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7/30/2019 Concepts From Session 5 - Stakeholder Analysis
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CONFIDENTIALITY
2010 BA ValueBASE LLP, The concepts and
methodologies contained herein are proprietary to BA
ValueBASE LLP. Duplication, reproduction or disclosure of
information in this document without the express written
permission of BA ValueBASE LLP is prohibited.
Business Analysis Level 1
ANALYZE STAKEHOLDERS
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Approach to Problem Solving An Overview
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Objective
1. To realize the stakeholder analysis is a lot more than a list of people fromthe client organization
2. To realize the importance of 'assessing' the 'nature' of each stakeholder's
involvement in the project3. To discover the importance of having a proper 'strategy' for dealing with
stakeholders depending upon the 'nature' of their involvement
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Stakeholder A Definition
A Group or an Individual who has interests that may beaffected by an initiative and/or have influence over it.
- BABOK V 2.0
Any Individual or Group who is impacted by the problem (+/-)
and/orimpacted by / interested (+/-) in the solution
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Stakeholder Analysis - Definition
Stakeholder Analysis is a 'ongoing' activity toidentify stakeholders and assess:
1. The nature of impact of the problem/solutionon them
2. The influence they can wield on the project.
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Purpose of Stakeholder Analysis
To Identify the stakeholders, their roles and responsibilities
To determine the impact of the problem / solution on every stakeholders
To discover the nature of influence positive / negative that everystakeholder can wield
To customize your communication / interaction with them based on theimpact and influence
To coagulate potential issues that stakeholders can create / face that candisrupt the project
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When is it done?
A.Stakeholder Analysis is done at the early stages of
the project As soon as you discover / understand the Business Need
Conducting the stakeholder analysis early in the project will helpin planning and executing the stakeholder centric activities.
Early analysis will help in establishing a good relationship withthe key stakeholders.
B.It is maintained and updated throughout the
lifecycle of the project The interest of the stakeholder would vary due to various
factors; hence updating stakeholder profiles is an ongoingactivity and lasts through out the life cycle of the project.
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Typical Stakeholder Roles / Groups
StakeholderRoles
Description
Sponsors Responsible for initiating the effort to define a business need and develop a solution thatmeets that need. Authorizes work and controls the budget. Is your champion and will helpremove hurdles
Business/SolutionOwner
Decision Maker, mostly in collaboration with Sponsor. Is ultimately impacted directly bythe success of the solution. Approves the problem definition, solution needs and the finalsolution to be implemented
Domain SMEs Domain Expert/Subject Matter Expert (SME) are the key information providers. Anindividual with in-depth knowledge of a topic relevant to the business need or solution
scope.End Users Those who will directly interact with the solution, all participants in a business process.
Regulators May have specific legal, contractual, or governance requirements regarding what isincluded in a requirements document.
ImplementationSMEs
Those responsible for designing and implementing the solution. Typically, in our projects,the Architects & Designers are Implementation SMEs
Project / Program
Manager
Responsible for managing the work required to deliver a solution that meets a business
need, and for ensuring that the projects objectives are met.
Customers Those outside the boundary of a given organization / organizational unit, who make use ofthe products / services produced by the organization
Suppliers Those outside the boundary of a given organization / organizational unit, who deliverproducts / services to the organization / organizational unit
[BABoKv2.0, p10,Sec 1.5.6:
Stakeholders]
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Stakeholder Profile
9
A List of all the Stakeholders
Basic Information about the Stakeholder, like:
Name of the Stakeholder
Stakeholder Role / Group
Designation
Description of the Stakeholder
Contact Details
Specific Notes / Constraints (e.g. works part-time, works 6 AM to 3 PM, only call between 4 PM and 6
PM, etc.)
Stakeholder Profile is a public artifact; the customer will also have access
Only include information that is acceptable for public consumption
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STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Interest & Influence
Stakeholder Map
Collaboration Strategies
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Stakeholder 'Interest'
Interest is a function of Change Appetite and Impact of the Solution on the Stakeholder
Interest can be negative or positive;
Typical Questions to determine Interest
Is s/he impacted by the problem currently?
To what degree is the impact? Is it a minor irritant or a major impediment?
Will the solution will benefit him/her directly? Does the stakeholder also think the same?
