DSA Feb-2012

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FEBRUARY 2012

SAARC COUNTRIES : US$ 20

REST OF THE WORLD : US$ 25

9 7 7 0 9 7 6 2 0 6 0 0 3

I S S N 0 9 7 6 - 2 0 6 X

`VOLUME 3 ISSUE 5

INDIA : 120

AND CR AFTING A VIBRANT DEFENCE INDUS TRIAL BASE

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do--h

W

hen the Chief of Army Staff goes to the Supreme Court it reflects poorly on the functioning of the Ministryof Defence and in particular its Minister. The matter has been in public domain for the longest time and itsdetails are available to all and sundry. The interpretation of the details, or facts, is, however, the issue that

occupies most of the minds. Those inclined in a particular direction will choose to interpret them in their own peculiarmanner. And likewise for those inclined in the other direction. What has remained sadly unaddressed is the long termerosion of Army institutions, their sanctity and significance in military governance.

By its actions, or inaction, the Ministry of Defence has demonstrated a scant regard for the primacy of Armyfunctioning, the inviolability of practice and a deep motivation to achieve an end result no matter what the routetaken. It is commonly known in militaries around the world that the sole custodian of personnel information is theAdjutant Generals Branch. And likewise, the sole authority for military promotions and postings is theMilitary Secretarys Branch. The area of responsibility for both is clearly delineated and neither can encroach on theothers domain. But that was until the Ministry of Defence and the Government of India decided otherwise. For it hada preconceived end result in mind and the methods employed to achieve that result notwithstanding. The result of allthis machination is that the MS Branch is now regarded as the sole authority on personal information of officers, or inthis case that of the Chief of Army Staff.

The Government of India would like the Chief of Army Staff to retire in May 2012. The Chief of Army Staff would liketo have his year of birth clarified, for one document suggests 1950 and others have 1951. He is not the first officer to havethis problem, and going by the actions of the Government of India he will not be the last. Instead of rectifying clericaland administrative errors in Army HQs, the Ministry of Defence has done everything in its powers to perpetuate thediscrepancies. For all its actions have been motivated by one thought and one thought alone - retirement in May 2012.If it was administrative efficiency and institutional sanctity, then the actions would have led to clearing up this messand many others that exist.

The actions, on the other hand, have kept alive a malaise in the functioning of the Ministry of Defence that is detrimentalto national security and military effectiveness. From the inexplicable cancellation of the Eurocopter contract, to thevarious 155 mm non-deals, to this extraordinary interest in a date of birth, the Minister of Defence is solely responsible.His image of financial integrity notwithstanding, the actions and intrusiveness speak of a lack of sensitivity that is notexpected of a minister of his exalted stature. The Chief of Army Staff may or may not get relief from the Supreme Court

for that is a secondary matter in the larger picture. The image of military institutions has already taken a severe beatingand for that the ministry is wholly responsible.

manvendra singh

February 2012 Defence AnD security Alert 1

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4 February 2012 Defence AnD security Alert February 2012 Defence AnD security Alert 5

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Ajit Doval, KC

India urgently needs to strengthen and streamline the complex regimenof defence production and research comprising of 39 Ordnance Factories,eight Defence Public Sector Undertakings (DPSUs), 50 laboratories underthe Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), host ofresearch units working in ordnance factories / DPSUs and widely dispersedprivate sector players. Some of the bigger private sector outfits likeLarsen and Toubro, Mahindra Defence Systems, Pipavav Shipyard,Tata Advanced Systems Limited etc. have displayed willingness to get integratedwith this eco-system and contribute their share to augment Indias defencepreparedness. They are also willing to upgrade their manufacturing facilitiesand undertake research and development work provided they are assuredof sustained orders and provided R and D costs are shared and internationalmarketing opportunities are allowed to be created. Vision, convergence, speed andde-bureaucratisation of defence production and technology development shouldbe the guiding Mantra of India in the coming decades.

Indias Defence ProductionandResearch:Need for Transformational Upgradation

iter is former Director of

ence Bureau. He is very

regarded in professional

and writes extensively

curity issues. Currently

he Director, Vivekanand

ational Foundation, a

g think tank on defence

curity issues in India.

HArnessinG tHe POtentiAl

transformed setting the

y enjoys advantages

vailability of investible

, accessibility to earlier

dual technologies,

gness for cooperation

llaboration by defence

tion giants - particularly

he West in the wake

economic downturn.

today has a scientific

nity that is globally

itive and a pool of

manpower with long

of experience and

edge relating to Defence

ries. Politically, there

bi-partisan consensus

ndia should reduce its

dability on imported

n systems to the extent

le


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The Looming Crisis in Iran: Impact on Indias Energy Security?

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aom

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Lt Gen R K Nanavatty

YSM, AVSM, VSM (retd)

The following article is selectively excerpted from acomprehensive thesis written by Lt Gen R K Nanavatty, ahighly respected professional and former Army CommanderNorthern Command in the critical period when it dealt a deathblow to terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir. A combat hardenedveteran who also led CI / CT operations in Sri Lanka andthe north-east, he brings to bear his considerable operationalexperience on to this study of a Joint civil-military doctrine forInternal Armed Conflict. He raises some extremely pertinentissues that merit serious reflection, namely:

India has traditionally done Conflict Management and not Conflict

Resolution in its CI / CT operations. Only two conflicts Mizoram and

Punjab were successfully resolved. The rest putter on. Should we now sethigher aims that seek Conflict Resolution as the desired end state?

Given the rising lethality of internal conflict, should we change from

the use of Minimum force to Proportional force?

Lastly, why should Internal Security be a secondary task, when most

of the time the Army has to face this challenge? For the Chinese PLA, it is

one of the tasks that carry equal weight. He highlights the imperative need

for a Whole of the Government Approach. His thesis is an invaluable

document that needs to be widely studied and disseminated.

