D2.2. First selection of BIPV products selection of BIPV products_m12_ACC_Final.pdfdissemination and exploitation of the results within WP7. D2.2. First selection of BIPV products

BFIRST

Building-integrated fibre-reinforced solar technology

Grant agreement no.: 296016

Dissemination level

X PU = Public

PP = Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)

RE = Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)

CO = Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)

© Copyright BFIRST Project 2012 - All Rights Reserved

D2.2. First selection of BIPV products

Editor: Jorge Escribano Troncoso ACCIONA

Contributor(s): Enrique Daroqui ATERSA

Tjerk Reijenga BEAR

José María Vega de Seoane

Igor Arrizabalaga

Eduardo Roman Medina TECNALIA

Issue Date 05 April 2013 (m12)

Deliverable Number D.2.2

WP WP2: Development of a BIPV elements portfolio

Status �Draft �Working �Released Delivered to EC �Approved by EC


BFIRST: GA no.: 296016

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Disclaimer

The information in this document is provided as is and no guarantee or warranty is given that

the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its

sole risk and liability.

The document reflects only the author’s views and the Community is not liable for any use

that may be made of the information contained therein.

Document history

V Date Author Description

V1 20/03/2013 Jorge

Escribano

Troncoso

Version 1 of D2.2 and appendixes A and B, with the

photovoltaic and architectural analyses of BFIRST

products selected for demo.

V2



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Summary

This deliverable describes the actions undertaken to generate a set of BIPV products to be

included in the BFISRT portfolio. “D.2.2. First selection of BIPV products” gathers the

designs planned to be developed throughout the project as conceptual or real products. It has

been proposed a total of 11 ideas, some of which will be taken for prototyping and testing in

laboratory and real demonstration. Additionally, several technical templates concerning

geometrical and material details of designs, construction and energy features, and other

subjects has been elaborated in order to characterize completely the products of portfolio.

A detailed explanation of the management of the works carried out within the first phase of

WP2 and other considerations are given in this deliverable. Nevertheless, the most important

information delivered is included in the annexed documents, where preliminary designs of

products for cataloguing and demonstration and technical templates for characterization are

attached.



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Contents

SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. 3

ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................ 5

1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 6

2. OBJECTIVES..................................................................................................................... 7

3. DESCRIPTION OF WORK ............................................................................................. 8

3.1 GENERAL DISTRIBUTION OF WORK .................................................................................. 8

3.2 ACTIVITY PLANNING ........................................................................................................ 9

3.3 DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................................ 9

3.4 IDEA TEMPLATE ............................................................................................................ 11

3.5 GENERIC TECHNICAL TEMPLATE ................................................................................... 16

4. SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR THE BFIRST PORTFOLIO AND DEMO .... 19

4.1 SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR BFIRST PORTFOLIO ....................................................... 19

4.2 SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR BFIRST DEMO ............................................................... 26

5. ELABORATION OF TECHNICAL TEMPLATES .................................................... 28

6. CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 31

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................. 32



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Abbreviations

BIPV Building Integrated Photovoltaics

BFIRST Building-integrated fibre-reinforced solar technology

BIM Building Information Modelling



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1. Introduction

Currently, there is a wide range of commercial BIPV products in the PV market. But up to

day the almost totality of BIPV products are conceived only as PV units conveniently adapted

to the use for building integration. One of the most remarkable aims of BFIRST project is the

consideration of the double energy & constructive functionality facets of BIPV from the

earlier steps of design and development.

The catalogues of BFIRST project will be preferentially aimed to architects and construction

professionals. From this point of view, the constructive functionality of the BIPV units

acquires a notable relevance, because architects and construction technical (often with limited

knowledge of photovoltaics and specific requirements to develop their building works) will be

able to access quickly and easily to the available BIPV solutions. In the other hand, the use of

the fibre-reinforced materials as matrix for the PV cells array encapsulation adds an important

innovation factor to the adaptation of BIPV products to the varied range of the architectural

scenarios. These and other aspects has been deeply worked during the design stage and

thoroughly discussed between the consortium’s partners involved in “WP2. Development of a

BIPV elements portfolio”, in order to get a good set of products for cataloguing and

demonstration aligned with the project targets and the possibilities of the demo-site buildings.

During WP2 in the framework of BFIRST projects, and taking into account the above

resolutions, it will be conceived, designed and characterized the set of Building Integrated

Fibre-Reinforced Solar elements which will make up the portfolio of products.

BFIRST designs have been thought up within WP2 to achieve double-functionality energy-

construction elements for building integration in several architectural units: façade, roofs and

closings. These will be based on fibre-reinforced encapsulation technology, which will be

developed and tested in lab during the execution of WP3; and subsequently manufactured,

installed and demonstrated under real conditions at pilot scale in demo-site buildings within

WP4 and WP5. Finally, the whole of designs, as much the conceptually developed as the

prototyped ones, will be gathered together with their technical specifications in the catalogues

and guidelines of WP6. The right focus of the catalogues will decide the success of

dissemination and exploitation of the results within WP7.



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2. Objectives

The main actions in the framework of Task 2.2 WP2 are the conception of the ideas which

preliminary designs are based on, the execution of such designs and the selection of those set

aside for demonstration. During Task 2.2 it has been proposed ideas according to the original

targets of the project regarding products to develop: fibre-reinforced matrix; monolithic

structures; light weight; standardized, modular and flexible in shapes, up-scaling

manufacturing, easy setting up, competitive price, etc.

