CIRCULATORY sys

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CIRCULATORYCIRCULATORY

SYSTEMSYSTEMBY:

JULMAJIR A. SALIPMUGDAR R.M., R.N.


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yCirculatory system

also known as

yCardiovascularsystem


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yIn humans, the combinedfunction of the heart, blood,and blood vessels to

transport oxygen andnutrients to organs andtissues throughout the bodyand carry away wasteproducts.


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FUNCTION:FUNCTION:

1. the circulatory systemincreases the f low ofblood to meet increased

energy demands duringexercise and regulatesbody temperature.


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2. When f oreign substances

or organisms invade thebody, the circulatorysystem swiftly conveysdisease-fighting elementsof the immune system,

such as white blood cellsand antibodies, to regionsunder attack.


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FUNCTION:FUNCTION:

3. Also, in the case of

injury or bleeding, thecirculatory system sends

clotting cells and proteinsto the affected site, whichquickly stop bleeding and

promote healing.


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THE HEART:THE HEART:


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yHeart, in anatomy, hollowmuscularorgan that pumpsblood through the body.

yThe heart is the circulatorysystemspowersupply.

THE HEARTTHE HEART


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yIt must beat ceaselesslybecause the bodystissuesespecially the

brain and the heart itselfdepend on a constantsupply of oxygen and

nutrients delivered by theflowing blood.


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yThe heart pumps5 quartsof

blood every minute.yThe heart beats100,000perday, thats35,000,000 millionbeats in ayear.

yIt contractsand relaxes.

Contraction is called Systoleand relaxing is calledDiastole.


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4 CHAMBERS OF HEART

1. Right Atrium2. Left Atrium

3. Right Ventricle

4. Left Ventricle

4 VALVES OF HEART1. Tricuspid Valve

2. Pulmonary Valve3. Mitral Valve4. Aortic Valve


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THE BLOOD:THE BLOOD:


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THE BLOODTHE BLOOD

yBlood, vital fluid f ound in

humans and other animalsthat provides important

nourishment to all bodyorgans and tissues andcarries away waste

materials.


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THE BLOODTHE BLOOD

ySometimes referred to as

the river of life, blood ispumped from the heartthrough a network ofblood vessels collectivelyknown as the circulatory

system.


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THE BLOODTHE BLOOD

yAn adult human has about 5

to 6 liters (1 to2gal)ofblood, which isroughly 7 to 8percent of total bodyweight.Infantsand children havecomparablylower volumesof

blood, roughlyproportionateto theirsmallersize.


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Composition of bloodComposition of blood

y consists predominantlyof water and salts.is usually yellow in color due to

proteins dissolved in it.y - is determined bythe occurrence or absence of

substances, known as recognitionmarkers or antigens, on thesurface of the red blood cell.

Plasma

Blood Type


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Erythrocytes

ymake up almost 45 percent of theblood volume. Their primary function

is to carry oxygen from the lungs toevery cell in the body. it composedof a protein and iron compound,

called hemoglobin, that capturesoxygen molecules as the bloodmoves through the lungs, blood itsred color.

Red Blood

Cells


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Leucocytes

y only make up about 1 percent ofblood, but their small number beliestheir immense importance.

y They play a vital role in the bodysimmune systemthe primary

defense mechanism against invadingbacteria, viruses, fungi, andparasites.

White Blood

Cells


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yThe smallest cells in the blood arethe platelets, which are designedfor a single purposeto begin theprocess of coagulation, orforming a clot, whenever a blood

vessel is broken.

Plateletsand

Clotting


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THE BLOOD VESSELSTHE BLOOD VESSELS


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ARTERIES VIENS

CAPILLARIES


1 2

3


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ARTERIES VIENS

CAPILLARIES


1 3

2


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yArteries carry oxygen-rich blood

from the heart, branching tosmaller and smaller units endingat the capillaries, which transfer

oxygen and other bloodcomponents to and from thetissues. Oxygen-poor bloodcontinues through the capillaries

to veins, which converge to carryblood back to the heart, lungs,and liver.


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ARTERIES

AORTAThe largest artery.

Pulmonary

ArteryThe onlyartery thatcarries un-oxygenatedblood.

CoronaryArteryThe artery that provideoxygenated blood toheart.

SuperiorVena Cava

The largest Vein.

PulmonaryVein

The only veinthat caries

oxygenatedblood.

VIENS


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THE CYCLE OF

BLOODTHE CYCLE OF

BLOOD

LUNGS

PulmonaryArtery

Right

Ventricle

TricuspidValve

RightAtrium

Veins

PulmonaryValve

PulmonaryVein

Left Atrium

Mitral Valve

LeftVentricle

Aortic Valve

Arteries

Different Partof Body


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CIRCULATORY sys