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Gio tr nh dy nghHa vin kin trc txa Chng 2

[email protected] 0123.30.11.860 1

Mc ch chng:

+ Thit lp cc thng sti u ha cng tc vCad.

+ Dng Form c sn v, trnh ngp nhng kin thc khi to bn vban u. Bao gm:hatch, block, layer, dimstyle, symbol.

Chng 2.1: Set thng sOption

- VoTool-option

- Chuyn hnh nn thLayoutv block editorsang mu en nh thModel.

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- Set tng lu sau 1 pht. Sau ny cc bn vnhanh th 1 pht lm vic rt qu.

- Set chc nng nt phi chut =spacebar v bchnti "Make new dimensions

associative" trnhli nhy dim

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Set bt imv con trchutva nhn v tick chn "Ignore hatch objects" b

qua (khng bt im) cc i tng hatch, ta chbchn ny chkhi no cn bt imhatch.

- Set chn(i tng) v nt iu khin(*) v tick chn "When a command is active"

khi gi lnh th chc nng selection preview mi c kch hot.

(*)Nt iu khin: Tt ccc hnh c vu c nt iu khin. Sdng bng cch click

vo nt v r chut. Ta thng dng edit di on thng.

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Chng 2.2:Cc mu t vt liu (Hatch)

- Hatchhay cn gi l mu t vt liu. c dng tcc i tng b ct trong hnh

chiu ct (mt ct) v t vt liu b mt cho cc i tng ta thy hnh chiu ng (mtng) v c hnh chiu bng (mt bng).

- Cc mu t c trong bn v kin trc trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt (file nh km C2.2.1)

- H: Lnh t vt liu cho i tng

+ Cc i tng c t phi kn, nu khng ta phi lm i tng kn, cch n gin nhtl v pline kn i tng cn hatch.

+ G H-spacebar

(1): Chn i tng bng cch click vo vng cn hatch. Chn i tng bng cch qutchut (t phi qua tri)

(2): Chn kiu hatch

(3): Gc v t l kiu hatch

(4): t im gc mi (dng chc nng ny nh v gch mc lt nn)

File mu hatch (file nh km C2.2.2)

- Mo: chng ta hatchnhanh 1 i tng bt k vi kiu hatch bt k (t l hatch=1000). Sao ta dng lnh MM sao chp thuc tnh hatch t file KIEN TRUC.dwt

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Cch thm mu hatch vo my ca mnh

- Cc bndown mu hatch bi 1

- Sau gii nn, chng ta s c cc file .pat

- Copy tt c file .pat vo th mc (nh hnh chp)

- S dng cc mu hatch c thm vo

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Chng 2.3:Cc th vin Block 2D

Th vin tng hp(file nh km 2.3.1)

- Do chng ta ch tp trung vo kin thc chuyn mn l phn trin khai kin trc nn ta skhng hc cch to Block y. Trnh trng hp cc bns b ngp kin thc phn mmAcad ngay t ban u.

- Cch s dng Block c sn

+ M file c cha Block cn chp

+ Qut chn block cn chp - Ctrl+C

+ Chuyn qua file cn chp - Ctrl+V

- to nhanh 1blockkhng t tn(v d: 1 bn v 4 gh thnh 1 block) ta lm cc

bc sau:

+ Move cc i tng cn to thnh block vo ng v tr mong mun

+ Qut cc i tng (cn to thnh block)+ Ctrl+shift+C

+ Click chn im chn (im gc ca block)

+ Ctrl+shift+V

+ Click chn v tr t block

- Tho lun v block thuc tnhtrn din n:

http://www.cadviet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=1580

- Hip s hng dn cc bn edit block thuc tnh Chng 4 (phn h tr lm bi tp)

Chng 2.4:Layer - T l

Khi v Cad c mt vn cc bncn m h v rt quan tm l T l. Vy t l l g?

* T l: l t s ca kch thc trn giy (lc in ra) v kch thc thc t(ngoi cng trng).

Do : nu ta nhn kch thc trn giy cho t l ta c kch thc thc t.Ngc linuta chia kch thc thc t cho t l th ta c kch thc trn giy. V d:

+ Ta c bn v t l 1/100c in ra giy, nu ta o b dy bc Tng l 1mm th ngoithc t b dy bc Tng l 1x100=100mm, hay cn gi l tng 100. Tng t nu ta otrn giy b dy bc Tng l 2mm th ngoi thc t b dy bc Tng l 2x100=200mm

(hay cn gi l tng 200).