The main goals of Task2.2 are to achieve a complete set of products based on the above

requirements and grouped by families, in order to cover the wide range of applications for

BIPV. Partners involved in design stage have taken into consideration these and other

subjects, as well as the viability of selected products setting up at demo-site buildings. The

designs showed in this document and Annex attached has been analyzed from the point of

view of photovoltaics and architecture. All this efforts are addressed to ensure the multi-

functionality of BFIRST products, as photovoltaics generation and construction units, one of

the most important objectives of the project.

An additional aim has been assumed during the execution of this task: guarantee the quickly

and easily introduction of the products designs and the technical characteristics into the

structure of portfolio. This purpose will allow the execution of a high quality and versatile

catalogue and guidelines for architects, constructers and any other stakeholder. The planning

of technical templates to characterize each product is conceived aligned with this target, since

these data-sheets will be gotten the technical specification of final products of the catalogue.

In the other hand, geometrical design of products has been developed from the beginning in

CAD format in order to make easy its implementation in Building Information Modelling

tools (BIM).

Up to day, it goes on open the debate around the products proposed for cataloguing and

demonstration; and a deep and interesting discussion are taken place between the partners

involves, not only in the design process but also in the demo-sites setting up. The objective of

generating a dynamic work forum, where to reach a consensus about every option of BFIRST

product and demonstration, has been really success as will be explained in the next chapter.



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3. Description of work

3.1 General distribution of work

The deliverable “D2.2 First selection of BIPV products” is the first one of the “Task 2.2

Contents of the portfolio” within the “WP2 Development of a BIPV elements portfolio”.

ACCIONA is in charge of leading this work package and all its tasks, and together with

TECNALIA, BEAR and ATERSA, of carrying out the works planned for them.

The distribution of responsibilities was thought to develop the ideas of photovoltaics building

integration taking into account simultaneously the double constructive and energy

functionality of products from the preliminary designs. In this regard, ACCIONA and

TECNALIA assumed the work to conceive the ideas and to carry out a first version of each

design. Afterwards, BEAR and ATERSA provided support to the theoretical validation,

improvement and extension of proposed designs; by means of both analyses from the point of

view of architecture and photovoltaics disciplines, respectively.

Figure 1. Distribution of work for Task 2.2



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3.2 Activity planning

The activity throughout the first phase of Task 2.2 has followed the next planning:

• Preliminary designs of BFIRST products: it was generated an “Idea Template” with a

fulfilment guideline to show the preliminary geometrical designs and main material and

functional characteristics of BIPV products (see “Figure 3” of Section 3.3 of this

document). ACCIONA and TECNALIA developed and proposed several original designs

for the portfolio of products.

• Selection of BIPV products: the proposed ideas were discussed between the partners of

consortium during the General Assembly Meeting, celebrated the 3rd and 4th of

December 2013 in Madrid. As a result of this debate 11 preliminary designs were chosen

to be included within the porfolio of BFIRST products; some of which were selected to be

prototyped and tested under controlled and real working conditions in labs and demo-site

buildings.

• Analysis of BIPV products: the proposed ideas were analysed by BEAR and TECNALIA,

under architectural and photovoltaics criteria, giving their opinions and suggestions about

the preliminary designs proposed by TECNALIA and ACCIONA. The subjects of these

analyses were the following: geometrical design, manufacturing materials, electrical and

structural configurations, etc.), as well as proposals of families of standardized products

based on the preliminary or advanced designs.

• Technical templates for the characterization of BFIRST products: the rest of labours

within Task2.2 were focused to generate a set of technical templates aimed to gather every

technical specification regarding the BFIRST products in order to make possible the

creation of the sheets for the catalogues. A “Generic Technical Template” was elaborated

with this purpose (see “Figure 4” of Section 3.3 of this document).

3.3 Documentation

Product’s designs and specifications will be reviewed, corrected and improved several times

throughout the execution of WP2, based on the conclusions of architectural and photovoltaics

analysis, and other considerations coming from the requirements imposed by the BFIRST

demo-site buildings, the results of the developments in lab testing, the manufacturing

limitations, etc.

Specifications of every product selected will be defined through the completely filling out of

technical templates at the end of the Task 2.2. The set of technical cards for each product will

constitute the Product Folder. The collection of every product folders will form the Product

Portfolio, which will be showed in a first version within the deliverable “D2.3. Specifications

for every product selected”.



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Product folders will be finished taken into account the conditionings mentioned above during

the “Task 2.3 Detailed design of BIPV elements”. The final version of the Product Portfolio

will be published once finished the WP2, with detailed designs and simulations of those

products selected for demonstration.

A basic scheme of the documentation generated during the carrying out of the WP2 is showed

in the following figure:

Figure 2. Documentation generated throughout Task 2.2.

The information contained in the final version of BFIRST Portfolio of Products will be used

to manufacture the prototypes and setting up them at the demo-site buildings. It will be also

the main information source to make up the BFIRST catalogues and guidelines during the

execution of WP6.

The first documents needed to carry out the WP2 were the “Idea” and “Technical” templates.