FOR INTERNAL ARMED CONFLICTriter has commanded a

e in the Siachen Glacier,

ion on the LC in Jammu

ashmir, a Corps in the

east and nally the

gious Northern Army

me when death blows

nicted on the Kashmiri

sts. He is a highly

ed eld commander andough professional.

rOle Of tHe ArMy

ortunately, in our

y the Army categorises

al Security as a Secondary

t seeks to focus on

al conventional conflict

after nuclearisation is

g increasingly rare). By

ing Internal Security

condary role the Army

ingly relegates its crucial

ance and it results in a

preparation and adhoc

ses. A pernicious myth

een propogated that

operations detract from

ncy in the primary role.

ng could be further from

th. 8 Mountain Division

has had near continuous

ement in CI operations,

med much better than

untain Division in the

war and quickly adapted

switched to regular

ons


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CIVIL MILITARY RELATIONS IN INDIA:

THE QUEST FOR SYNERGY

Maj Gen (Dr) G D Bakshi

SM, VSM (retd)

systeMic MAlAise

The last time around that such high levels of dissonance had beenseen in the civil-military interface, was just prior to the 1962 Warwith China. The Thimayya-Menon spat was the outer symptom ofa far deeper systemic malaise. The problem in India has been thatthe state had tried to craft for itself a narrative of exceptionalismat the time of its inception. Even though it joined the Westphaliansystem of nation states based on hard power, it tried to craft for itselfa soft-power narrative that said it was a state with a difference; thatit had been formed by a non-violent struggle based onAhimsa andpeaceful non-cooperation. The armed forces and their hard powerwas simply not needed. This neglect resulted in the disaster of1962. All that changed radically in the Indira Gandhi era when theIndian state returned to realism and achieved a peak of synergy andcoordination. This yielded the most spectacular victory in the lasttwo millennia. Some 40 years after that peak we are seemingly backto the pre 1962 era of a new neo-liberalism, this time based on aneconomy is all outlook and a conviction that post nuclearisation,armed forces and conventional wars are just not needed.

The writer is a combat

veteran of many skirmishes

on the Line of Control and

counter-terrorist operations

in Jammu and Kashmir and

Punjab. He subsequently

commanded the reputed

Romeo Force during intensive

counter-terrorist operations in

the Rajouri-Poonch districts.He has served two tenures

at the highly prestigious

DirectorateGeneral of MilitaryOperations. He is a prolic

writer on matters military

and non-military and has

published 24 books and

over 100 papers in many

prestigious research journals.

He is also Executive Editor of

Defence and Security Alert

(DSA) magazine.

However, it is equallyessential that economic

prowess be translated into hard

and usable military power.

Otherwise India will end up

as an effete economic giant

like Germany or Japan, who

have little power to influence

outcomes in the real world.

They are pathetically dependent

upon the hard power umbrella

of the USA. Despite our big

power pretensions, Pakistan

has been pushing us around

South Asia. It has subjected us

to a vicious asymmetric assault

now for three decades that has

gone unpunished, so far. It

wants Kashmir settled on its

own terms; and it wants India to

be completely marginalised in

Afghanistan and Central Asia.

It wants to reduce Afghanistan

to a colony and it expects India

to give it a free hand to shape

the post-American withdrawal

dispensation in Kabul


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defences and then dash into its territory at a fast pace and denying him to regroup and launch a counter-assault.

Realising that night blindness was a crucial operational gap India started the process of equipping its tanks with nightvision devices more than 15 years back and invited global tenders. Israel, Russia and France emerged as the main contenders.Contracts were signed with the successful companies for night vision devices.

The Army has three classes of frontline tanks including T-72, T-90 andArjun. While the first two tanks are of Russian origin,Arjun main battle tank is indigenously designed and manufactured and the Army at present has 124Arjun tanks and may orderfor another 120.

India To Buy 42 Upgraded Sukhoi SU-30 MKIs

After negotiating for more than a year, India has firmed up an order with Russiafor the purchase of 42 upgraded Sukhoi-30 MKIaircraft to strengthen its agingfleet.

While the Cabinet Committee on Security had taken a decision on buying 42additional Sukhoi MKIs last year, negotiations have taken longer because India was alsokeen to include some of the features found in fifth generation fighter aircraft. Finally,the Russian side agreed to upgrade the SU-30 MKIs to its latest version known as SuperSukhoi with additional characteristics.

The new version is expected to include a new cockpit, upgraded radar and certainstealth features to avoid radar detection. Significantly, the upgraded Sukhoi-30 MKIs will be able to carry a heavier weaponsload, especially the airborne version of the BrahMos cruise missile. India is also looking to upgrade most of its SU-30 MKIs inthe long run.

While Russia may have lost out in the Medium Multi-Role Combat Aircraft deal because of not being able to offer certainadditional features, officials said, Moscow has assured New Delhi that it will roll out its best in upgraded SU-30 MKIs.

The deal, estimated at over Rs 20,000 crore, will be operational in three years with the first delivery expected in 2014 and thelast by 2018. Once the 42 aircraft are inducted, the total strength of SU-30 MKIfleet will go up to 272.

It may be noted that by 2017, India plans to phase out 120 MiG 21s and with the MMRCA still not a done deal, theSU-30 MKIfleet will be the mainstay.

Year End Defence Review (India)

New weapons

The successful test launch of the 3,500 km rangeAgni-IVBallistic Missile on Tuesday, November 15, 2011 was the highlight of the year. Apress conference was organised the next day, for DRDO chief Dr V K Saraswat, which waswidely covered by the media, on the launch of Agni-IVfrom Wheeler Island off Orissacoast.

Sixth successful test launch of Agni-AI Ballistic Missile from Wheeler Island onThursday, December 1, 2011 by Armed Forces.

Successful launch of Dhanush and Prithvi Missiles by the Strategic Forces Command from Interim Test Range, Chandipur,Orissa and a warship off Orissa coast on March 11, 2011.

Rafale MMRCA

The mother of all recent defence deals has just been concluded. French majorDassault Rafale has bagged India's biggest-ever multi-billion dollar dealfor procuring 126 MMRCA combat aircraft for the Indian Air Force. The

al is worth nearly US$ 20 billion (Rs 76,000 cr) 'The French firm Dassault Rafales emerged as the L1 (lowest bidder) and cheaper than its European rival EADSalmost 10 per cent in the tender to finally bag this mother of all defence deals.

European EADS Eurofighter Typhoon and Dassault Rafale were in the finalce for the global tender for the Medium Multi Role Combat Aircraft (MMRCA).e Eurofighter Typhoon bid was backed by four partner nations includingrmany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom while the Dassault Rafale wascked by the French Government.

According to the Request for Proposal (RFP), the winner of the contract will have to supply 18 of the 126 aircraft to the IAF inaway condition within 24-36 months from its facilities and the remaining would be produced at HAL facilities in Bangalore

er complete TOT.

