Coombs test.doc

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Coombs test

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Coombs test (also known as Coombs' test , antiglobulin test or AGT ) refers to two clinical

blood tests used in immunohematology and immunology . Coombs test (juga dikenal sebagai

Coombs' test, atau ui antiglobulin Agt! merujuk kepada dua klinis tes darah yang digunakandalam immunohematology dan imunologi. he two !oombs tests are the direct Coombs test

(also known as direct antiglobulin test or DAT ), and the indirect Coombs test (also known as

indirect antiglobulin test or IAT ). !oombs tes kedua adalah ui Coombs langsung (jugadikenal sebagai tes langsung antiglobulin atau DAT!, dan langsung Coombs test (juga dikenal

sebagai ui atau langsung antiglobulin Iat!"

"n certain diseases or conditions an individual#s blood may contain "g$ antibodies that can

specifically bind to antigens on the red blood cell (%&!) surface membrane, and their circulatingred blood cells (%&!s) can become coated with "g$ alloantibodies and'or "g$ autoantibodies.

enyakit tertentu atau dalam kondisi seorang individu mungkin berisi darah "g$ antibodies yang

dapat mengikat secara khusus untuk antigens pada sel darah merah (%&!) permukaan selaput,dan sel darah merah yang beredar (%&!s) dapat menjadi dilapisi dengan "g$ alloantibodies dan '

atau "g$ autoantibodies. !omplement proteins may subseuently bind to the bound antibodies.

*elengkapi protein *ei kemudian mengikat ke terikat antibodies. he direct Coombs test is

used to detect these antibodies or complement proteins that are bound to the surface of red bloodcells+ a blood sample is taken and the %&!s are washed (removing the patient#s own plasma) and

then incubated with antihuman globulin (also known as !oombs reagent). Direct Coombs tes digunakan untuk mendeteksi ini antibodies atau pelengkap protein yang terikat pada permukaansel darah merah, yang diambil sampel darah dan %&!s yang dicuci (mengeluarkan pasien sendiri

plasma) dan kemudian incubated dengan antihuman globulin (juga dikenal sebagai !oombs

reagen). "f this produces agglutination of %&!s, the direct !oombs test is positive, a visualindication that antibodies (and'or complement proteins) are bound to the surface of red blood

cells . Jika ini memproduksi agglutination dari %&!s, direct !oombs tes positif, indikasi visual

yang antibodies (dan ' atau pelengkap protein) yang terikat pada permukaan sel darah merah.

he indirect Coombs test is used in prenatal testing of pregnant women, and in testing blood prior to a blood transfusion . Coombs test tidak langsung yang digunakan dalam pengujian

sebelum melahirkan dari ibu hamil, dan dalam tes darah sebelum suatu transfusi darah. "t detectsantibodies against %&!s that are present unbound in the patient#s serum . *endeteksi antibodiesterhadap %&!s yang hadir yg tdk dijilid dalam pasien serum. "n this case, serum is e-tracted

from the blood, and the serum is incubated with %&!s of known antigenicity . alam hal ini,

serum yang diekstraksi dari darah, dan serum adalah incubated dengan %&!s yang dikenal

antigenicity. "f agglutination occurs, the indirect !oombs test is positive. / 0 1 2gglutination jikaterjadi, yang langsung !oombs tes positif. /01

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Contents Isi

/hide1

• 0 *echanism 0 *ekanisme

• 3 irect !oombs test 3 langsung !oombs test

o 3.0 4-amples of diseases that give a positive direct !oombs test 3,0 !ontoh

penyakit yang memberikan langsung !oombs tes positif

3.0.0 4-amples of alloimmune hemolysis 3.0.0 !ontoh alloimmune

hemolysis

3.0.3 4-amples of autoimmune hemolysis 3.0.3 !ontoh autoimmune

hemolysis

3.0.5 rug6induced immune6mediated hemolysis 3.0.5 rug6induced

kekebalan6mediated hemolysis

o 3.3 Laboratory method 3,3 Laboratorium metode

• 5 "ndirect !oombs test 5 "ndirect !oombs test

o 5.0 4-amples of clinical uses of the indirect !oombs test 5,0 !ontoh klinis yang