In the next sections both of them are attached.



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3.4 Idea Template

REGISTER Project BFIRST. Task 2.2. Contents of the portfolio Sub-Task 2.2.1

Category Ventilated façade/ Curtain wall/ Skylight/ Roofing

shingle/ Shading system

BFIRST-

VF/CW/SL/

SS/RS

Denomination Original denomination of product BFIRST-XX-0X

Partner/s Company/s

Author/s Name/s

PICTURE

Artistic sketches/ Design plans/ Exploded drawings/ Explanation legends

DIFFERENTIAL FEATURES

Architectural location Façade/ Roof/ Others

Construction unit Ventilated façade/ Curtain wall/ Skylight/ Roofing shingle/ Shading system/

Others

Technological unit Photovoltaics/ Thermal/ Hybrid Thermal-PV/ Others

Description Short description of the idea, in terms of: design, materials, building integrated

applications, installation requirements, etc.

Justification

Short justification of the idea, in terms of: construction functionalities; active,

passive and reactive energy features, aesthetical properties, manufacturing and

economic benefits, etc.



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DETAILED DESCRIPTION

GEOMETRICAL DESIGN

Dimensions Length, width, height/ Standardized variants

Geometrical shape Rectangular/ Square/ Hexagonal/ Flat/ Concave/ Standardized variants/ Others

MATERIALS

Configuration Double glassing/ hollow casing/ one pieced unit/ Others

Layers

Description of layer from the topside to the backside of the unit: Superstratum

(Glass/ Others) + Intermediate layers (PV Fibre-reinforced layer/ Air gap/ Others)

+ Substratum (Glass/ Aluminium/ Composites/ Concrete/ Stone/Slate/ Others)

Frame structure Frameless/ Aluminium/ Composite/ Wood/ Others

PV technology Si-monocristaline/ Si-monocristaline/ Si-amorphous/ Thin film/ Others

PV encapsulate PV Fibre-reinforced layer/ EVA/ Others

Superficial treatments Optical treatments/ Textured superficies/ Fireproof treatments/ Others

Thermal collector system Thermal collector + pipe circuit + thermal fluids (Air/ Water/ Others)/ Others

Thermal isolation Vacuum/ Inert gas/ Rockwool/ Others

Acoustic isolation Vacuum/ Inert gas/ Rockwool/ Metallic panels/ Others

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Weight Estimated weight

Rigidity Rigid/ Flexible/ Others

Opacity Opaque/ Translucent/ Silk screen printing/ Lattice working/ Adjustable/ Other

Mobility Mobile parts/ Solar tracking/ Automatisms/ Others

AESTHETICAL PROPERTIES

Material quality Aesthetical look

Colour and bright Colour and bright

Geometrical shape Geometrical shape

INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS

Integration method Superposition/ Closing/ Holding element/ Others

Fixing mechanism Mechanical anchoring/ Gravity overlapping/ Others

Additional elements Substructures/ Supports/ Anchorages/ Fasteners/ Others

Pipes Location of electrical, water, air and fluids pipes.

ACTIVE ENERGY FEATURES

Photovoltaics power Nominal power per BIPV unit/ Nominal power per m2 of construction unit

Thermal power Solar thermal efficiency

Solar tracking Gain for solar tracking

PASSIVE AND REACTIVE ENERGY FEATURES

Optical transmittance Optical features

Thermal transmittance Thermal features

Reactive mechanisms Reactive mechanisms to activate passive measures

MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Manufacturing process Manufacturing procedures step-by-step description: PV encapsulating methods,

assembly, automation, scaling, standardization/ Others.

ENVIROMENTAL IMPACT

Environmental impact Low environmental impact measures

ECONOMIC ESTIMATIONS

Costs Cost of the product per BIPV unit/ Cost of the product per m2 of construction unit



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PHOTOVOLTAICS ANALYSIS

REGISTER

Partner/s ATERSA

Author/s Name/s

PV ANALYSIS OF PRELIMINARY DESIGN

Proposal of changes of preliminary design/s from the point of view of PV functionality: technical viability of the

PV products working in building integrated applications.

DEFINITION, ESTANDARDIZATION AND EXTENSION OF PV PRODUCTS

Proposal of standardized families of products (tables) that considers a wide range of: power, different sizes and

shapes.

MATERIALS AND ELECTRIC CHARACTERISTICS

Proposals of use of: different cell typologies, geometrical and electrical configurations of PV array, number and

location of by-pass diodes, kind and location of connectors, use of power optimization devices (micro-inverters

or micro-converters), etc.

MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES

Advises about manufacturing procedure, if it is required by the specific designs: handling of cells, soldering of

ribbon, placing of strings, restrictions for fibre-reinforced encapsulation, soldering and extraction of buses,

installing of diodes, installing of connection boxes and optimizers, etc.

WORK CONDITIONS

Advises about the most suitable work conditions and list of natural restrictions imposed by the designs, in order

to make an appropriate use of the product from the electrical-energy point of view.



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ARQUITECTURAL ANALYSIS

REGISTER

Partner/s BEAR

Author/s Name/s

ARQUITECTURAL ANALYSIS OF PRELIMINARY DESIGN

Proposal of changes of preliminary design/s from the point of view of architectural functionality: technical and

aesthetical viability of the construction products in architecture projects.

