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cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

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Page 1: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

702132/702835 European Architecture B

cultures in collision

Page 2: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIACopyright Regulations 1969

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This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of Melbourne pursuant to Part

VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).

The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further copying or communication of this material by you may be the subject of copyright protection

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do not remove this notice

Page 3: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

INDIAINDIA

Page 4: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Cathedral of S. Thomé, Madras, India, C16thJ F Butler, 'India and the Far East', in Gervis Frere-Cook [ed], The Art and Architecture of Christianity

(Cleveland [Ohio] 1972 [British edition, 1972, as The Decorative Arts of the Christian Church]), p 256, fig 2

Page 5: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Holy Cross Church, Verna, Goa (1568)

Later reredos

BB & H Lewis

Page 6: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Alex, Curtorim,

rebuilt 1647 (1597)

BB & H Lewis

Page 7: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church at Quilon, Kerala, south of Cochin, pre-1600Church near Ajengo, south of Cochin, C18th

BB & H Lewis

Page 8: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

detail of the Schoolhouse in Admiralgade, Tranquebar,

completed 1741

Sten Nilsson, European Architecture in India 1750-1850 (London 1968), pl 4

Page 9: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Factory of the United East India Company in Bengal, painting by H Van Schuylenburg, 1665

Dutch Arts, June 1990, no page

Page 10: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

MACAUMACAU

Page 11: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

view of the central part of Macau from Penha Hill, anonymous painting, late C18thG C C Tsang, Historical Pictures (2nd ed, [Hong Kong Museum of Art] Hong Kong 1994 [1991]), p 54

Page 12: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church of St Paul, Macau, 1602 (destroyed by fire 1835)Tsang, Historical Pictures, p 66

Page 13: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Paul, Macao

the surviving façade

Change, December 2002 – January 2003, p 35

Page 14: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

LATIN AMERICALATIN AMERICA

Page 15: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18thSao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira, 1774-1804

Toman, Baroque, p 121; Kubler, Art and Architecture in Spain and Portugal, pl 62

Page 16: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Sao Francisco de Assisi,

Salvador de Bahia, Brazil,

1710

the chancel

MUAS 1,881

Page 17: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

the World in 1715Colin McEvedy, Penguin Atlas of

Modern History, pl 61

Page 18: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Antigua University, Guatemala: courtyard, 1763Miles Lewis

Page 19: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Antigua University, Guatemala

courtyard, 1763detail of arcading

Miles Lewis

Page 20: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Santa Clara, Antigua, Guatemala, rebuilt 1734, close view of the façade

Miles Lewis

Page 21: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Santa Clara, Antigua, Guatemala, rebuilt 1734, detail of the façadeMiles Lewis

Page 22: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Convent of La Recoleccion, Antigua,

1701-25detail of ‘Mayan false

arch’ vaulting

Miles Lewis

Page 23: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Xecul, Guatemala: San Andres and upper churchMiles Lewis

Page 24: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

San Andres Xecul: detail of the façadeMiles Lewis

Page 25: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church of Ocotlan, Puebla, Mexico, C18th

Colóquio Artes, 60 (March 1984), p 33

Page 26: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

S Francisco de Asis, Ranchos de Taos, 1772Church at Taos Pueblo,

New Mexico, ?1704

Jeff TurnbullMUAS 14,456

Page 27: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

adobe building near San Miguel de la Escalada, Spain

Miles Lewis

Page 28: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

oldest House in Santa Fé, New Mexico, ?C16thJeff Turnbull

Page 29: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Governor's Palace, Santa Fé, New Mexico, 1610-1614Jeff Turnbull

Page 30: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Governor's Palace, San Antonio, Texas, 1749MUAS 14,464

Page 31: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

San Xavier del Bac, south of Tucson, Arizona, 1776-97

Rexford Newcomb, The Franciscan Mission Architecture of

Alta California (1916), pl V

Page 32: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

missions on the Californian coast

based on Newcomb, Franciscan Mission Architecture, pl I

Page 33: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

San Luis Rey de Francia, Oceanside, California, 1811-15, dome finished 1829; ]San Diego de Alcalá, 1808-13; San Miguel, Arcangel, 1816-18, the 'corridor'