Six companies were in the fray. The aircraft included the American F-16 and F-18, RussianMiG 35, Swedish Saab Gripen,ong with Eurofighter Typhoon and Dassault Rafale, which were in the race.

n April last year, the Defense Ministry on the basis of technical evaluation by the IAF, rejected the American, Russian andwedish aircraft as not being QR compliant and shortlisted Dassault and Eurofighter for the final phase. The deal has now been

ally won by Rafale. This makes eminent sense as the IAF is already flying theMirage-2000 which it was very satisfied withthe Kargil conflict. As such the support infrastructure already exists. The IAF had initially asked for moreMirage aircraft bute French were then phasing out these aircraft and had offered the Rafale instead. To avoid a single vendor situation the MoDd insisted on a global tender. The French have so far proved to be very dependable arms suppliers. France has consistentlyen very supportive of India and had exhibited great understanding of the Indian decision to carry out nuclear tests. It wase only western country that did not impose sanctions on India post Pokhran. It has sold high quality arms in the past as alsopplied civil nuclear reactors for power generation. It has promised to share technology and source codes for the software andctronic components. France is also selling India the Scorpene submarine, upgrading theMirage aircraft and providing air tomissiles. The Rafale deal underlines the close strategic partnership between the two countries and shared mutual interests.e Americans were deeply miffed about losing out on this deal. However buying the US planes entailed signing of a seriesrather restrictive agreements and the US record of past sanctions and enforcing domestic legislation had engendered deepprehensions in the collective memory of the Indian armed forces. Besides the F-16 and F-18 represented relatively olderhnology compared to the more recent European aircraft. The MMRCA deal is designed to give a boost to the indigenous

ms industry through transfer of technology and the offsets that are part of the deal. Some Rs 38,000 cr worth of offsets arepected to be pumped in as part of this deal.

0 Per Cent Tanks Out Of Night-Blind Category

We have been able to do away with night-blindness of 70 per cent of our tanks andthey can fight 24X7, Army Chief Gen V K Singh said recently.

The Army has managed to fit night vision devices including thermalagers and infra-red equipment in 70 per cent of its tank armada to counteright blindness and set aside more than Rs 5,000 crore for procurement of night visionvices, surveillance and battlefield support equipment.

Night vision devices including thermal imagers and infra-red equipment enable the tankew to negotiate rugged terrain and acquire and then destroy a target at night. Tanks are usually deployed to smash enemy


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Successful launch of new Surface to Surface Tactical Missile Prahaarby DRDO on Thursday, July 21, 2011.

Successful flight testing of Surface to Surface Strategic MissileAgni (A-II) on Friday, September 30, 2011, from Integratedst Range, Chandipur, Orissa coast.

Successful flight testing of Surface to Surface Strategic Missile Prithvi (P-II) on Monday, September 26, 2011, from ITR,andipur. In collaboration with DRDO, DPR also organised a press briefing on the strategic significance of the event on the

me day.

Successful flight test of the 700-km range Shourya Missile from Launch Complex III of Integrated Test Range (ITR), ChandipurOrissa coast on Saturday, September 24, 2011.

The DRDO conducted the 5th successful flight of UAV Rustom Inear Hosur, Karnataka on Friday, November 11, 2011.

Initial Operational Clearance Ceremony to LCA (Tejas) at Bangalore on January 10, 2011. Defence Ministerri A K Antony formally handed over the release to service certificate of Tejas Aircraft to the chief of Air Staff,r Chief Marshal P V Naik.

Successful Engine Ground Run of LCA Tejas (Navy) at Bangalore on Tuesday, September 27, 2011.

Kaveri engine being developed by the DRDO for the indigenous Light Combat Aircraft successfully completed the firstase Flying Test Bed trials mounted on a modified IL-76 aircraft in Russia during April.

Defence Minister Shri A K Antony inaugurated the DRDOs state-of-the-art composite propellant processing facility CEM (Advanced Centre for Energetic Materials) at Nasik in Maharashtra on Wednesday, June 29, 2011.

Indian naval crew began training in Russia in April aboard the new Aircraft CarrierAdmiral Gorshkov, being rechristenedS Vikramaditya, to be inducted into the Indian naval fleet.

ndianMirage Aircraft To Have 500 Air-To-Air Missiles

T

he government on Wednesday cleared a proposal to equip the FrenchMirage ground attack aircraft with 500 air-to-air missiles that would beprocured from a western consortium.

The 950-million euro (about Rs. 6,600 crore) deal was cleared by the Cabinetmmittee on Security at a meeting here chaired by Prime Minister Manmohan

ngh. The decision entails procuring the MICA interception and aerial combate and forget missile manufactured by MBDA, sources in the Defence Ministryd.

The government earlier cleared a proposal to upgrade 51Mirage 2000 aircraft under a 1.47 billion euro agreement signed lastar.

French manufacturer Dassault Aviation and weapons systems integrator Thales are to carry out the midlife upgrades.

Two aircraft were flown to France to carry out the work, while the rest would be modernised at the HAL facilities in theuntry.

The French firms will modernise the navigation systems, mission computers, electronic warfare systems and radars.

K-152 Nerpa

India added teeth to its submarine fleet and became the worlds sixthoperator of a nuclear-powered submarine when Russias K-152 Nerpanuclear-powered attack submarine was handed over to the Indian Navy

at a ceremony in the far Eastern Primorye territory of the Russian Federationon January 23, 2012.

The submarine, with NATO codename Akula-II, will be ona 10-year lease with Indian Navy till 2022 under a contractthat was signed between the two countries worth overUS$ 900 million, according to Indian Navy sources.

The Project 971 Shchuka-B class vessel will be renamed INS Chakra once it reaches the Indian shores - with homebase as Vishakhapatnam - in February and a formal commissioning ceremony will be conducted in March this year,sources said.

Russian submariners had trained the Indian Navy submariners for over a month in the Pacific Ocean on how to steer theNerpa. With a displacement of 8,140 to 12,770 tonnes and a maximum speed of 30 knots, the vessel can operate at maximumdepth of 600 metres and has an endurance of 100 days. The submarine is operated by a 73-member crew and is armed withfour 533 mm torpedo tubes and four 650 mm torpedo tubes.

The other submarine operating naval powers in the world are the US, Russia, Britain, France and China.

Fourth Airbus MilitaryA330 MRTTHanded Over To RAAF

The fourth Airbus MilitaryA330 MRTTmulti-role tanker transport forthe Royal Australian Air Force has been formally handed over to theservice, leaving just one aircraft of its order still to be delivered.