DEFINITION, ESTANDARDIZATION AND EXTENSION OF BIPV PRODUCTS

Proposal of standardized families of products (tables), that considers a wide range of constructive features and

functionalities, within the CI/SfB, Uniclass and/or EPIC classifications and BIPV products CENELEC standards

(codes).

MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS

Proposals of use of different material for the implementation of products considering its structural, insulation,

thermal, acoustic, etc. features and functionalities for building integration.

MANUFACTURING PROCEDURES

Advises about manufacturing procedure, if it is required by the specific designs.

WORK CONDITIONS

Advises about the most suitable work conditions and list of natural restrictions imposed by the designs, in order

to make an appropriate use of the product from the construction point of view.



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FULFILMENT GUIDELINE OF IDEA TEMPLATE

Fulfilment of Idea Template.

• Idea Template has been conceived to show in a quick and effective manner the products proposals, in

order to be evaluated by members of the consortium involved in Task 2.2.

• Explanations of different features of the proposed ideas must be more descriptive than numeric. Once

decided the set of products that will be included in the portfolio, they will be numerically characterized

during Task 2.3. Illustrations are also important, try to show graphically as detailed as possible the

geometrical and material configuration of the BIPV unit and integration procedure.

Generation of Ideas.

• Designer partners will have to propose at least five BIPV elements; one per every category including

in BFIRST portfolio, and fulfil an Idea Template for everyone:

- BIPV Curtain wall unit.

- BIPV Ventilated façade unit.

- BIPV Skylight unit.

- BIPV Roofing shingle unit.

- BIPV Shading system unit.

• Common characteristics to all the elements:

- PV Encapsulating must be executed by the method based on fibre-reinforced composite materials

developed within BFIRST project.

- BIPV units must have constructive and energy multi-functionality.

- BIPV units should be able successfully integrated in architectural environment and submitted to

aesthetic criteria of design.

- BIPV units should be able to meet the UE standards according to the Construction Products

Regulation (305/2011/EU-CPR).

• Some extra characteristics:

- New variants of the method based on fibre-reinforced composite materials could be proposed.

- New or extensive functionalities of BIPV units will be appreciated positively, such as: heat

collection and/or dissipation (BIPVT, Building Integrated Photovoltaic Thermal), energy passive

and/or reactive properties, structural functionality in the building, etc.

- The use of the same products like different construction unit, or in different architectural locations,

would increase the applicability of the product.

- Originality of design and aesthetical results could bring an added value to the catalogue.

- Easily scaling and standardizing would multiply the number and options of products for the

portfolio, making possible the customization of BIPV systems.

Architectural and photovoltaics analysis.

• Partners involved must to give their opinions and suggestions about the preliminary designs. In this

regard, architectural and photovoltaics analysis will be carry out about the following subjects:

- BIPV analysis of preliminary designs.

- Definition, standardization and extension of BIPV products.

- Material, constructive and electric characteristics.

- Manufacturing procedures and work conditions.

• Preliminary designs will be redesigned according with the architectural and photovoltaics analysis

within Task 2.3, with especial attention to those selected for demonstration.

Figure 3. Idea template of BFIRST product



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3.5 Generic Technical Template

TECHNICAL TEMPLATE REFERENCE

Technical subject

One of the following, here and in the title above:

- T1. General Description, Design and Materials of BIPV Products.

- T2. Mechanical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T3. Architectural Integration of BIPV Products.

- T4. Electrical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T5. Thermal Performance of BIPV Products.

- T6. Optical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T7. Acoustic Performance of BIPV Products.

- T8. Manufacturing processes of BIPV Products.

- T9. Estimation of PV Production of BIPV systems.

- T10. Simulation of Passive Performance of BIPV systems.

- T11. Economical Evaluation and Benefits of BIPV Products.

Partner Company

Author Name

UNIT

SUB-UNIT

Subject Descriptive value

Concept/s Text

Subject Value 1 Unit 1 Value 2 Unit 2 Value 3 Unit 3

Parameter/s Number Unit Number Unit Number Unit

Observations:

Legend/ Explanations/ Reference conditions/ Data source/ Copyrights/ Others.

Subject Descriptive value

Concept/s Text

Subject Value 1 Unit 1 Value 2 Unit 2 Value 3 Unit 3

Parameter/s Number Unit Number Unit Number Unit

Observations:

Legend/ Explanations/ Reference conditions/ Data source/ Copyrights/ Others.



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UNIT

SUB-UNIT

Pictures: Artistic sketches/ Design plans/ Exploded drawings/ Manufacturing procedure/ Installing procedure/

Simulation data/ Graphics/ Simulation screens/ Graphic design image/ Others.

Pictures 1

Pictures 2

Pictures 3

Pictures 4

Pictures 5

Observations:

Legends/ Explanations/ Testing and measuring reference conditions / Data sources/ Copyrights/ Others.



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ELABORATION GUIDELINE OF TECHNICAL TEMPLATES

Technical Templates.

• Every partners of the “Task 2.2” will create several “Technical Templates”. These templates will

correspond to every technical aspect of the products, and they will be also used forward: in “D2.3.

Specifications for every product selected” for the characterization of products, and in “Task 2.3.2” for

the detailed characterization and simulation of the BIPV selected for demonstration.