menggunakan tes !oombs langsung

5.0.0 &lood transfusion preparation 5.0.0 persiapan transfusi darah

5.0.3 2ntenatal antibody screening 5.0.3 layanan prakelahiran antibodi

screening

o 5.3 Laboratory method 5,3 Laboratorium metode

5.3.0 7irst stage 5.3.0 ertama tahap

5.3.3 8econd stage 5.3.3 9edua tahap

5.3.5 itrations 5.3.5 itrations

• !oombs reagent !oombs reagen

• ; 4nhancement media ; media 4nhancement

• < =istory of the !oombs test < 8ejarah dari !oombs test

• > %eferences > %eferensi

• ? 4-ternal links ? ranala luar

# edit $ %echanism #&unting$ %ekanisme

http://toggletoc%28%29/http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Mechanismhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Mechanismhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Mechanismhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_methodhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_methodhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Blood_transfusion_preparationhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Blood_transfusion_preparationhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_method_2http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_method_2http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#First_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#First_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Second_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Second_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Second_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Titrationshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Titrationshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Titrationshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Coombs_reagenthttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Coombs_reagenthttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Enhancement_mediahttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Enhancement_mediahttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#History_of_the_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#History_of_the_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Referenceshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Referenceshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#External_linkshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#External_linkshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#External_linkshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoombs_test%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D1&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhMNMQrUvqsqoQQagXhbIRzWneRRQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoombs_test%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D1&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhMNMQrUvqsqoQQagXhbIRzWneRRQhttp://toggletoc%28%29/http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Mechanismhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Mechanismhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_diseases_that_give_a_positive_direct_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_alloimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_autoimmune_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Drug-induced_immune-mediated_hemolysishttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_methodhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_methodhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Examples_of_clinical_uses_of_the_indirect_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Blood_transfusion_preparationhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Blood_transfusion_preparationhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Antenatal_antibody_screeninghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_method_2http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Laboratory_method_2http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#First_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#First_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Second_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Second_stagehttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Titrationshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Titrationshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Coombs_reagenthttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Coombs_reagenthttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Enhancement_mediahttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Enhancement_mediahttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#History_of_the_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#History_of_the_Coombs_testhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Referenceshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#Referenceshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#External_linkshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgyBJF0IANv-7SGs4adEzJBMkygcg#External_linkshttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoombs_test%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D1&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhMNMQrUvqsqoQQagXhbIRzWneRRQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php%3Ftitle%3DCoombs_test%26action%3Dedit%26section%3D1&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhMNMQrUvqsqoQQagXhbIRzWneRRQ


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8chematic showing the direct and indirect Coombs tests . 8kematis menunjukkan langsung

dan tidak langsung Coombs tes"

he two !oombs tests are based on the fact that anti6human antibodies , which are produced by

immuni@ing non6human species with human serum , will bind to human antibodies, commonly

"g$ or "g* . !oombs dua tes tersebut didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa anti6manusiaantibodies, yang dihasilkan oleh immuni@ing spesies non6manusia dengan manusia serum, akan

mengikat manusia antibodies, umumnya "g$ atau "g*. 2nimal anti6human antibodies will also

bind to human antibodies that may be fi-ed onto antigens on the surface of red blood cells (also

referred to as %&!s), and in the appropriate test tube conditions this can lead to agglutination of%&!s . =ewan antibodies anti6manusia juga akan mengikat manusia antibodies yang mungkin

tetap menuju antigens pada permukaan sel darah merah (juga disebut sebagai %&!s), dan dalamtabung tes yang sesuai kondisi ini dapat mengakibatkan agglutination dari %&!s. he

phenomenon of agglutination of %&!s is important here, because the resulting clumping of

%&!s can be visualised+ when clumping is seen the test is positive and when clumping is notseen the test is negative. 7enomena yang agglutination dari %&!s penting di sini, karena yang

dihasilkan clumping dari %&!s dapat visualised+ clumping terlihat ketika tes ini positif bila

clumping dan tidak melihat tes negatif.

!ommon clinical uses of the !oombs test include the preparation of blood for transfusion in

cross6matching , screening for atypical antibodies in the blood plasma of pregnant women as partof antenatal care , and detection of antibodies for the diagnosis of immune6mediated haemolytic

anemias . !ommon klinis dari menggunakan tes !oombs termasuk persiapan darah untuk

transfusi di lintas pencocokan, penyaringan untuk atypical antibodies dalam plasma darah yanghamil perempuan sebagai bagian dari layanan prakelahiran perawatan, dan deteksi dari

antibodies untuk diagnosa dari kekebalan6mediated haemolytic anemias.