Known as the KC-30A in RAAF operation, this particular aircraft is theonly one for the RAAF to have been converted from the basic A330 inMadrid, the others having been converted by Qantas Defence Servicesin Brisbane, Australia. It took part in the A330 MRTT developmentprogramme and has been extensively renovated prior to delivery inMadrid.

Following the handover the aircraft will remain in Spain for continued testwork and will be transferred to RAAF Base Amberley, Queensland later inthe year. The fifth and final aircraft will be delivered in the third quarter ofthe year.

TheA330 MRTTrecently underwent successful refuelling trials in Australia with a RAAF F/A-18 fighter and earlier thismonth was displayed by the RAAF at the LIMA Air show in Malaysia.

It is the worlds most advanced air-to-air tanker and the only certified and flying new generation tanker / transport aircraftin existence. It will substantially increase the aerial refuelling and logistical capabilities of the RAAF.


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Marshal B K Pandey (retd)

syncHrOnisAtiOn

as only in the Bangladesh

1971 that there was some

ce of integration amongst

ee wings but the level of

ss achieved was somewhat

ntary. However, it was the

Kargil of 1999 that laid

e complete and shocking

ointness between the two

nents involved, the Indian

nd the Indian Air Force

An incisive article on Jointness that examines our own and theAmerican experience in this regard. He defines jointness asa process that serves to enhance the effectiveness of militaryoperations by synchronising the efforts of the differentcomponents of the Armed Forces to achieve perfect synergyand produce maximum impact against the enemy forces. Tofight any war in the twentyfirst century or beyond, the armedforces will need a profound attitudinal change and congruenceof vision that can only be possible though a truly joint approach.

JOINTNESS AND SYNERGY FOR THE ARMED FORCES:

A VITAL IMPERATIVE

riter is former AOC-in-C

aining Command, IAF,

luru and served for

years in a Diplomatic

nment at the Indian

sy during the years

rmoil (1989-1992) in

rn Afghanistan. He

esponsible for setting

only English Mediuml in Kabul at that point

e. He has also been

ions Manager at ARC,

lligence organisation.


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Cmde Ranjit B Rai (retd)

An incisive article on Jointness by a former Director Naval Intelligenceand Operations. Thirty two leading nations of the world operate theirArmed Forces with a Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) as the head of the three orfour fighting arms and designate the post variously as Chairman Joint Chiefs ofStaff (CJCS) as in USA, Chief of Defence Forces (CDF) in Australia, Singapore,Malaysia and New Zealand. Other nations have even set-up a unifiedChief of Logistics under the CDS for the advantages it accrues in procurement.A joint theatre commander with all three arms under him is a logical corollarythat evolves and flows from the CDS system at the centre.

JOINTNESS FOR ARMED FORCES:CDS AND THEATRE COMMANDERS

writer specialises in

ce Economics and is

mer Director of Naval

ions and Intelligence

s served in Missions in

East Asia.

tHe neeD Of tHe HOur

centre-piece of the

on Defence, tabled by

Arun Singh, was a

mendation that a Chief of

e Staff (CDS), senior to

ee service chiefs should

pointed to represent

llective views of the

services and provide

point advice to the

l leadership. The report

a CDS and his staff would

eek closer integration

n the Ministry of Defence

e Services headquarters,

imultaneously promoting

ss within the armed

Additionally, the report

mended that the CDS,

sted by a Vice CDS and

directly administer the

mmands for the Andaman

cobar Islands and Indias

forces, coordinate

ng activities and relieve

airman Chiefs of Staff who

dy burdened to run his

rvice


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xelis Tests Advanced Electronic Warfare System On InternationalF-16

ITT Exelis has successfully installed and tested apod-mounted, advanced self-defence electronic warfaresystem on F-16 aircraft operated by an international

customer.

The Airborne Integrated Defensive ElectronicWarfare System, or AIDEWS (ALQ-211), completedseveral F-16 sorties and was tested against awide variety of RF (radio frequency) threats.While this testing verified the effectiveness of thepod-mounted version, the system can be internallyintegrated as well. Either configuration offers next-generation integrated radar warning and electroniccountermeasures capability with greatly reducedintegration cost.

aytheon Books 50 Million In Electronic Warfare Contracts

Raytheon booked US$ 50 million this month in new contract awardsrelated to its electronic warfare (EW) business.

Raytheons industry-leading electronic warfare portfolio includesborne and shipboard jammers, towed decoys and radar warning receiversuse on strategic and tactical aircraft, helicopters and surface ships of the USr Force, US Navy and international customers.

aytheon To Provide Radars and Services

To UAE In THAAD Missile System DealUAE becomes first international customer to gain the advancedAN/TPY-2 radars

Raytheon Company will provide AN/TPY-2 radars, associatedspares, training and other services through 2018 to the UnitedArab Emirates (UAE) as the radar component to the Terminal

High Altitude Area Defence (THAAD) missile defence system. ThisUS$ 582.5 million contract for the radars is part of the firstsale of THAAD missile systems to an international customer.

Northrop Grumman And ITT Exelis Team For Army Vehicular Radio

Northrop Grumman and ITT Exelishave teamed to compete for theUS Armys new vehicle-mounted,

software-defined radio. The Armyissued a draft request for proposal onNovember 4, for the Mid-Tier NetworkingVehicular Radio (MNVR), which replacesthe cancelled Joint Tactical Radio System(JTRS) Ground Mobile Radio.

If selected for the MNVR programme,Northrop Grumman will lead the teamand provide its Freedom 350 multifunctionradio system. Exelis will supportradio development, manufacturing,vehicle installation and integrationand logistical support services.

Lockheed Ships First

Mobile User Objective System Satellite To Cape For Launch

Lockheed Martin delivered the USNavys first Mobile User ObjectiveSystem (MUOS) satellite to

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla., onDecember 15, where it will be prepared for aFebruary 16, 2012 liftoff aboard an Atlas Vlaunch vehicle.

The MUOS constellation is anext-generation narrowband tacticalsatellite communications system thatwill augment and replace the legacyUltra High Frequency Follow-On system,providing significantly improved andassured communications for the mobile warfighter.

The MUOS satellite will now undergopost shipment testing, fuelling, payloadfairing encapsulation and mate atop theAtlas V launch vehicle in preparation forlaunch.


