. Conceptual Framework

3. Case Study E-Mobility

4. Application Area Logistics Training

5. Outlook: Humanitarian Logistics

Dynamic Supply Chains and Crowdsourcing



Croudsourcing (CS) applications in logistics:

Increased interest with technology implementation and spread

(Berrang-Ford and Garton, 2013; Bowen, 2012)

Applications moving to service industries such as health & banking

(Prpić, 2015; Smith and Merchant, 2015; Lisha and Hongjie, 2015)

Assumption: CS can improve logistics to become more efficient and

effective facing new requirements: sustainability, flexibility, security

(Barbier et al., 2012; Pitt et al., 2011; Heipke, 2010; Munro, 2013)

Special interest due to demographic change and increasingly limited

access to human resources and knowledge for logistics (Zijm and

Douma, 2012; Fugate et al. 2012; Woxenius and Sjöstedt, 2003)

1. Introduction




Usually higher innovation rates and lower costs are connected to

CS concepts in different industries as the advantages of

crowdsourcing are manifold.

But especially for logistics the characteristics of long distance and

distributed search for contributors, data or solutions (Afuah and

Tucci, 2013) may be interesting due to the already global and

distributed nature of today’s supply chains.

1. Introduction

The research question : “Can the assumption be sustained that

there will be significant and suitable application areas for

crowdsourcing in logistics?”



2. Conceptual Framework

Flexibility

Security

Sustainability Scalability

Economic viability

Specific requirements

of logistics:

The electric mobility case:

Electric mobility as a major new development in personal as well as

cargo transport green logistics (Davis and Figliozzi, 2013;

Augenstein, 2015)

Advantages: Potential reductions in raw energy consumption and

(local) emissions as well as noise reduction in urban areas

(Pallas et al., 2014; Hurley et al., 2012)

For e-vehicles used in logistics i.e. CS applications for an efficient

use of this new propulsion technology for sustainability and also long-

term cost reasons are in high demand

Example: “SignalGuru” application developed at MIT for a

communication among smartphones in vehicles identifying green

waves and optimal driving strategies (Koukoumidis et al., 2011)







Efficient

driving &

traffic Information

sourcing

Decision

advice Data

streaming

Flexibility

Security


Economic viability






Creation of knowledge and cataloging: Matching crowd characteristics

Example Wikipedia: 30 million articles in 280 languages by volunteers

Web technologies are transforming the learning and knowledge sector

(e.g. Corneli & Mikroyannidis, 2005): “shared context in motion”:


SECI model by

Eerola and Jorgensen (2002, p.12)

Flexibility

Security


Economic viability




Logistics

Training

MARTINA

research project



Application area disaster relief management, conditions (I):

Smartphone data connections as crowdsourcing element could be

used due to specific situations and needs in humanitarian logistics

Often no fixed-line communications infrastructure

Short text and information messages in app communications can be a

lighter load on communications infrastructure

People may be available as supporters for humanitarian processes, but

with low experience and competence levels regarding logistics

Detailed information necessary in order to coordinate the processes of

disaster relief, based on hands-on information on the ground

Exact region and geographical dimensions of impacts of disasters

are unknown – possible of evenly distributed smartphone users





Example Nepal (25.04.2015): Donations UK (79), DE (68), NL (25), NO (14)



Application area disaster relief management, functionalities (II):

Health measurement and monitoring via smartphone applications in

order to organize and steer optimized medical relief transports

(i.e. detecting contagions like cholera in disaster areas earlier)

Snapshot evaluation of (smart)phone networks before and after

disaster timeframes in order to locate missing persons by “missing

mobile phone signatures”

Using smartphone QR scanners instead of fixed barcode or RFID

scanners for logistics operations in disaster

areas by a standardized application (app)

Organize and communication of donations

and help (example Nepal)

Support missing persons search: social media




Conclusions

Case study regarding electric vehicles & two further application areas

showed the potential of crowdsourcing solutions

Future application areas in logistics can be expected especially in

special fields i.e. city and last-mile logistics

Further research suggested:

- Which factors and restrictions apply to an investment calculation regarding

crowdsourcing applications in logistics?

- How can mass payment systems and processes be established in order to

support the very detailed and sometimes low-value activities in logistics?

- Which interaction areas can be established for e-commerce and city logistics

applications as “natural habitat” areas of crowdsourcing?

- By which concepts and applications can the important procedures of data

and privacy protection be enabled in crowdsourcing applications in

logistics?

5. Outlook




Interesting areas for CS in logistics have been identified –

surprisingly more on the “soft” side of information and support

gathering than on the “hard” side of physical transportation.

CS applications bring increasing investment and qualification /

technology requirements for modern logistics companies and agile

supply chain design – but are possibly rewarding besides business

advantages in marketing and image.

5. Outlook

The research answer: “Yes, the assumption can be sustained

that there will be significant and suitable application areas for

crowdsourcing in logistics.”

Thank you for your attention.

Dynamic Supply Chains and

Crowdsourcing

Matthias Klumpp

Contact: [email protected]; Phone +49 201 81004 554

mailto:[email protected]



Flexibility

Security


Economic viability



ANNEX: Why crowdsourcing won‘t replace transportation:

Possibly

sustainable,

but

depending on

extra miles of

freelancers

Possible –

but how to

‚steer‘

develop-

ment with n

freelancers?

No flexibility:

Needs

professional

dedication, no

freelancers

Extra cost:

fixed cost

for own

fleet still

there

‚Uber

problem‘:

How to

establish

security with

freelancers?

Documents

Dynamic Supply Chains and Crowdsourcing · 2016-03-18 · 25. Februar 2016 Klumpp, LDIC 2016, University of Bremen 3 Dynamic Supply Chains and Crowdsourcing Croudsourcing (CS) applications