+ Khi ta c 1 bn v t l 1/50c in ra giy, nu ta o chiu cao bc Thang l 3mm th

ngoi thc t chiu cao bc Thang

l 3x50=150mm. Tng t nu ta o trn giy ci bn cao 16mm th ngoi thc t ci bncao 16x50=800mm.

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+ Khi ta c kch thc ngoi thc t l 800, ta mun bit kch thc trn giy t l 1/20 lbao nhiu th ta ly 800/20=40mm

+ Khi ta c kch thc ngoi thc t l 750, ta mun bit kch thc trn giy t l 1/25 lbao nhiu th ta ly 750/25=30mm

* Quy cch v:V theo t l thc(hay cn gi l t l 1:1)- 1 n v(unit) = 1 mm

+ Khi ta v 1 on thng di 5m th ta nhp: 5000

+ Khi ta v Tng 200cao 3m; ta v hnh ch nht v nhp: @200,3000

Lu : Cc bnc file KIEN TRUC.dwtv phi hiu c khi nim t lv cch nhp gitr(kch thc) nh trn th chng ta mi lm vic tip c.

Do chng ta ch tp trung vo kin thc chuyn mn l phn trin khai kin trc nn chng tas khng hc cch to Layerv Dimstyle y. Trnh trng hp cc bns b ngp kin

thc phn mm Acad ngay t ban u. Chng ta s hc cch dng form chun v lun.

* File ny gi l file template(ui .dwt) khc vi cc file cad thng thng (ui .dwg)

Sau ny khi v bt c g ta phi m file ny ln ly cu trcdimstyle, layer, khung tn,...

Do cc bnkhi phi bn tm vn v kiu hatch, layer, nt in, dimstyle,...

Video cch add file template vo lnh Qnew (file nh km C2.4.1)

- Vi file template trn th khi ta v t l no th ch vic ly ng thc y ra m dim

(xem hnh)

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- Tng t khi v n i tng no th chn ng layer y v(hay cn gi l lyLayer hin hnh v)

(Layer trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt tng i y . Tm thi cc bndng form ny v.Tn layer c t theo quy c y l ch thng khng du. Sau ny khi lm vic vicc cng ty khc cc bnphi tun th cch t tn layer theo form ca cng ty ).

Cch s dng layer (theo form) y(file nh km C2.4.2)

Lu : Hin ti ta cha quan tm n phn lineweight ( dy nt). Ta s c hc phnin nChng 12.

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Chng 2.5:Cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc

- Cc k hiul nhng hnh + textc quy c nhm thuyt minh (rt gn) cc i tng

trong bn v hoc vn khc nh: cao , hng nhn,...

- Cc ghi ch(thuyt minh): din gii cc i tng (ni dung thit k) mt cch chi tit.

- Cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc: xem trong file KIEN TRUC.dwt.

+ Hi: Ti sao li c cc bn v Kin trc?

+ Tr li: Ti v ta khng th dng li ni hoc ch vit hng dn ngi th xy nh mchng ta phi c cc bn v vi nhng hnh hc tng t nh cn nh 1 t l nh hn viy kch thc v nhng thng tin dng k hiu c quy c.

Do v c nhng bn v ny chng ta phi din gii ngc li cc k hiu hay nicch khc l chng ta phi hiu c cc k hiu c trong bn v kin trc.

1- K hiu trc: Dng nh v cng trnh, nh v cu kin. K hiu ny c hu ht ccbn v: MB, M, MC v cc chi tit,...

V d: ta ni Ct ti v tr A5 th chng ta s tm ti v tr li giao gia trc A v trc 5.

2- K hiu cao (dng cho MB): Do trn bn v 2D chng ta ch thy cc hnh tng, ca,

vt dng,... Chng ta c k hiu code nn(sn) din gii ni c nn(sn) vi cao c ghi ra (cch code quy c 0.0 tng trt). Ngc li vi k hiu ny l k hiu gchcho th hin v tr khng c sn (thng tng, hp gen k thut)

3- K hiu cao trn: Dng xc nh cao trn (thi cng) hon thin.