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g (Dr) Anil Sharma (retd)

Anshu Paliwal

tness essentially entails

ve utilisation of combat

and maximising of

ces. This aspect needs to

ked at in terms of overall

e strategy and

uent operational

y. This article looks

jointness and synergy

armed forces as a

uence integrated

ng, conceptualisation,

yment, development and

ement of resources at the

strategy level

There are constraints galore in Indias current so calledintegrated defence structure. When HQ IDS was established,it was to be headed by the post of Chief of Defence Staff(CDS), whose tasks would include ensuring intra andinterservice prioritisation of defence plans and serve as a systemof providing single window military advice to the government.Existing system is a compilation of perspective plans prepared byindividual services and DRDO. Budgetary allocation is a result ofindividual service threat and capability assessment. In the absenceof an integrated system, it is to an extent proportional to the size ofthe service. It is a via media alternative and not the optimal solution.Countries, armed forces and systems, which show a markedlysuperior learning dominance, move ahead and stay ahead. A wellresearched article on the details of the jointness process.

JOINTNESS AND INTERAGENCY SYNERGY

IMPERATIVES AT STRATEGIC LEVEL

Dr) Anil Sharma is an

ary Joint Director with

te for National Security

s and Director SA in the

sity of Petroleum and

y Studies (UPES).

Paliwal is working as

ary Research Associate

e team headed by

(Dr) Anil Sharma

esearch in Strategic

ement.

eVOlVeMent


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Col A G Thomas (retd)

ay a Defence Minister

like to avoid or delay the

n on procurement of

ajor weapon systems like

Tanks, Aircraft, Battle

tc. as it involves very large

f money and all the allied

ms that will invariably

Ghosts / skeletons of

eals can resurrect even

many decades and haunt

inisters and their political

In the past two / three

s MoD has tried out

procurement methods,

nisms and committees

reliable and foolproof

has not arrived as yet.

in procurement of such

n systems is a definite

antage to our forces

The writer was seconded to the DRDO and has served on thestaff of luminaries like Dr Raja Ramanna. He is well qualifiedto talk of ways and means to enhance synergy between thecivil and military components of our state. He talks of creatinga defence industrial base and mentions how we did away withour first echelon R and D at the level of the Armed Forcesthemselves and disbanded our in-house design teams whichhad designed the 75/24 Pack Howitzers and 105 mm Field gunsetc. He recommends merger of the R and D with the ProductionAgencies. He thus recommends the nearly 1,500 strong CVRDE(Tank R and D) should be merged with the approximately8,000 strong HVF (Tank Factory). Similarly LRDE (Electronicsand Radar R and D) can be merged with BEL. DRDL (missileR and D) should be merged with BDL (DPSU earmarked to

manufacture missile systems), both are in Hyderabad. ADEand GTRE (Aircraft Systems and Gas Turbine R and D) shouldbe merged with HAL. He also offers ideas on restructuringthe MoD to have greater integration and representation ofthe military. After all the MHA has IPS officers in very seniorpositions. The same should now be done for the MoD.

GENERATING CIVIL MILITARY SYNERGY

riter was commissioned

E prior to the 71 war and

econded to DRDO. He

DRDO for 22 years in

s capacities in different

shments. He was

to the HCI London in

omatic assignment as

y Technical Adviser

ce) accredited to mosturopean countries and

Subsequently he was

at CVRDE, Avadi and

s Registrar Academics

ead of General Staff

ranch at the Institute of

ment Technology (IAT),

ndia.

eMPOWerinG tHe sOlDiers


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Adm (Dr) S Kulshrestha

(retd)The sale and purchase of arms, is not just a matter of pricenegotiations but involves complex strategic foreign policyconsiderations, economics and a host of other issues, meaningthereby that, sufficient buying capacity alone may not get thebuyer the desired armament or the assurance for spares andmaintenance. Therefore it is imperative for a country l ike Indiato develop indigenous armament capability and strive for

self reliance in this field. The Indian Navy has been committedto its goal of self reliance and indigenisation also in the fieldof armament and ammunition. It has been providing activesupport, at all stages namely design, development, productionand induction of armament by laying down achievable SQRsand positioning high calibre officers to DRDO Laboratoriesand production agencies to assist during development andproduction.

....developing critical technologies and capabilities is vitalto enhancing the nations strategic flexibility and developingindigenous armament systems will not only give our armed forcesa competitive edge, but also strengthen the nation economically andindustrially.Admiral Nirmal Verma, Chief of the Naval Staff,24 November 2010.

GREEN SHOOTS OF SYNERGY THE INDIAN NAVAL EXPERIENCE

writer has held the

of Director General

Armament Inspection

e NHQ prior to his

annuation. He is an ardent

ent of indigenisation

lf reliance in the eld of

y weapon systems and

ent.

self reliAnce

anced participation of the

private sector industry

design and development

ence equipment would

e encouraged to build a

defence industrial base.

r to achieve synergies

ncrease capabilities in

ing state-of-the-art

e equipment; formation

ortia, joint ventures and

private partnerships etc.

encouraged


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Gen (Dr) Mrinal Suman

AVSM, VSM (retd)

Indias policy of extending a hand of friendship andaccommodation has been a total failure. On the contrary,it has emboldened Pakistan into considering India to be asoft state and increased its intransigence and hardened itsanti-India attitude. How to deal with an unreasonable andhostile neighbour continues to be a convoluted dilemmafor India. Every Indian Prime Minister has made liberalconciliatory gestures in the mistaken belief that he couldmake a place for himself in the history of the sub-continentas the harbinger of peace. One went to the ridiculous extentof banning Indian secret agencies from operating in Pakistan.All were doomed to fail for the simple reason that they werebased more on hope than hard ground realities.

Dealing with Pakistan:Time to Face Realities

writer heads Defence

cal Assessment and

ory Service (DTAAS)

nfederation of Indian

ry (CII). He did MSc in

ce Studies and Doctorate

blic Administration. He

anded an Engineer

ent in the most hostile

eld in the world i.e.,achen Glacier. He was

ed a gold medal for

the most outstanding

er of the year. He was

rst Technical Manager

Systems] when the newly

d Acquisition Wing was

shed in the Ministry of

ce in 2001. He has been

y associated with the

on and promulgation of

w defence procurement

nism.

intrAnsiGence

roactive policy should

owed to make friends

he countries who feel

ned by the growth

rrorism in Pakistan.

aneously, leveraging its

ous economic clout, India

onvey its displeasure to

es that help Pakistan

nti-India resolutions in

s comities of nations. No

that supports Pakistans

dian motions can claim

ndias friend. It is time

sserts itself


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yber Warfare Market Worth US$ 15.9 billion

Analysis indicates that the cyber warfare marketwill reach a value of US$ 15.9 billion in 2012, asgovernments around the world continue to invest in a

nge of cyber warfare systems and solutions designed to offerotection against a wide range of cyber threats includingotecting information and infrastructure from hostile states,well as non-state actors both at home and abroad.