• The collection of these templates, once filled out them for every products of the portfolio, will constitute

the information package (“Product Folder”) needed to make up the catalogues and guidelines of WP6.

The collection of “Products Folder” will constitute the “Products Portfolio”.

• Denomination of Technical Templates:

- T1. General Description, Design and Materials of BIPV Products.

- T2. Mechanical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T3. Architectural Integration of BIPV Products.

- T4. Electrical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T5. Thermal Performance of BIPV Products.

- T6. Optical Performance of BIPV Products.

- T7. Acoustic Performance of BIPV Products.

- T8. Manufacturing processes of BIPV Products.

- T9. Estimation of PV Production of BIPV systems.

- T10. Simulation of Passive Performance of BIPV systems.

- T11. Economical Evaluation and Benefits of BIPV Products.

Guideline for the elaboration of Technical Templates.

• Every template must show the technical parameters or features useful for the total characterization of

the products and their integration in architectural environments.

• “Technical Templates” must be thought to satisfy the needs of characterization of every BIPV product

of the portfolio: ventilated façades, curtain walls, skylights, roofing shingle and shading systems. Then,

it is necessary that be complete and flexible.

• The Technical Templates might content: tables, pictures, graphics, etc. in the format suggested in this

“Generic Technical Template”.

• You can define several data levels to make up the tables:

- “UNIT” and “SUB-UNIT”: correspond to building or technological units/sub-units,

manufacturing/ installing procedures, economical/ financial calculations, etc.

- “Subject”: is a unit of minor order such as: matter, issue, aspect, etc.

- “Concept/s” and “Parameter/s”: regard descriptive and numerical characteristics. There are

three cells to introduce numerical values per parameter, this has been thought to be able to

introduce values such as: geometrical dimensions, unit/m2, unit/€, unit/year, etc.

• You can define several graphic units to make up the pictures:

- “TITLES” and “SUB-TITLES”: artistic sketches, design plans, exploded drawings, manufacturing/

installing procedure, simulation screens, graphic design images, etc.

• In the cell “Observation” any additional information can be included, such as legends, explanations,

testing and measuring reference conditions, data sources, copyrights, etc.

• Some additional requirements:

- Measure units of the parameters must be expressed in metric system, except for exceptions.

- Economical parameters must be expressed in Euros, without VAT or any tax.

- Every technical template will have its own structure and distribution, make up them freely.

Figure 4. Generic Technical Template for BFIRST products characterization.



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4. Selection of products for the BFIRST portfolio and demo

4.1 Selection of products for BFIRST portfolio

A set of BIPV products were proposed by TECNALIA and ACCIONA in order to configure

the BFIRST portfolio of products.

Façades and roofs of buildings will be the architectural units where placing the BFIRST

products of the portfolio. None of them will have structural functionality; so that, they will be

considered as self-supporting construction elements from the point of view or architecture

with similar requirements of façade and roofing traditional units, besides the photovoltaics

ones. In the other hand, several functions might be assumed by the products within the

architectural spaces where will be set up:

- Façades: ventilated façade unit, curtain wall, shading system unit.

- Roofs: skylight unit, roofing shingle.

Some BFIRST products offer the possibility to be used for different functionalities depending

on the location, the anchoring system chosen to fix them at the building envelop and the

energy passive features of constructive solutions. This versatility makes possible to reduce

manufacturing costs and it makes easy the execution of the building integration, even

adapting the construction units right on the building site in order to customize the product for

the final function to carry out. The energy active and passive functionalities would reduce the

energy consumption and save money to the property. Standardization and aesthetical subjects

have been also taken into account to make up the portfolio of products. Functional,

standardization and aesthetical versatility will be the main criteria to create families of

products coming from the original ideas proposed.

Several manufacturing materials and procedures to implement the BFIRST products have

been considered. The only common requirement for the whole of products proposed is the

encapsulating method of the photovoltaics array within a fibre-reinforced composite matrix,

which will be developed and improved within the Task 3 of BFIRST project. Nevertheless,

depending on the specific characteristics of the product to manufacture, different possibilities

of apply this procedure will be considered. Overall in those cases in which other material

layers to procure any certain feature are involved. In the other hand, framing and anchoring

systems have a relevant importance for the designs of products and the placement at the

building envelop. In any cases, these subjects make the difference among the several

possibilities of uses and integration typologies of the products in building.

Taking into account all the subjects expressed above, it has been generated a set of 11 BIPV

products to include in the BFIRST portfolio covering the diversity of architectural spaces and

uses, 3 ventilated façades elements and 2 elements of the rest of construction units: curtain

wall, shading system unit, skylight unit and roofing shingle:



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- VF01. Non-planar ventilated façade module.

- VF02. Ventilated façade unit.

- VF03. Translucent PV ventilated façade.

- CW01. PV layer for curtain-walls.

- CW02. PV-T diffusor curtain wall.

- SL01. Planar skylight module.

- SL02. PV ventilated skylight.

- RS01. Planar shingle.

- RS02. PV sawtooth roofing shingles.

- SE01. Shading element for windows.

- SE02. Folding-screen shading system.

