Design Charrette

Carlos Dachary, PE, LEED-AP

Sustainable Performance Consulting

September 10, 2008

New York State Energy Research and Development Authority

17 Columbia Circle

Albany, NY 12203

1-866-NYSERDA

The New York State Energy Research and

Development Authority is a public benefit corporation established by the New York State Legislature in 1975. NYSERDA’s mission is to address the State’s energy and environmental challenges while improving the economy.

“Three Es of NYSERDA”

– Energy

– Environment

– Economy

NYSERDA’s Mission:

NYSERDA strives to encourage decisions

involving energy that drive positive environmental

and economic results.

NYSERDA’s New Construction Program Objective:

• Transform the way buildings are designed and built

Services:

• Financial incentives to offset added costs associated with more energy-efficient equipment and systems

• Energy and Green Building Technical Assistance

• Commissioning

• LEED, Executive Order 111, NYS Green Building Tax Credit

Charrette Participants

A forum where every team member is

encouraged to cross fertilize with all others

in order to identify solutions to problems

that may relate to, but are not typically

addressed by any one team member’s

specialty. The objective is to have every

member of the design team understand the

issues that the other members need to

address. Results in a more thorough and

integrated solution

Design Charrette Essentials

1. Establish Project Goals

Design an Energy Efficient Building

Provide a Day lit Building

LEED ® Certification

2. Define Project Goals

Energy Efficiency = 20% better than ASHRAE

Day lit = Achieve a 2% Daylight factor

LEED® = Gold

3. Establish Decision Making Parameters

20% better than ASHRAE = EEMS with an ROI of > 20%

Day lit = Saves Energy & Comfortable Environment

LEED® = Pursue credits with multiple benefits

Goal: Design an Energy Efficient

Building 20% better than ASHRAE

Whole Building Approach:

•Capital Incentives

•Technical Assistance

Whole Building Design

Standard 90.1-2004 Appendix G

Energy Standard for Buildings Except

Low-Rise Residential Buildings

Regulated Systems:Building Envelope

HVAC

Lighting

Service Water Heating

Electric Power Distribution

Electric Motors

– Equipment efficiency ratings

– Building loads:

• Envelope materials, insulation

• Window efficiency and % of total area

• Internal loads: lighting, appliances

• Required ventilation: how much outdoor air must be

used

– System layout: shorter pipe runs, shorter duct runs,

fewer bends

– Control strategies: unoccupied modes, automatic

lighting, free cooling

What Determines Building

Performance?

Reduce the loads first – lighting selection,

daylighting

Choose high efficiency equipment

Use energy saving technologies –

VSD, occupancy sensors

Take advantage of free energy – waste heat

recovery, economizers, night precooling

Strategies for Efficiency

Lighting (space)5%

Plug Load Equipment

7%

Space Heating8%

Space Cooling10%

Heat Rejection0%

Pumps & Aux. Equip.

9%

Ventilation Fans4%

Domestic Hot Water

1%

Lighting (site)0%

Savings21%

Cost Breakdown by End Use PBP

IESNA/ASHRAE 90.1-2004 Appendix G

Building Insulation Alternatives

• 12” CMU blocks in lieu of 8” CMU

• 1” Polystyrene and ½” gypsum wall board added to 8” CMU block wall

• 2” Polystyrene and ½” gypsum wall board added to 8” CMU block wall

• 3” Polystyrene and ½” gypsum wall board added to 8” CMU block wall

Roof Insulation Alternatives

• 4” Polyisocyanurate roof insulation

• 5” Polyisocyanurate roof insulation

• 6” Polyisocyanurate roof insulation

Daylighting Alternatives

• Skylight shading coefficient = 0.5, Visible Transmittance = 0.5

• Skylight shading coefficient = 0.4, Visible Transmittance = 0.4

• Skylight shading coefficient = 0.7, Visible Transmittance = 0.7

• Low-e skylight glazing with spectrally selective coating, U = 0.29, SC = 0.44

Equipment Efficiency Alternatives

• Premium efficiency motors

• Premium efficiency RTUs

Controls Upgrades

• CO2 sensors in Sales and Food Service air handlers

• Variable speed fans on RTUs 20 tons or larger

Domestic Hot Water Alternatives

• Refrigeration condenser heat recovery

Miscellaneous Alternatives

• Transpired solar collector outside air preheat system

• High albedo roof

• Refrigeration condenser heat recovery for space heating

Energy Efficiency Measure Alternatives

Sample Regulated Load Savings

Current Design performs 30.5%

better than ASHRAE 90.1-1999!