Spending on cyber warfare has been ring-fenced from theassive cuts being initiated in the defence sectors of a numbermajor markets. Despite this, sales may suffer a little, but areely to remain relatively high, especially whilst the threat totional security posed by a successful cyber attack remainsimportant point of interest for both the public and private

ctor.

The cyber warfare market is likely to be driven bycreasingly networked systems requiring increasingvels of protection from a continuing, persistent threat.

assidian Unveils New Spexer 2000 Coastal Radar

Cassidian, the defence and securitydivision of EADS, introduces a newsecurity radar into the market which

ens up completely new opportunitiesr the wide-area protection of coastlines,aritime infrastructure and harbours againstymmetric threats. As part of Cassidiansexer security radar family, the newexer 2000 Coastal has been launched duringe Langkawi International Maritime androspace (LIMA) exhibition in Malaysia.

The development studies for the RBS 70 started over 40 years ago and by 1978, Generaon 1 was in service. In that era, with an intercept range

which was eecve against incoming targets at 5 kilometers and altude coverage of more than 2,000 meters, the RBS 70 was a unique product. The

unjammable guidance with laser beam riding missiles of the RBS 70, was one of the rst military laser applicaons and ensured its performance in

cluered environments.

The second generaon of the RBS 70 was developed in 1982 and had increased area coverage. 1990 saw the introducon of the third generaon. The

Mk II missile, Clip-On Night Device (COND) and Baleeld Management Terminal set it apart from earlier versions as well as from the enemy.

In 2004, the last generaon presented a major capability enhancement, entering the digital era with non-cooled laser diodes (No Freon), the BOLIDE

all-target missile, BORC Thermal Imager, Digital IFF Interrogator, Target Data Receiver, PC-based Weapon Simulator and external power supply.

Saabs all-new RBS 70 NG VSHORAD system with integrated 24/7 all-target capability has been developed for any combat situaon. Its integrated sighng

soluon, enhanced missile operator aids, unbeatable range and unjammable laser guidance combine to produce a system with world-leading capabilies.

The new generationLars Liljegren, Project Manager for the RBS 70 NG explains the reasons behind the development of the New Generaon model: We wanted to develop

a new and beer sight that ts the baleeld requirements of today, whilst also making the weapon easier for the operator to handle.

Its integrated thermal imager and night sight capability combine to provide true 24/7 performance. Three-dimensional target designaon and automac

target detecon improve reacon mes, while the auto-tracker aids the missile operator during engagement, increasing hit probability throughout the

missile range.

Battlefield advantageBill Forsberg, Director, Product Management, Saab explains why the RBS 70 NGs sighng system has a unique advantage on the baleeld: The NG

sight is soware-based: the auto-tracker and visual cueing have ulmately resulted in ease of use and increased precision for small - and large - targets,

even at maximum range.

With the latest generaon of missile - the BOLIDE - the RBS 70 NG is directed at the complete air and ground threat spectrum, from xed and rotary wing

aircra and helicopters down to small targets such as cruise missiles, UAVs and armoured ground targets like APCs.

Best-in-class defence systemThe RBS 70 NG has an eecve intercept range of 8 km, with altude coverage in excess of 5,000 m, making it a best-in-class air defence missile system.

It is capable of operang in complex environments such as urban terrain and is well equipped for all environments, including tropical, desert and arcc

condions.

The RBS 70 NG can be vehicle integrated and used to support manoeuvring troops. The modularity of the system also allows it to be used in a remotely

controlled conguraon. Specically aimed at the long-term stac air defence of strategic assets, these deployments can last several weeks or more in

around-the-clock operaons. The RBS 70 NG is also the opmal soluon for event protecon in peaceme, at high-prole sporng events, for example.

Versatile and accurateEmil Holm, gunner of the RBS 70 and RBS 70 NG, shares his experience using the system: Its easy to use, quick to reload and fast to deploy. In my

opinion the main advantages of the RBS 70 NG are the auto-tracker and integrated night sight capability.

Most missiles in this category, with a few excepons, use an Infrared Homing system which has its own disadvantages. The missiles are suscepble to

decepon by counter-measures dispensed by targets such as ares. They are ineecve within 20 degrees of the posion of the sun, leaving a cone of

ineecveness from the posion of the operator with an angle of 40 degrees, which would create a circle of ineecveness of around 13 square kilometers

in the sky around the posion of the sun (assuming conical side distances of six kilometers).

An accurate, unjammable missile system, the RBS 70 NG is unaected by countermeasures, heat sources and cluer. Ulising state-of-the-art components

and technology, the RBS 70 NG provides a highly versale air defence system, changing the rules of the baleeld.

The Saab promiseThe Saab Group intends to make India a home market by leveraging Indias manufacturing strengths for exports to world markets. Equally important,

for all major future programmes, Saab will partner an Indian company either through a teaming agreement or through a joint venture. It will share

technology with these companies, localise producon and oer it to both Indian and global customers.

Says Inderjit Sial, Managing Director of Saab India Technologies Pvt. Ltd, Saab and India are a perfect t. Sweden is a small country with extremely high

technology. It needs partners just as India is looking for partners in technology. Together, we believe that over me India could be the biggest market for

Saab.

Saab is well supported by Swedish government in eorts to form new internaonal partnerships and export of technology. Saab and Sweden have an

established track record of Technology Transfer, including crical areas. With new Oset policies spulated by the Ministry of Defence, Government of

India, well in place, the Saab group is all geared up to explore the opportunies for Long Term Industrial Cooperaon with both the public and private

sector players in India.

Transforming the baleeld - Saab RBS 70 NG VSHORAD

34 February 2012 Defence AnD security Alert

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Maj Gen P K Chakravorty

VSM (retd)

US Congress passed

ldwater Nichols Act in

The act reorganised the

epartment of Defence

placing more authority

he Secretary of Defence,

hairman of the Joint

of Staff and the theatre

nders. The aim was to

l forces under the theatre

nders to ensure unified

tion of the full range of

y power to meet national

ves. General Colin Powell,

an Joint Chiefs of Staff of

ated through a message

November 1991 that, Joint

e is team warfare. When a

kes to the field, individual

sts come together to

a team win

Gen Chakravorty talks of Synergy and Jointness in the Indiancontext. He cites extensively, examples from recent globalhistory. We must look at the American and the UK experienceof integrating their armed forces. The first step is the issue ofDefence Policy Guideline. The US Secretary of Defence issuesa Defence Policy Guideline which includes national securityobjectives. The Congress passed the Goldwater Nichols Actin 1986. The act reorganised the US Department of Defence(DoD), placing more authority with the Secretary of Defence,the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the theatrecommanders. The aim was to bring all forces under the theatrecommanders to ensure unified application of the full range ofmilitary power to meet national objectives and policies, thepriorities of military missions and the availability of resources.