Detailed preliminary designs and characteristics are collected in the “Appendix A. Products of

Portfolio” attached to this document. Following, a short presentation of products is showed:

VF01. Non-planar ventilated façade module

Definition Hybrid thermal-photovoltaics ventilated façade

Picture

Short description

A façade cladding element with integrated PV technologies,

manufactured in composite materials and as the outer envelope of

a ventilated façade.

Design concept: curved panel with planar regions where the PV

cells would be placed.

The ventilated façade concept allows the hybridity of the panel to

be considered.

The curved transitions between planar regions provide with

additional rigidity from a mechanical viewpoint, as well as being

aesthetically attractive, given the possibilities that composites

offer in terms of design with respect to other more conventional

solutions (i.e. glass).



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VF02. Ventilated façade unit

Definition

Hybrid thermal-photovoltaics ventilated façade

Picture

Short description

Definition: façade cladding element with integrated PV

technologies, manufactured in composite materials and as the

outer envelope of a ventilated façade.

Design concept: flat panel with boundary ribs.

Improvements: the ventilated façade concept allows the hybridity

of the panel to be considered.

Simplicity in terms of manufacturing and the needed mould and

facilities; ease of handling and transporting; most standard and

common shape and geometry; low cost; hidden fixations; the

boundary ribs add mechanical rigidity to the component.

VF03. Translucent PV ventilated façade

Definition

Photovoltaics construction element for ventilated façades and skylights.

Picture

Short description

Photovoltaics module encapsulated with fibre-reinforced and

resin over single glass super-stratum.

External unit of the ventilated façade. Internal one would be a

double glass unit with insulating air chamber. The façade as a

whole would be fixed to the floor building structure by means

mechanical anchoring.

Dissipation of residual thermal energy would be carried out by

natural convection through the backside of the panels, to take

advantage of the differential atmospheric pressure between the

top and the bottom of the façade. Thermal dissipation would

improve the PV performance. The PV construction element could

be also located with similar passive energy use in the roof of the

building, having a complete envelop covering the building entire.



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CW01. PV layer for curtain-walls Definition

Photovoltaics layer for curtain-walls.

Picture

Short description

A composite-made element for curtain-walls with integrated PV

technologies, to be mounted in-between curtain-wall glass layers.

Design concept: flat panels mounted or assembled to the curtain-

wall frame in its boundary by means of chemical bonding

systems. The number of cells may be adapted to lighting

requirements inside the building.


facilities; ease of handling and transporting; low cost. Ease of

replacing.

CW02. PV-T diffusor curtain wall Definition

Hybrid photovoltaics-thermal layer for curtain-walls.

Picture

Short description


resin. Insulation thermal properties by means of a flat metal

sheet, consisting of the dissipation and diffusion of the thermal

energy coming from the PV cells.

Hybrid photovoltaics-thermal units would be fixed with metallic

anchoring to the metal supporting substructure. Additionally,

metallic thermal bridges and diffusers would be connected

resulting in a large thermal conducting array that would transfer

the residual heat from the façade to a radiant floor. Here, the air

heated by the diffusers would be used for the building indoor

acclimatization.

The design might be used, besides, as an exterior layer of a

ventilated façade unit.



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SL01. Planar skylight module Definition

Skylight photovoltaics module for roof application.

Picture

Short description

A translucent composite-made element for roofs with integrated

PV technologies.

Design concept: flat panels mounted or assembled to the roof

structure by means of chemical bonding systems. The number

and disposition of cells may be adapted to lighting requirements

inside the building.


facilities; ease of handling and transporting; low cost.

SL02. PV ventilated skylight Definition

Skylight photovoltaics module for ventilated roof application.

Picture

Short description


resin over single glass super-stratum.

It makes the function of dynamic shading elements of a double

skylight system. The inner piece would be a double glass unit

with insulated air chamber. The skylight system as a whole

would be fixed to the roof building structure by means

mechanical anchoring. Dissipation of residual thermal energy

would be carried out by natural or forced convection through the

backside of the panels.

PV skylight could be positioned with different inclinations by

means mobile devices that adjusted the position in function of

one-axis solar tracking or air ventilation and shading criteria.



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RS01. Planar shingle Definition

Photovoltaics shingle for roof application.

Picture

Short description

A translucent composite-made element for roofs with integrated

PV technologies.

Design concept: flat panels mounted or assembled to the roof

main or secondary structure by means of mechanical fixing

systems.


facilities; ease of handling and transporting; low cost; ease of

replacing.

RS02. PV sawtooth roofing shingles Definition

Photovoltaics shingle for roof application.

Picture

Short description

Roof covering system consisting of individual overlapping

elements with fibre-reinforced PV encapsulations, easy and

quickly of setting-up. It would be advisable to reduce the size of

the elements, probably too much large in this draft version, using

a basic unit with a single or double PV string. Roofing shingle

can also be used as façade units.

It reduces the thermal load of the building and may have the

optimal inclination for PV generation. The air would flow

throughout the air chamber under the roofing shingles to dissipate

the extra heat generated by PV cells, increasing besides the PV

performance. The overlapping of the elements guaranty the

waterproofing and the sloping and sawtooth shape of the roofing

shingles prevent from the snow and dirt gathering.



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SE01. Shading element for windows Definition

Shading element for windows.

Picture

Short description

A shading element for windows with integrated PV technologies,

manufactured in composite materials, for building inner passive

thermal regulation.