Newcomb, Franciscan Mission Architecture, pl XXVI; MUAS

14,461; Newcomb, pl II

Page 34: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

adobe house, California, 1846MUAS 14,471

Page 35: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Nahant Hotel, Massachusetts, 1822-3

Thomas Larkin house, Monterey, 1835-7

Harold Kirker, 'The Role of Hispanic Kinships in Popularizing the

Monterey Style in California, 1836-1846', Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, XLIII, 3

(October 1984), p 251

Page 36: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Alpheus B Thompson house, Santa Barbara,

completed 1836Lugo adobe, Los

Angeles county, 1844Sanchez adobe, Pacifica, 1846

Kirker, 'The Role of Hispanic Kinships', pp 254, 252

Page 37: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

THE DUTCH EAST INDIESTHE DUTCH EAST INDIES

Page 38: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

CHRISTCHURCH MISSING

MalaccaDutch Fort, St John’s Hill, c

1670; Stadthuys warehouses, c 1670; Christchurch, 1753,

C19th porch MUAS 16,197, 16,198, 16,201

Page 39: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

typical Malacca house, Bandar Hilir, Malacca

typical Dutch house, C18th),

Malacca

MUAS 16,174, 16,200

Page 40: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

typical house, near the Government Centre, Jakarta, IndonesiaMUAS 8,754

Page 41: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

SINGAPORESINGAPORE

Page 42: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Fu Kien Temple, South Bridge Road, Singapore, 1841Miles Lewis

Page 43: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Fu Kien Temple, Singapore: detail of the roof carpentryMiles Lewis

Page 44: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Fu KienTemple,

Singaporeinterior

Miles Lewis

Page 45: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Fu Kien Temple, Singapore: encaustic tile pavingMiles Lewis

Page 46: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Tan Yeok Nee'shouse, Singapore,

1885view &

interior courtyard

MUAS 16,222,16,224

Page 47: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Sri Mariammam Temple,Singapore

detail of main tower

Miles Lewis, MUAS16,185

Page 48: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Sri MariammamTemple

pavilion details

Miles Lewis

Page 49: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Jamae Mosque, South Bridge Road, Singapore (1826)

rebuilt 1830s

Miles Lewis

Page 50: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Andrew's Anglican

Cathedral, Singapore, by McPherson & McNair, 1856

Miles Lewis

Page 51: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Andrew's Cathedral, Singapore

interior

Miles Lewis

Page 52: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

SOUTH AFRICASOUTH AFRICA

Page 53: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Baroque farmhouse at Illmitz, Burgenland,

Austria'Meerlust' homestead, South Africa, C18th

'Vergelegen', Hottentot's Holland, South Africa, 1701

MUAS 14,734; 5,918; 16,749

Page 54: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

'La Provence' farmhouse, Fransch Hoek, 1756

'Rhone' farmhouse, Simondium, 1795

MUAS 16,756; 16,753;16,754; 16,755

Page 55: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

'Kronendaal', Hout Bay, Cape, c 1800MUAS 15,903

Page 56: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

High Street, Grahamstown, South Africa, 1820s, with St George's Anglican Church, c1824

Ronald Lewcock, Early Nineteenth Century Architecture in South Africa (Cape Town 1963), pl VIII

Page 57: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

CANADACANADA

Page 58: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Château Vaudreuil, Québec (residence of the French Governor), by Gaspard Chaussegros de Léry, 1723, destroyed 1805: view in 1802

Alan Gowans, Looking at Architecture in Canada (Toronto 1958), p 47

Page 59: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

streets in Montreal

unspecified

Notre Dame Street, view by John Lambert, 1810

MUAS 3,969; M K Cullen, 'Highlights of Domestic Building in Pre-

Confederation Quebec and Ontario as seen through the Travel

Literature from 1763 to 1860', APT Bulletin, XIII, 1 (1981), p 82

Page 60: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Barn St Pierre, Île d'Orléans, PQ, C19thMUAS 3,982

Page 61: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Ralph Earl, 'Houses and Shop of Elijah Boardman’, Milford Green,

Connecticut, 1795-6: details Elizabeth Johns et al, New Worlds from Old:

19th Century Australian and American Landscapes (Canberra 1998), p 222

Page 62: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

NORTHNORTH--EASTERN UNITED STATESEASTERN UNITED STATES

Page 63: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

the Capitol, Williamsburg,

Virginia (founded 1699), 1701-1705, recreated 1930s

MUAS 5,014

Page 64: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

the Capitol, Williamsburg: plans

Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 459

Page 65: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Governor's house, Williamsburg, 1706-20, recreated 1930s

front & rear

Jeff Turnbull; MUAS 1,743

Page 66: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

College of William and Mary,

Williamsburg (founded 1693)

1695-1702, since changed

old view with Brafferton Building

and President's house, engraved

c1740modern photo

MUAS 5,013 Country Life, CL, 3877 (30

September 1971), p 810

Page 67: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Longfellow House, Massachusetts, 1759-

Eltham Lodge, London, by Hugh

May, c1664

MUAS 1756; John Summerson, Architecture in Britain 1530-1830 (4th ed, Harmondsworth [Middlesex] 1963

[1953]), pl 70

Page 68: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Brick Market, Newport, RI, by Peter

Harrison, 1761-2

Gallery of Somerset House, London, by

Jones & Webb, 1661-2

Robert Fermor-Hesketh [ed], Architecture of the British Empire

(London 1986), p 111Campbell, Vitruvius Britannicus,

1715

Page 69: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

San Giorgio Maggiore, Venice, by Andrea Palladio, from 1566

design from Edward Hoppus, Andrea Palladio's Architecture, 4th book, 1736

garden building for Sir Charles Hotham, by William Kent

Kent, Designs of Inigo JonesBridenbaugh, Peter Harrison, fig 16.

Isaac Ware, Designs of Inigo Jones (London 1735), pl 43

Page 70: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Redwood Library, Newport RI, by Harrison, 1749: front & back

design from Hoppus

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 112; Bridenbaugh,

Peter Harrison, fig 19

Page 71: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Redwood Library, Newport RI, by Harrison, 1749Toman, Neoclassicism, p 57

Page 72: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Michael's Church, Charles Town, South Carolina, probably by Peter Harrison, 1752-61; St Bride’s, Fleet Street, London, steeple by Christopher Wren, 1701-3

MUAS 1,757; Miles Lewis

Page 73: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

rotunda, by James Gibbs summerhouse on Abraham Redwood's estate, Newport, RI, by Peter Harrison

James Gibbs, Book of Architecture, 1728, pl 80; Bridenbaugh, Peter Harrison, pl 21

Page 74: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Derby house, Salem, Massachusetts, unexecuted design by Charles Bullfinch, 1795Desmond Guiness & J T Sadler, Palladio: a western Progress (New York 1976), p 79

Page 75: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Derby house, SalemGeneral Wade's house, Piccadilly, by Lord Burlington,

1723Guiness, Palladio, pp 79, 78

Page 76: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

JAMES GIBBSJAMES GIBBS

Page 77: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Design of a house for gentleman in Dorsetshire, by James GibbsMount Airey, Virginia, probably by John Ariss, c 1755-8: south front & plan

James Gibbs, Book of Architecture, 1728, pl 58;Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 354; Summerson, Architecture in Britain, p 337

Page 78: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

the White House, Washington, DC, by James

Hoban, 1792-1800

Geoffrey Broadbent [ed], Neo-Classicism(London 1980), p 16; MUAS 4,505

Page 79: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

elevation of a proposed house, Seacombe Park, Hertfordshire, by James Gibbs, before 1739the White House, Washington

James Gibbs, A Book of Architecture containing Designs of Buildings and

Ornaments (London 1739), pl 35; Broadbent, Neo-Classicism, p 16

Page 80: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Gregory the Illuminator, Armenian Church, Singapore, by

G D Coleman, 1835

Miles Lewis

Page 81: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Martin-in-the-Fields, round

design, by Gibbs, c 1720-

1721section & plan

Gibbs, Book of Architecture, pl 71

Page 82: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church of St Andrew, Madras, Indiaby Thomas Fiott de Havilland, 1818-20

B B & H Lewis

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, round design, by James Gibbs, 1721

Gibbs, A Book of Architecture, pl 14

Page 83: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church of St Andrew, Madras, erected by de Havilland, 1818-1820: contemporary view by John Gantz, from De Havilland's book on the church

Country Life, 17/24 December 1970, p 1191

Page 84: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Andrew, Madrasdetail of portico