JOINTNESS FORTHE ARMED FORCES - INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

riter is an alumnus of

al Defence Academy

was commissioned into

egiment of Artillery on

ch 1972. A Silver Gunner

as undergone the Long

ry Staff Course, Staff

e and is a graduate of

tional Defence College.

commanded a Mediument and a Composite

ry Brigade. He was

General Artillery of

perational Command,

andant of Selection

South in Bangalore and

onal Director General

ry at Army Headquarters.

s also served as the

ce Attach to Vietnam

s a prolic writer on

gic subjects.

inteGrAtiOn


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Maj Gen (Dr) G D Bakshi

SM, VSM (retd)

neiGHBOurHOOD WAtcH

The three As that dominate the destiny of Pakistan are theArmy, Allah and America - not necessarily in that order.Today the power play in Pakistan is between the decliningSuper Power of the USA and the rising power of China. Inlooking too closely at the tactical level details of who said whatwithin the Supreme Court of Pakistan and outside its walls,we are losing our focus on the larger geo-strategic scenario.This will be shaped by the new cold war in Asia between the

USA and China. That may well shape the outcome in Pakistan.The logical question that follows is where is India in thisequation?

The writer is a combat

veteran of many skirmishes

on the Line of Control and

counter-terrorist operations

in Jammu and Kashmir and

Punjab. He subsequently

commanded the reputed

Romeo Force during intensive

counter-terrorist operations in

the Rajouri-Poonch districts.He has served two tenures

at the highly prestigious

DirectorateGeneral of MilitaryOperations. He is a prolic

writer on matters military

and non-military and has

published 24 books and

over 100 papers in many

prestigious research journals.

He is also Executive Editor of

Defence and Security Alert

(DSA) magazine.

The Pakistani Army now has

a pivotal position in Pakistani

politics. In a very perceptive

piece - Hasan Rizvi writes that

while the Army does not rule

directly it controls key aspects

of state like National Security,

foreign policy and key domestic

issues. Direct rule is simply

replaced by a covert behind the

sceneRole that usually reduces

the civilian governments to a

democratic facade. The civilian

governments have an acute

identity crisis. They wish to

appear autonomous and yet

bank heavily on the support

of the Army Chief to survive.

None of them have been able to

complete their terms


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PF DG exhorts his men to become Junglee

Giving a new mantra to over 70,000 CRPF troops engagedin anti-maoist operations, its chief K Vijay Kumar hasasked them to turn junglee (inhabitants of forests)

hit the maoists hard before elimanting them. CRPFered its biggest ever setback in Chattisgarhs Dantewada

ere Naxals ambushed 75 men in 2010. Kumar who took overreins of the force, asked his men to be like hunters, whoe in the area of the hunt and ultimately neutralise it. Yourersary is far too inferior than you, wether it is training,ipment, physical strength, tactics, weaponry, number andd he takes. He exhorted his men to modify the tactics - behunters, hide in his area and hit him hard. Learn to be a

glee he said.

National Counter Terrorism Centre (NCTC)

Additional director of the Intelligence Bureau (IB)D P Sinha is likely to head the National CounterTerrorism Centre (NCTC) which is expected to be

established in the next few weeks. After much wranglingbetween the stakeholders over the NCTC, the CabinetCommittee on Security (CCS) cleared a much watered downversion of the proposed body. The new version of NCTC willhave permanent secretariat headed by Sinha who is 1979batch officer of Manipur-Tripura cadre. Sinha is headingoperations wing of the IB at the moment. The NCTC chief

will be assisted by at least three joint director rank officersfrom the IB.

The main task of NCTC will be to collateintelligence gathered by a host of agiencies,

yse the data and coordinate with agencies leading counter-terrorism efforts to act on the intelligence. It will alsontain a database of terrorists. NCTC will be more of a coordination authority than an overarching anti-terrory.CTC will interact and coordinate with the following organisations and forces:ational Technical Research Organisation (NTRO): Specialises in technical intelligence gathering.esearch and Analysis Wing (R&AW): Indias external intelligence gathering agency. Also specialises in covert operations.efence Intelligence Agency (DIA): Controls Armys Directorate of Signals intelligence, Defence Image Processing andnalysis Centre and Defence Information Warefare Agency.nancial Intelligence Unit: Receives, analyses and disseminates data related to suspect financial transactions.

tate police intelligence: Various state police forces will feed intelligence to NCTC.aramilitary forces: Paramilitary forces such as the BSF, CRPF and the ITBP, they all specilalise in human-intelligenceathering.ational Intelligence Grid (NATGRID): Links databases of 21 ministries or departments to improve counter-terror efforts.tate polices forces: The NCTC can ask the police forces of various states to act on actionable intelligence.entral police forces: NCTC can also direct central police forces to act on terror inputs.ational Security Guard (NSG): NCTC can also direct the NSG, which played a key role during the Mumbai terror attacks,r follow-up action.

MHA plans school to train cops, spies

As part of the Union governments attempt to strengthen securityinfrastructure and equip personnel with sophisticated gear, the homeministry has approved several proposals for paramilitary forces, ranging

from setting up a detective training school to procuring huge numbers ofhigh-tech radio sets. It also plans to buy helicopters for internal security duties.

A school to train spies Central Detective Training School (CDTS) will be setup in Ghaziabad in UP by the home ministrys Bureau of Police Research andDevelopment (BPR&D). The ministry has already released Rs 2.18 crore toBPR&D for acquisition of 8.37 acres of land for establishment of the school.

Indias GI Joes

The Delhi police have set up a Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) team as part of theirrenewed counter-terror measures. Created some months ago in the wake of the 26/11terror attack in Mumbai, the team has been participating in mock security drills being

carried out in the city as part of its training. The unit at present comprises about 40 youngrecruits, mostly in their early 20s. The SWAT commandos have undergone rigorous trainingin handling of sophisticated weapons and most have been armed with AK assault rifles. TheSWAT members, who will be armed with sophisticated light-weight weapons in future, are alsobeing trained in hostage and crisis negotiation techniques. They are being taught ways to accessa target, conduct searches and rescue operations and carry out close combats. In the recentlyconducted mock drills in the city, the unit headed most of the operations.