Design concept: basically flat panel with slight curvatures and

with boundary and transversal metallic guide system.


facilities; ease of handling and transporting; most standard and

common shape and geometry, while the slight curvatures add

mechanical rigidity to the component; low cost; the boundary and

transversal guide system adds mechanical rigidity to the

component.

SE02. Folding-screen shading system Definition

Shading element for windows and other uses.

Picture

Short description

PV versatile shadowing systems for façade integration in

windows or balconies. Basic unit of a single PV cells string

encapsulated within a fibre-reinforced matrix.

The mechanical joining of basic units among themselves allows a

wide range of geometrical configurations: flat, wedge, canopy,

folding screen, etc. It may be used manual or automatic mobile

mechanisms to change the shape of the element depending of the

current solar and demand conditions.

The wide versatility of the basic unit and its ring shaped

couplings make possible to choose the optimal geometry, and to

adapt the PV generating surface in function of the specific façade

orientation. The customized design will allow approaching the

PV production curve to the electrical demand profile.

Figure 4. Presentation of preliminary designs of BFIRST products for cataloguing and demo



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4.2 Selection of products for BFIRST demo

As said in the description of works of the Task 2.2, some of the BIPV products ideated by

ACCIONA and TECNALIA and analyzed by BEAR and ATERSA were proposed to be

tested in laboratory and real demo-site buildings located in 3 different countries of the

European Union.

This task was the main topic debated during the last General Assembly Meeting, celebrated in

Madrid on the 3rd and 4th of December 2013. The subjects regarding the detailed designs of

products for demonstration and the requirements of integration at the demos-site buildings are

still under discussion.

At the moment, 5 BIPV products have been selected for prototyping and testing, each one of

which will be set up in one of the 3 demo-site buildings of Spain, Greece and Belgium:

• Spanish demo-site:

- CW01. PV layer for curtain-walls.

- SL02. PV ventilated skylight.

• Greek demo-site:

- VF01. Non-planar ventilated façade module.

- SE02. Folding-screen shading system.

• Belgium demo-site:

- RS02. PV sawtooth roofing shingles.

Selected products for demonstration will be designed with a maximum detail throughout the

next task of WP2. Designs, materials and procedures are being conceived to achieve products

easily adaptable to the needs of the specific buildings, in projects of new construction and

retrofitting. BFIRST products will be able to be used in a wide range of circumstances in

building works. The customization of the designs proposed for demo in the framework of

BFIRST project will be a practice example of this advantage. In this regard, some aspects of

the detailed designs of prototypes will be conditioned to the characteristics of the constructive

environment of demo-site buildings.

In the next figure it is showed the last advances regarding the constructive considerations

about the building integration of selected products. Architectural and installations plans are

being examined to procure the correct integration of the developed elements within the new or

retrofitted buildings. The presence of planned or existing elements of construction is being

taken into account.



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Selection of products for BFIRST demo BIPV Products

Demo-Sites

CW01

PV layer for curtain-walls

PV triple glazing

Location: Zamudio, Spain

Building: INGRID

It is new building of TECNALIA

adapted to test electrical smart-grids.

PV layer for curtain-walls will be set

up in the south-eastern façade of the

building. The degree of transparency

will be achieved by means the right

election of the distance between cells.

PV ventilated skylight will be set up

in the roof of the building, throughout

the main corridor, over the skylight

planed in the original project.

Anchoring system will be developed to

make an effective building integration.

SL02

PV ventilated skylight

PV skylight

PV triple glazing

VF01

Non-planar ventilated façade

Location: Pikermi, Greece

Building: residential house

It is a uni-familiar residential house,

provided by HERON, in retrofitting

project.

Non-planar ventilated façade will be

set up over the south-eastern façade of

building. It will be the larger area

dedicated to photovoltaics generation

in the demo-site, with additional

thermal passive features.

Folding-screen shading system will

be set up over the windows of the

south-eastern façade. Other different

configurations of the same product

might be tested in the balconies.

SE02

Folding-screen shading system

RS02

PV sawtooth roofing shingles

Location: Mons, Belgium

Building: residential complex

It is a residential house complex new

building, provided by VSM.

PV sawtooth roofing shingles will be

set up in the southern side of the roof.

Figure 5. Selection of products for BFIRST demo



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5. Elaboration of Technical Templates

“Technical Templates” are a set of index-cards useful for the complete characterization of

BFIRST products of the portfolio. Every technical aspect of the products will be showed in its

respective technical template.

They will be used during the execution of “D2.3. Specifications for every product selected”

and in “Task 2.3 Detailed designs of BIPV elements”, They will gather all the information

coming from the data sheets of commercial materials and devices used for the implementation

of the products, or generated by means of software simulations or direct testing in lab. They

will also content the guidelines for manufacturing, installing and operate the elements. As

well as environmental impacts; financial data regarding the products and their manufacturing,

integration and maintenance; and economic benefits foreseen for active power generation and

passive energy saves.

Once filled out, the collection of these templates regarding a product will form the product

folder, an information package needed to make up the catalogues and guidelines of WP6. The

set of products folder will constitute the portfolio of products, as explained in Section 3.3.