Will the solution require the stakeholder to change? What is the degree of change
expected?
What is the stakeholder's appetite for change?
To what extent can the stakeholder contribute to the definition of the solution?
Recommended Rating
Change Appetite: High or Low
Impact of Solution: High or Low
If you want a three or a multi point scale, feel free to use them. Just dont over complicate
things. At the end of the day, thisis objectivity applied to subjective assessment!
ChangeAppetite
Impact ofSolution
Interest
High High High
High Low Low
Low High (High)
Low Low Low
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Stakeholder Influence
Influence is the degree to which the stakeholder can sway decisions to his / her line of thinking.
Typically, Sponsors, Business Owners and a few Domain SMEs can be very influential.
Influence is neutral no Negative or Positive
Typical Questions to determine Influence
Does the stakeholder control the funding for the project? Does the stakeholder make vitaldecisions?
How high in the org structure does the stakeholder serve?
Is the stakeholder nominated by the sponsor or business owner to direct the project?
How much of informal influence outside the formal org structure does the stakeholder weild?
Recommended Rating
High or Low
If you want a three or a multi point scale, feel free to use them. Just dont over complicate
things. At the end of the day, thisis objectivity applied to subjective assessment!
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Stakeholder Map
A Influence Vs Interest grid. Stakeholder Map helps in understanding the need forcommunication and potential resistance to change.
Interest
Influence
High
Low
Low High
1
2
3
4
5
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Collaboration Strategies
- Dont share this with the customer stakeholders
- Even within the project team, keep this on a need to know basis!
- Discuss with other senior team members PM, SA, etc. to qualify your assessment
KEEP
SATISFIED
Interest
Influence
High
Lo
w
Low High
KEEP INFORMED
(Minimum Effort)
MANAGE
CLOSELY
MONITOR
This quadrant include stakeholders with
High Influence - High positive Interest
&
High Influence - High negative Interest
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Collaboration Strategies
High InfluenceHigh (Positive)
Interest
High InfluenceHigh (Negative) Interest /
Resistance
1. Work inCollaboration/Partnership and
keep on board.2. Manage them closely
and maintainsupport
3. Refinecommunications toalign with projectgoals.
4. Leverage
stakeholderinfluence.
5. Use in project teamsto deliver change.
6. Reward theirsupport.
7. User an interactivecommunication
method.
1. Build Relationships whenpossible. Take time to know
them.
2. Understand the underlyingreasons for resistance. Spellout the consequences of notchanging.
3. Acknowledge their concerns.
4. Compromise on strategywhere it is possible
5. Stand firm on principles andthe need for change
6. Involve other influencingpeople who are more positivein influencing them
7. Manage them closely.
8. Use an interactivecommunication method.
KEEP
SATISFIED
Interest
Influenc
e
High
Low
Low High
KEEP INFORMED (Minimum
Effort)MONITOR
MANAGE
CLOSELY
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Collaboration Strategies
High InfluenceLow Interest
1. Keep them satisfied.
2. Send regular information about project butnot constant involvement.
3. Ensure that they support the project.
4. Target communications to align with projectgoals.
5. Provide information to help them becomesupporters
6. Enthuse about change and sell the benefits.
7. Use an push communication method.
KEEP
SATISFIED
Interest
Infl
uence
High
Low
Low High
KEEP INFORMED (Minimum
Effort)
MANAGE
CLOSELY
MONITOR
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Collaboration Strategies
The following are the guiding questions that can be used for framing thestrategies
What actions should be taken to keep the stakeholder informed about the project?(Communication Strategies)
What actions should be taken to involve the stakeholder in this project, either directly orindirectly? (Involvement Strategies)
What actions should be taken to provide the stakeholder with the skills, knowledge andattitudes required to take on new roles resulting from this project? (Education Strategies)
What actions should be taken to provide the support that the stakeholder will need to make thischange happen? (Support Strategies)
What actions should be taken to hold the stakeholder accountable for making this projectsuccessful? (Accountability Strategies)
What actions should be taken to provide incentives (rewards and recognition) to encourage thestakeholder to make this project successful? (Incentive Strategies)
What actions should be taken to remove non-performers and hard-core resisters in thestakeholder group? (Resistance Strategies)
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Thank You