Apart from the specialised unit, newly recruited and young constables from all the districts arebeing imparted 45-day commando training at the Police Training College as part of the counter-

terror initiatives. A 10-day refresher course in commando training is also being conducted for others.Trained to tackle hostage situations, these men are deployed during VIP movements and at key government functions. MP5: A 9 mm submachine gun of German design manufactured by Heckler and Koch. One of the most widely used

submachine guns in the world, the 3 kg assault rifle fires around 800 rounds per minute and has an effective range of 200m. Bulletproof knee and elbow pads: Protect the knees and elbows from injuries. Headgear: Same as the one used by Black Cat commandos. Its fire-resistant and helps to conceal the identity of the commando. Glock 17 pistol: The 9x19 mm, low-weight pistol, with above-average magazine capacity of 17 cartridges, is used for itsreliability. It is safe, easy and quick to use.

Advanced audio communication set: Same as the one used by the SPG. Wireless headset and receiver allows the commandoto talk to other unit members during operations, while his hands are free to work the weapon.

National Security Guard (NSG)

Its an offensive force, specialising in anti-terror operations and giving protection toVIPs. The Black Cats played a major role during the 26/11 anti-terror operations.

Headgear: Fire-resistant balaclava also helps conceal the identityof the officer during anti-terror operations. The name Black Catcomes from their black nomex coveralls and balaclavas. Light-weight bulletproof vest: High grade, level-3 Kevlar bulletproof vest. It canwithstand a 7.62- caliber bullet fired from 10 m from an AK-47. Binoculars: Equipped with night vision devices and are mainly used forsurveillance. The range of the binocular is at least 1 km.

Utility commando dagger: Manufactured in the USA, it is very effective in close

combats. Glock 17 pistol: The 9x19 mm, low-weight pistol, with above-average magazinecapacity of 17 cartridges, is used for its reliability. It is safe, easy and quick to use

Advanced audio communication set: Same as the one used by the SPG. Wirelessheadset and receiver allows the commando to talk to other unit members duringoperations, while his hands are free to work the weapon.

Special Protection Group (SPG)

These elite commandos protect the PM, former PM and their immediate families.Its a defensive force as the commandos primary task is to protect the VIP.

Tactical Eyewear: Ballistic shield protects eyes from splinters and otherforeign objects.

Light-Weight Bulletproof Jacket: High grade, level-3 Kevlar bulletproof vest. Itcan withstand a 7.62- caliber bullet fired from 10 m from an AK-47.

F-2000 Assault Rifle: A 5.56x45 mm NATO caliber, Belgium-made rifle. The3.5 kg rifle fires 850 rounds per minute and has an effective range of 500 m. Bullpupdesign places the magazine behind the trigger, making it easier to manoeuvreand reload.


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Cecil Victor

he first week of 2012 it

d a new tactical doctrine

which Pakistan reserves

be moved to the borders

ver a terrorist attack takes

n India. In bald terms it

that a signal has been

t to sleeper cells in India

me active and attack soft

and their actions would

y backed up by the jihadi

ts trained in Pakistani

as well as the Pakistan

with its conventional

nry and its nuclear arsenal

eterrent to prevent any

e reaction from India

A historical survey of synergy in our operations from the1971 war onwards. It contrasts the very high levels of synergyreached in the 1971 war due to a nearly 10 months long period ofprepration and coordination. The same was evidently missingin the Kargil conflict when we were caught by surprise.

The end and the meanswriter has covered all

with Pakistan as War

pondent and reported

the conict zones in

m, Laos and Cambodia

uth East Asia as well

m Afghanistan. He is

of India: The Security

ma.

MAnAGinG Assets


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Col RSN Singh (retd)

Pakistans description as the fulcrum of Asia is most eminent,as it is located at the junction of South Asia, West Asia,Central Asia and China. Since its inception Pakistan has beentraumatised by the weakness and bitter rivalry between itsstate institutions. Its leaders invariably have relied on externalpowers to enforce or restore institutional balance. An oft quotedremark attributed to the Americans is that oil is too importantcommodity to be left to the will of the Arabs. Similarly theAf-Pak region is too important to be sacrificed at the altar ofthe sovereignty of Pakistan. Pakistan is at a critical crossroadsof its history. A very incisive analysis of recent developmentsthere by a former R&AW officer and military analyst.

Pakistan:The New ScriptPakistan:The New Script

riter is former Research

alysis Wing (R&AW)

and has authored

on strategic and military

s.

the US, the current

sation in Pakistan,

political and military

tlived its utility, rather

now counter-productive

an embarrassment as

The alleged memo

riggered the process

lignment of political

as various institutions

kistan including the

y. The Zardari - Gilani

sation has only got a

rary reprieve from the

ve Supreme Court. In the

te analysis the current

al dispensation will be

lled by the judiciary to

wn, thus paving the way

tions

neiGHBOurHOOD WAtcHjo


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Nitin Gokhale

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, along with most of his familymembers, was assassinated in August 1975. The tragedyreverted the nation's normal course from secular democracy,which was the guiding force of the 1971 War of Liberation.The coups and counter-coups following the 1975 bloodychangeover for two decades were instrumental in thedestruction of democratic institutions and the rehabilitation ofthe fundamentalist elements that were defeated in the historicnational war. The most recent failed coup attempt in Dhakahighlights the need to keep up one's guard against such Jihadielements in our neighbouring country. A blow by blow accountof this attemptedputsch.

Attempted coup in

Bangladeshriter, a journalist with

ears of experience

d him in various conict

es, is currently NDTVs

ty and Strategic Affairs

neiGHBOurHOOD WAtcH

signs and symptoms of

ce plan of turning this

y into another Sikkim

onal level are: giving

ransit facilities to India

t any financial benefits

roying many of the river

ls and road systems,

ng the presence of the

at the Chittagong Hill

erasing bismillah and

e upon Allah from the

ution, security operations

ian security forces in

and elsewhere inside the

y denying the rights of an

ndent state, formulating

and education policies

the religious customs

rms of mass population,

the culprits of share

scandals, zero resistance

illegal Tipaimukh dam,

istance against regular

of innocent Bangladeshi

tion by Indian Border

y Forces (BSF) and

ing the whole economic

of the country


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