In order to carry out this task it has been generated a “Generic Technical Template”, attached

in Section 3.5, to make easy the subsequent creation of every technical template. Proposed

technical templates for the characterization of products are the following:

- T1. General Description, Design and Materials of BIPV Products: it will gather the

geometrical and material design and measures of the products including all their

components and occasionally, if necessary, additional pieces involved in the anchoring

or construction systems recommended as structural support. Together with the 2D and

3D plans of designs, a general description of the product will be also showed.

- T2. Mechanical Performance of BIPV Products: it will gather the mechanical and

dynamical behaviour of the elements. As said in Section 4.1, BFIRST products do not

make structural function from the point of view of architecture, but have to follow the

mechanical requirements of self-supporting construction units for façades or roofs

envelops. In any case, it might be possible to introduce details of management of hand

positioning or automatic solar tracking.

- T3. Architectural Integration of BIPV Products: it will gather all the information

needed to make an effective integration, within the architectural units of façade or

roof, from the functional and aesthetical points of view. Interaction with the rest of

construction elements will be taken into account for new buildings, and with the

existing elements for retrofitting projects. Details of setting up, maintenance and

removing procedures will be also explained.

- T4. Electrical Performance of BIPV Products: it will gather the whole of the electrical

data usually available in photovoltaics products data sheets, including those aimed to

calculated thermal losses and other parameters useful for the estimation of power



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production. Other electrical devices used will be also described in this section, as

optimizers, connectors, cables, diodes, etc.

- T5. Thermal Performance of BIPV Products: it will gather all the thermal properties of

the elements as construction units for façade or roof envelops. Some of the designs has

material insulation layer to protect the building inside of the solar radiation and the

heat dissipated by the photovoltaic generator. Some others have vacuum chambers to

make similar functions. This subject will be essential to simulate the thermal

behaviour of the building in order to achieve a comfortable inside environment.

- T6. Optical Performance of BIPV Products: it will gather the optical features of units,

aimed overall to evaluate the element as an energy passive unit able to absorb, reflect

or let the light of sun to go through. The optical performance will be especially

interested for shadowing systems proposed. These subjects will be also important to

understand the aesthetical possibilities of the products, as much from outside as from

inside of the buildings.

- T7. Acoustic Performance of BIPV Products: it will gather that information relevant to

control the acoustic insulation of the building inside. The measures to avoid the impact

of noises will be taken in junction with thermal insulation as usually in fitting out of

building envelops.

- T8. Manufacturing Processes of BIPV Products: it will gather all the instructions and

requirements for manufacturing the BFIRST products with the purpose to make

possible the implementation of products in factory and make easy the manufacture

works of the prototypes for demo. All the elements proposed have in common the use

of a matrix in fibre-reinforced composite, but there will be variations regarding the

rest of components involved in the making up and assembly of final products.

- T9. Estimation of PV Production of BIPV systems: it will gather the estimation of the

photovoltaics production for generic cases of integration in a building model, at

different locations of Europe and under several work conditions. Software tools of

photovoltaics estimation will be used for this task. It will be also estimated the

generation in the BFIRST demo-site buildings, with the purpose to compare the results

with those coming from the demonstration tests.

- T10. Simulation of Passive Performance of BIPV systems: it will gather the results of

passive energy simulations for a building model at different location of Europe. The

simulation will consider heating and lighting effects over the building envelope and

the influence of these factors at the building in order to ensure the wanted insider

comfort conditions.



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Figure 6. Location of demo-sites buildings and places chosen for the estimation of

photovoltaic production and the simulation of passive performance of BIPV systems

- T11. Economical Evaluation and Benefits of BIPV Products: it will gather all relevant

financial rates relative to the BFIRST products; such as manufacturing materials and

procedures, installation, maintenance and removing works, etc. This document will

also content data of economic benefits foreseen for active power generation and

passive energy saves.

The set of Technical Templates generated for the complete characterization of BFIRST

products are collected in the “Appendix B. Technical templates” attached to this document.



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6. Conclusion

The most important milestones and conclusions extracted during the execution of the first

phase of WP2 are the following:

- A total of eleven BIPV elements have been generated to be included in the BFIRST

portfolio of products.

- Every preliminary design has been conceived to carry out the double functionality,

energy and constructive, in the framework of new building and retrofitting projects.

- The viability of the designs has been verified by means of both analyses from the

point of view of photovoltaics and architecture. The first exams conclude that every

preliminary design is consistent, and they can work as energy generators and

construction units.

- Families of products have been proposed for every design, increasing the possibilities

of implementation and commercialization of the BFIRST products.

- Five of the eleven designs have been selected for being prototyped and tested in some

of the BFIRST demo-sites.

- A complete set of technical templates has been made in order to characterize every

property of the products. The subjects considered has been: geometrical and material

designs; electrical, mechanical, thermal, optical and acoustic features; architectural

integration; manufacturing procedures; simulation of active and passive performances;

and economic evaluation.

WP2 partner go on working about the proposed designs, with a special effort in those chosen

products for demonstration.



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Acknowledgements

The BFIRST Consortium would like to acknowledge the financial support of the European

Commission under the ENERGY programme.

Documents

D2.2. First selection of BIPV products selection of BIPV products_m12_ACC_Final.pdfdissemination and exploitation of the results within WP7. D2.2. First selection of BIPV products