4- K hiu cao (dng cho M, MC): Dng nhn bit chiu cao cng trnh (khi nhn

M, MC)

5- K hiu dc: Dng tnh ton dc khi thi cng. Cc v tr t: Sn WC, ban cng,sn thng, s n, mi.

6- K hiu hng i ln: Dng nhn bit v tr giao thng lch code (khc cao ). Cc v

tr t: Bc cp, ram dc, cu thang.

7- K hiu ca i, ca s: Dng nh v ca v thng k ca ( thi cng)

8- K hiu vt liu hon th in(tng, sn, trn): Dng din gii (thi cng) VLHT.

9- K hiu mt ct v hng nhn: Dng quy c ly MC theo hng nhn.

10- K hiu trch dn (khoanh vng)chi tit cn trin khai: Dng nh v chi tit cn trin

khai (chi tit cn trin khai l cc chi tit khng thi cng c t l 1/100)

11- K hiu cu to nn/sn: Dng din gii cc lp cu to nn/sn ( thi cng). Ccv tr t: Cc MB chi tit (bn di code nn/sn) v ti mt ct (ngang, dc) cng trnh.

12- K hiu cu to trn: Thng dng i vi cc trn c bit (c nhiu lp nh: cch m,

cch nhit)

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13- K hiu cu to tng: Thng dng i vi cc tng c bit (c nhiu lp nh:

cch m, cch nhit)

14- K hiu hng nhn mt ng chi tit: Dng ly mt ng ca chi tit cn trin khai

(t ti MB chi tit)

15- K hiu hng nhn mt ng phng: Dng ly M ca phng theo hng nhn

(dng trong bn v ni tht)16- K hiu vt dng ni tht: Dng nh v ni tht (dng trong bn v ni tht)

Mo vCad nhanh 1- Dng blnh tt Chng 1.22- Set thng soption nh Chng 2.13- Gim bt thao tc tha bng cch thuc lng 30 lnh Chng14- Sdng thnh tho 11 Lisp Chng6 v 14 LispChng 95- Dng Block c wipeout che hatch (p dng cho cc thit bWC). Tho lun trn din

n: http://www.cadviet.com/forum/index.php?showtopic=630866- Zoom to fix : thay v Z-spacebar A-spacebar ta double chut g ia.7-ly layer no lm hin hnh: G `-spacebar (phm kbn phm s1) v click voi tng c Layer cn ly lm hin hnh - `l lnh tt ca lnh ai_molc8- Khi Hatch dng lnh layisocha li i tng cn hatch.9- Trong qu trnh v, dng shift+chut phichn chbt im.10- Dng Chut phihoc spacebarthay cho phm enter11- Trong qu trnh vi lc ta cn thc hin li lnh va gi v chn li i tng vachn, ta g enter + P + enter + enter12- Save as file in .ctbvi tn trng vi tn file lu cng th mc vi file .dwg (lc ny em

i u in cng c)13- Trong qu trnh lm vic, nu thy c block hay chi tit no hay th bc bvo file THUVIEN.dwtri save ui dwt lun.14- Khi thhin i tng trc sau, trn di th dng wipeoutche i tng (khng

trim i tng, phng trnh trng hp bphn bc khi tng sbsai)15- Chn i tng bn di cc i tng khc: Qut tt ccc i tng, nhn shift v

click bcc i tng bn trn.16- Dng lnh (ko dng biu tng) tt ht cc cng crng mn hnh v.

17- Cc ng c linetype khng phi l continue th khi vta nn t l by block (bt

im khng bnhm) v trc khi in ta chuyn vby layer.18- Tay tri cdn vo bn phm g lnh v nhp sliu. Tay phi cnm ly chut

khng ri.

Ht chng 2

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Cu hi n tp:

- Khi hatch lm sao bit ng bao kn cha?

- Ti sao c lc trim hatch c lc li khng?

- Khi hatch i khi chng trnh chy rt lu. C cch no khc phc khng?

- Trng hp my khng nhn mu hatch a tbn ngoi vo th lm thno?

-i lc cc mu hatch bvth lm thno?

- Ti sao c lc mu ca block khng ng vi layer ca n?

- Ti sao ta li phi dng file Template?

- Ta c tht li im chn ca block (c bn) khng? Bng cch no?

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