http://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgBWe5Xp-PfjdqaK7vhiNnCUpmmjghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_plasma&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhh4HoG2ENRQm7fJXAuRsai48xoYwhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhibOFJodPu7hTw_-Z3hl4CePfVE_whttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjo83azfbaYK5sTW06Pce-brnPgpAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjo83azfbaYK5sTW06Pce-brnPgpAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgBWe5Xp-PfjdqaK7vhiNnCUpmmjghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgBWe5Xp-PfjdqaK7vhiNnCUpmmjghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_plasma&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhhh4HoG2ENRQm7fJXAuRsai48xoYwhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhibOFJodPu7hTw_-Z3hl4CePfVE_whttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjo83azfbaYK5sTW06Pce-brnPgpAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjo83azfbaYK5sTW06Pce-brnPgpAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjo83azfbaYK5sTW06Pce-brnPgpAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutination_(biology)&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiVkPwrCGRcpeTpIgoFSM6l5PkFFAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutination_(biology)&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiVkPwrCGRcpeTpIgoFSM6l5PkFFAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutination_(biology)&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiVkPwrCGRcpeTpIgoFSM6l5PkFFAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutination_(biology)&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiVkPwrCGRcpeTpIgoFSM6l5PkFFAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_blood_cell&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhje4cAXrJpN9ptvabkO6ul_SsaSXAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_transfusion&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiQ0__4w_L_zdt7qQVWCsODr1isrghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_transfusion&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiQ0__4w_L_zdt7qQVWCsODr1isrghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-matching&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhg9MKDyn5mb3RPcJOa4vHtiypDDHAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-matching&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhg9MKDyn5mb3RPcJOa4vHtiypDDHAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_plasma&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhh1ZkjyCUOu8mjJvx7Zi41c0NcA0Qhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_plasma&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhh1ZkjyCUOu8mjJvx7Zi41c0NcA0Qhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnant&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgchb97fRam1iGeGICLrUuB8Te6Gwhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrics&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhj_X2blGVbUiCTc-Dlg6L_Fkr3nRghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrics&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhj_X2blGVbUiCTc-Dlg6L_Fkr3nRghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_transfusion&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhiQ0__4w_L_zdt7qQVWCsODr1isrghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-matching&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhg9MKDyn5mb3RPcJOa4vHtiypDDHAhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_plasma&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhh1ZkjyCUOu8mjJvx7Zi41c0NcA0Qhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnant&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhgchb97fRam1iGeGICLrUuB8Te6Gwhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrics&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhj_X2blGVbUiCTc-Dlg6L_Fkr3nRghttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haemolytic_anemia&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3DG&rurl=translate.google.co.id&usg=ALkJrhjnk9p8_isb5F8bmn18H74vcgKgbQhttp://216.239.61.132/translate_c?hl=id&sl=en&u=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Coombs_test_schematic.png&prev=/search%3Fq%3Ddirect%2Bcoombs%2Btes%26hl%3Did%26sa%3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!oombs tests are done on serum from venous blood samples which are taken from patients by

venepuncture . !oombs tes dilakukan pada serum berkenaan dgn urat darah halus dari sampel

darah yang diambil dari pasien oleh venepuncture. he venous blood is taken to a laboratory (or blood bank), where trained scientific technical staff do the !oombs tests. &erkenaan dgn urat

darah halus darah yang diambil ke laboratorium (darah atau bank), di mana para staf teknis

ilmiah melakukan tes !oombs. he clinical significance of the result is assessed by the physicianwho reuested the !oombs test, perhaps with assistance from a laboratory6based hematologist .

9linis yang penting adalah hasil yang dinilai oleh dokter yang meminta !oombs tes, mungkin

dengan bantuan dari laboratorium berbasis hematologist.

# edit $ Direct Coombs test #dit$ Direct Coombs test

he direct !oombs test (also known as the direct antiglobulin test or 2) is used to detect if

antibodies or complement system factors have bound to %&! surface antigens in vivo . irect

!oombs test (juga dikenal sebagai tes langsung antiglobulin atau 2) digunakan untukmendeteksi jika antibodies atau melengkapi sistem faktor yang terikat ke permukaan %&!

antigens di vivo. he 2 is not currently reuired for pre6transfusion testing but may beincluded by some laboratories. 2 yang saat ini tidak diperlukan untuk pra6pengujian transfusi

tetapi mungkin termasuk oleh beberapa laboratorium.

# edit $ (amples of diseases that gi)e a positi)e direct Coombs test #dit$ Contoh

penyakit yang memberikan langsung Coombs tes positif

he direct !oombs test is used clinically when immune6mediated hemolytic anemia (antibody6

mediated destruction of %&!s) is suspected. irect !oombs uji klinis digunakan ketikakekebalan6mediated hemolytic anemia (antibodi6mediated pemusnahan %&!s) diduga. 2

positive !oombs test indicates that an immune mechanism is attacking the patient#s own %&!#s. J

!oombs tes positif menunjukkan bahwa sebuah mekanisme yang menyerang kekebalan pasiensendiri %&!#s. his mechanism could be autoimmunity , alloimmunity or a drug6induced

immune6mediated mechanism. *ekanisme ini dapat autoimmunity, alloimmunity atau obat6

induced kekebalan6mediated mekanisme.

# edit $ (amples of alloimmune hemolysis #dit$ Contoh alloimmune hemolysis

• =emolytic disease of the newborn (also known as =A or erythroblastosis fetalis)

=emolytic penyakit yang baru lahir (juga dikenal sebagai =A atau erythroblastosis

fetalis)

o %h hemolytic disease of the newborn (also known as %h disease) %=

hemolytic penyakit yang baru lahir (juga dikenal sebagai penyakit %=)

o 2&B hemolytic disease of the newborn (the indirect !oombs test may only be

weakly positive) 2&B hemolytic penyakit yang baru lahir (!oombs test tidak

langsung yang mungkin hanya sakitan positif)

o 2nti69ell hemolytic disease of the newborn 2nti69ell hemolytic penyakit yang

baru lahir

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