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pl 58

Page 85: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Andrew, Madras

east end & detail of a lion

Nilsson, European Architecture in India,

pls 59B, 59A

Page 86: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Church of St Andrew, Madras, Indiaby Thomas Fiott de Havilland, 1818-20

B B & H Lewis

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, round design, by James Gibbs, 1721

Gibbs, A Book of Architecture, pl 14

Page 87: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Martin-in-the-Fields: designs for the steepleLittle, Life and Works of Gibbs, pls 9, 29

Page 88: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Independent Presbyterian Church, Savannah, GA, by J H Greene 1817-19 (rebuilt)First Baptist Meeting House, Providence, RI, by Joseph Brown, 1774-5

Country Life, CLVII, 4044 (2 January 1975), p 6; Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 462

Page 89: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,
Page 90: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

First Baptist Meeting House, Providence, RI

St Martin-in-the-Fields, London

Morrison, Early American Architecture, p 463

Summerson, Architecture in Britain, pl 146B

Page 91: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Mary's, Fort St George, Madras,

1680, with spire of 1759

one of the steeple designs for St

Martin-in-the-Fields, by Gibbs, c 1721

.B B & H Lewis Gibbs, Book of

Architecture, pl 29

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St Martin-in-the-Fields, London, by Gibbs, 1721-6Cathedral of St George, Madras, by Colonel James Caldwell, consecrated 1816

Miles Lewis; B B & H Lewis

Page 93: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St Martin-in-the-FieldsCenter Church, New Haven, Connecticut, 1812-15

Little, James Gibbs, pls 10, 11

Page 94: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St John's Church, Calcutta, by James Agg, 1784-7St Andrew's Church, Tank Square, Calcutta, 1815

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pl 55; MUAS 10,348

Page 95: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Cathedral of the Good Shepherd, Singapore, by Denis McSwinney, 1843

MUAS 16,214

Page 96: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

BUNGALOWS & VERANDAHSBUNGALOWS & VERANDAHSDakDak bungalow, Lower Himalayas, 1847bungalow, Lower Himalayas, 1847

R W Winter,R W Winter, The California BungalowThe California Bungalow (Los Angeles 1980), p 19(Los Angeles 1980), p 19

Page 97: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Bungalows, Bangalore, by Janet PottMUAS 17,951

Page 98: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

guest bungalow attached to the residence of the

Governor of Maharashtra, Malabar Point,

Bombay

Bungalow in Fraser Road, Patna, early

C19th

Nilsson, European Architecture in India, pls

92A, 92B

Page 99: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Bungalow at Bangalore, mid-C19thFermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 61

Page 100: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

'A Canadian Residence' by J E Alexander, 1833Cullen, 'Domestic Building', p 27

Page 101: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

'American Cottages‘

John Plaw, Ferme Ornée,1795

Page 102: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Experiment Farm, Parramatta, New South Wales, c 1835Miles Lewis

Page 103: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

cottages at Kumarhati in the Himalayas, Punjab

MUAS 8866, 8,867

Page 104: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

THE CONCEPT OF EMPIRETHE CONCEPT OF EMPIRE

Page 105: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

High Court, Calcutta, by Walter Granville, completed 1872

Victoria Terminus, Bombay, by F W Stevens, 1887

Morris, Stones of Empire, p 112, 135

Page 106: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Moore Market, Madras, India, by R E Ellis of the Public Works Department, late C19th

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British Empire, p 120

Page 107: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

St John's College, Agra, India, C19th

Government Secretariat Building,

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, by A C

Norman of the PWD, 1896

MUAS 10,346; 6,658

Page 108: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

Railway Station and

Administrative Building, Kuala

Lumpur

Fermor-Hesketh, Architecture of the British

Empire, p 26

Page 109: cultures in collision...Sao Francisco de Assis, Ouro Preto, Brazil, by Antonio Francisco Lisboa, 2nd half of C18th Sao Joao d'el Rei, Sao Francisco, by A F Lisboa and F de Lima Cerqueira,

inclusive colonisers (Portuguese) v exclusive colonisers (Dutch, British)

all colonisers adapt to local materials and climate

the founding style becomes dominant

intercolonial characteristics

the late C19th concept of empire

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