Sample Regulated & Unregulated

Load Savings

Goal: Provide a Day lit Building

achieving a Daylight Factor of 2%

or better

Advanced Solar Energy Daylighting

•Capital Incentives

•Technical Assistance

Daylighting: Desired Outcomes

Make the store look bright, attractive and open

Save energy and reduce peak demand

Light merchandise so as to make it look appealing

Mitigate any adverse affects on perishable products

Use daylight to stimulate sales

Base Design – No Daylight in

General Merchandise Aisles

Lighting Power Density = 0.55 w/sf =

Design Targets = 60 HFC & 58 VFC

Daylighting Design Goal

3 7

22

3 6

19

5 7

19

6 717

6 1015

7 11 12 8 12 11 7 11 137 10 13

6 817

2 6

22

2 5

24

63

98

205

CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD CL PC CD

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC ANNUAL

Average Days CL-Clear PC-Partly Cloudy CD-Cloudy

Cloud Cover Data for Syracuse, NY 1962 to 2006

National Climatic Data Center

Weather Conditions

Clear Sky

Conditions

Overcast Sky

Conditions

9:00 am

Noon

Alternative 1 – 4 x 4 Skylight

06/21

3:00 pm

&

6:00 pm

Clear Sky

Conditions

Overcast Sky

Conditions

9:00 am

Noon

3:00 pm

Alternative 1 – 4 x 4 Skylight

12/21

Clear Sky

Conditions

Overcast Sky

Conditions

9:00 am

Noon

3:00 pm

&

6:00 pm

Alternative 2 – 4 x 8 Skylight

6/21

Clear Sky

Conditions

Overcast Sky

Conditions

9:00 am

Noon

3:00 pm

Alternative 2 – 4 x 8 Skylight

12/21

Advanced Solar Daylighting

116

192

272332

272246

511 551465

90

148

206250

205187

386 417351

63

100

133157

129117

236 257217

28

47

67

85 8474

112

140 135

20

34

48

61 6053

80

10089

12

20

29

37 3632

48

6053

10

100

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F

o

o

t

c

a

n

d

l

e

s

Base Case 6/21 10am clear

Base Case 9/22 10am clear

Base Case 12/21 10am clear

Base Case 6/21 10am overcast

Base Case 9/22 10am overcast

Base Case 12/21 10am overcast

Base Case

311

425 456 430

315

197 183162 156

238

331295

251

182

120 114 119 116

198

256

198

145

102

7870

95 89106

143 149124

86

63 5948

41

76

102 10688

61

45 4234

29

46

61 6453

37

27 2521

18

10

100

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F

o

o

t

c

a

n

d

l

e

s

Wedge 6/21 10am clear

Wedge 9/22 10am clear

Wedge 12/21 10am clear

Wedge 6/21 10am overcast

Wedge 9/22 10am overcast

Wedge 12/21 10am overcast

118141

164137

102113 106

91

70

149

218 228 222 207 199

140166

184

138

220251 257 245 236

202

254 269

63

86102 100

8473

83 90

68

45

6272 71

6052

59 64

49

27

3744 43

3631

36 39

29

10

100

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F

o

o

t

c

a

n

d

l

e

s

Light Scoop 6/21 10am clear

Light Scoop 9/22 10am clear

Light Scoop 12/21 10am clear

Light Scoop 6/21 10am overcast

Light Scoop 9/22 10am overcast

Light Scoop 12/21 10am overcast

118141

164137

102113 106

91

70

149

218 228 222 207 199

140166

184

138

220251 257 245 236

202

254 269

63

86102 100

8473

83 90

68

45

6272 71

6052

59 64

49

27

3744 43

3631

36 39

29

10

100

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F

o

o

t

c

a

n

d

l

e

s

6/21 10am clear

9/22 10am clear

12/21 10am clear

6/21 10am overcast

9/22 10am overcast

12/21 10am overcast

118141

164137

102113 106

91

70

149

218 228 222 207 199

140166

184

138

220251 257 245 236

202

254 269

63

86102 100

8473

83 90

68

45

6272 71

6052

59 64

49

27

3744 43

3631

36 39

29

10

100

1000

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

F

o

o

t

c

a

n

d

l

e

s

6/21 10am clear

9/22 10am clear

12/21 10am clear

6/21 10am overcast

9/22 10am overcast

12/21 10am overcast

Wedge Light

Scoop

Goal: LEED® Certification

Green Building Assistance

•Green Building Charrette

•Technical Assistance

The integrated design process is the key to

producing high performance green buildings

within budget.

Green Building Charrette Objectives:

1. Gain an understanding of the process required to

realize high performance LEED® goals.

2. Establish preliminary LEED ® performance goals.

3. Familiarize participants with the importance of this

approach.

4. Identify design concepts and strategies.

5. Assign Champions.

6. Establish next steps.

Charrette Tools

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1 – Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof

• Intent: Reduce heat islands (thermal gradient differences

between developed and undeveloped areas) to minimize on

microclimate and human and wildlife habitat.

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1 – Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof

• Option 1

Shade

Cover at Least 50% of the Site Hardscape with These:

High Reflectance Paving Open Grid Paving

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.1 – Heat Island Effect: Non-Roof

• Option 2

50% Parking Spaces under cover

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.2 – Heat Island Effect: Roof

• Option 1: Reflective Roofing Materials

Reflectance

High Reflectance Roof

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.2 – Heat Island Effect: Roof

• Option 2: Vegetated Roof

Option 3: Combinations of Options 1 and 2

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.2 – Heat Island Effect: Roof

LEED ® Sustainable SitesCredit 7.2 – Heat Island Effect: Roof

www.cee1.org

Thank you!

Questions?